2. Start early. Learn key techniques before brothers and sisters leave.
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3. Most articles read the abstract, and a few articles read the full text. Mastering the skills of searching the full text, people often take pleasure in obtaining the full text, so that they have no time to read the content of the article, or even disdain to read the abstract. There are not many really useful full texts. Excessive pursuit of full texts is a waste. Don't go to extremes. Of course, it is also wrong to read only the abstract. 4. Focus on reading literature. I always forget when I read it. The more time you spend reading documents, the more time you waste. Pay attention to time, it is easier to connect and form an overall impression. 5. Make records and marks. Copied or printed documents are marked or annotated directly with a pen. Documents in pdf or html format can be highlighted, or you can use an editor to change the text color. This is another important means to avoid wasting time. Otherwise, it is equivalent to not reading it. 6. Read the article to be quoted in person. There are too many mistakes caused by references. 7. Pay attention to the reference value of the article. The influence factors of publications and the number of citations of articles can reflect the reference value of articles. But pay attention to how other articles that quote this article evaluate this article: support or opposition, supplement or error correction. 8. Communication is the best teacher. It is common to encounter difficulties in doing experiments. What was your first reaction? Always tried? Give up? Reading? These practices are reasonable, but the first thing that should be thought of is communication. For people with status, private consultation shows your respect for them; For people of the same age, open discussion can make everyone speak freely and be cautious at the same time. Never build a car behind closed doors. An experiment was tossed for half a year, and then someone told you it was a dead end. Isn't it a big loss? 9. The highest level of ability is expression. No matter how good the ability is, the work ultimately depends on the approval of others. Expression ability, embodied in writing and speaking ability, is a quality that needs long-term training. For example, if rare cases are found, write a paper and send one; If you can't write well, you can only send a case report. For example, do a project and write one or more papers; If you can't write well, you can only send a work summary or be shot. A picture and a table are all expressions. Hundreds of thousands of words of tender can win a large sum of money; Although the relationship is very important, it is not good to write too badly. Some people say that I don't study PCR, spss, but PPT. There is some truth in this statement. On the surface, the boss in the lab walks the rivers and lakes by a string of ppt. There are often graduate students who are awed by their quick thinking and clear rules. Graduate students often don't understand, "why do I do most of the work, but the boss asks another person who doesn't do much work to write articles?" Let him speak at the conference? " Don't you see that people have the ability to come with their mouths open? 10. Learn English well instead of learning a second language. Now whether you go to Japan or Europe, academic exchange has long been the world of English. You don't have to feel sorry for not understanding a French article. The person who wrote that article was worried about not learning English well. If you are not proficient in English, don't learn a second language for a while. English writing 1. Read the document 10 and summarize the common sentence patterns and phrases of 100. Review regularly. Note that the author of the document must be a native English speaker, and the content of the document should be related to your major. This is a by-product of reading literature at ordinary times. 2. Find 3-5 articles whose technical routes and statistical methods are close to your topic for intensive reading. Write a draft paper. Title, author, abstract, background, purpose, materials, methods, achievements, discussions, thanks, references, legends, charts, tables, photos and explanations should be written in a unified format. The advantage of this is that it can be easily changed into any magazine format. 3. For each part of the paper, especially a specific method and a specific aspect to be discussed, find 5-8 documents to read, enrich and improve. The discussion here only involves English expression and is only recommended to people who lack English writing experience. 4. Find the manuscript contract of the magazine you want to contribute, then find 2-3 articles in the magazine and rewrite them according to its format. Note that each rewrite must be saved as a different file name, so as not to be unrecoverable when an error occurs. 5. Find an English expert to correct it. If you can't find the right person, go to a company that provides English correction and improvement (not translation), and strongly recommend it to those who have money and no time. Document management 1. When downloading electronic documents (caj, pdf, html), paste the title of the article as the file name. Note that the file name cannot have special symbols, so \/:*? & lt& gt| and line breaks are deleted. Setting the file name according to the same habit every time can prevent repeated downloading. 2. Different themes are stored in different folders. The title of the folder should be short, such as: PD, LTP, PKC, No.3. After reading the documents, they should be classified into subfolders, at least separating the useful from the useless. 4. The important files are numbered 00 1 002,003 before the file names according to their importance, and then the icons are arranged according to their names, with the most important files at the front. 5. Copied or printed documents should be punched with a punching machine (￥ 10- 15) and put into a hard folder (￥ 10-20/ sheet). We often play tricks on the citation of references, but we don't know that these will reduce the quality of the paper. Submit 1. Knowing without quoting clearly draws lessons from similar works of peers, but deliberately does not quote similar works of peers, making his works look "novel" and "leading". In fact, the reviewers may be peers. 