2. The author of the citation and annotation format of the paper. Title of article (Chinese document). Name of periodical, year (issue).
Author. Title (China Literature). Press, year of publication, number of pages.
Author. Title of the article (Foreign Literature). Name, year (issue) of the periodical
Author. The title of the book (foreign literature). Press, year of publication, number of pages.
The format is basically like this.
When writing page numbers, such as 10 1 to 103, and 140 can be written as10/-103, 140.
3. What is the standard format of references for papers? Baidu academic search references. If you enter keywords and enter the year, you can find the corresponding reference. Knowing the format of the reference needs to be directly filled in by Baidu search reference automatic generator: author.
Title, year, volume (issue): page number.
Shen Ping, Peng Xiangyue, Li Xiaojing, et al. The role of clinical pathway in the removal of foreign bodies in infant respiratory tract [J].
Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2012,47 (10): 930-932. Author.
Title [M] edition.
Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: page numbers. Huyan
Nursing research. Fourth edition.
Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 20 12:38. Author.
Name of newspaper, date of publication (edition).
Ding Wenxiang. Digital revolution and international competition.
National Youth Daily, 2000-11-20 (15). Author.
Title [EB/OL] website, publication date/citation date (optional).
World Health Organization. Facts about patient safety 10 [EB/OL].
They: [R], [P], [A], [C], [Z] and so on. 1. Paper title: accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel. 2. Table of Contents: a brief table of the main paragraphs in the table of contents (short articles must be listed in the table of contents). 3. Abstract: The main content of the article should be short, accurate and complete, with only a few dozen words. The key words that are meaningful to express the content of the paper are selected from the abstract and the text as the machine system index, which is convenient for information system collection and reader retrieval. Each paper selects 3-8 words as keywords, and the subject words at the lower left of the abstract are arranged in another line. When the subject words are determined by standardized words, the theme of the paper should be converted into standardized words in the thesaurus according to the indexing and matching rules. 5. Text of the paper: (1) Introduction: Introduction is also called preface, preface and introduction. The author explains that the intention and significance of the topic should be summarized as the introduction at the beginning of the paper, and the scope of the paper should be short and concise, closely related to the theme. (2) Text: The main body of the paper should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The text includes the following contents: a. Propose-demonstrate; B.
Analyze problems-arguments and arguments; C. Problem solving-demonstration and steps; d .
Conclusion 6. At the end of the paper, the writing references or quotations of references and main documents are listed. References should be marked on a separate page according to GB77 14-87 Reference Description Rules: Title-Author-Publication Information (Edition, Edition Person, Publication Date): Author-Title-Requirements for References listed in Publication Information: (65440
4. What is the format of the standard paper? Chinese and English abstracts-contents-text generally include: introduction (research background, literature review)-asking questions-analyzing problems-solving problems (countermeasures and suggestions)-