2. Take it out of context and deliberately intercept the part that the author tries to deny to set off his own point of view. 3. The quotation is untrue, the original text is not read carefully, and the quotation is wrong. 4. False sources Some words are unreliable (such as informal or academic publications), and the source is not indicated. It is very common in some statistics. 5. Blind self-citation is not to explain the relationship between one's own works and previous works, but simply to increase the number of times one's own articles are cited. Write a graduation thesis 1. It is a bad habit to write an outline first, not an outline. Hundreds of words are fine, thousands of words are barely enough, and tens of thousands of words are difficult. It is necessary to list the writing outline and enrich it to ensure the coherence of ideas and the balance of words. 2. Usually write more and summarize the phased work in time, write more articles and contribute more. In the final stage, combining these words organically is a good graduation thesis. 3. Don't list all the data. In order to ensure the weight of graduation thesis, graduate students often observe more indicators. But the more data, the better. Be sure to discard data that has little to do with the main idea. Otherwise, it is either cumbersome, loose or flawed. 4. Printing changes directly on the computer will miss many mistakes. In order to reduce any mistakes as much as possible, be sure to print it out and modify it. It is still limited by personal habits to let others point out mistakes and correct them themselves. The mistakes were there, but they turned a blind eye. Let others point out your mistakes, whether he is in your major or not. How to read the document 1 Goal: aimlessness is inefficient, and it is inefficient to fail to grasp the key points. There may be some confusion before choosing a topic, and I don't know where to start. I just read a lot of literature and don't know why. Under the guidance of tutors and the inspiration of peers, some people can quickly define their goals and have a clear aim, and the introduction begins here. Even if the tutor doesn't give guidance and is uncertain about the topic, he should first decide a specific question and read the literature. Whether you do these things in the future or not, it is much better than having no goal, and you are guaranteed to gain something. The general principles of scientific research are universal. 2. Level: For a specific topic, relevant documents belong to three levels: research direction, research field and research topic. For example, some people study the directional differentiation of stem cells to treat Parkinson's disease. For him, the research direction is Parkinson's disease, and the research field is stem cell therapy for Parkinson's disease. The research topic is that some substance induces stem cells to differentiate into dopamine-secreting nerve cells. When reading a document, you should distinguish which level the document belongs to, which determines to what extent you should master it. Literature at the research direction level: generally involving basic knowledge and discipline level, understanding the current major progress and trends, reaching the level of professionals; Research domain-level literature: understand the key points and hot spots, the topics that have been/are/will be carried out, and reach the expert level; To study the literature at the discipline level: we should fully understand the history, present situation, prospect, main methods and means, and reach the expert level of No 1. Only by correctly distinguishing the levels of the article can we put our energy into thinking. 3. Form: Literature in a broad sense includes all forms of publication that can be read. Textbooks, monographs, conference abstracts, periodicals, web pages and even ppt files. For example, to understand the basic forms of immune response, it is best to read textbooks; To refer to the stereotactic atlas of rat brain, it is best to read monographs; To know the latest progress, it is best to consult periodicals; To learn about other people's research trends, it is best to attend a conference or read a compilation of conference papers. Don't look for the wrong information source. 4. Degree: Different degrees of familiarity with the literature, different ways to read the literature. Beginners learn to read word for word, find out the details and master the most basic knowledge points. The first ten or dozens of articles should be read intensively, and the best ones should even be recited. Veteran search reading is familiar with all kinds of common learning patterns and routines, can quickly extract key information, grasp ideas, and often read out of order. Some people look at pictures and talk, while others can count and read books. The master read critically, hitting the nail on the head and pointing to the problem. In fact, no piece of paper is impeccable. Novices should be steady, veterans should be accurate, and experts should be ruthless. The representatives of novice, veteran and expert are graduate students, tutors and reviewers respectively, but the graduate students who study hard can completely change from novice to expert within three years. Only when you have a clear positioning of yourself can you choose the correct reading method. 5. contradiction: after reading too many documents, my mind is full of information. The public said it was right, and the woman said it was right, but she didn't know what to do. In order to solve this problem, evidence-based medicine divides the grades of clinical trial evidence; Similarly, we should also pay attention to the strength of experimental evidence when reading literature. Discovering contradictions is the first step; Finding out the similarities and differences is the second step; Thinking and solving are the third step. We can find the root of the contradiction from the derivation of the contradictory conclusion. At this time, if we can jump out of the circle and start from the original scientific problems, we can really reach another realm. Why do you want to translate foreigners' summaries and lie about your own? Why repeat other people's experiments and lie about your own ideas?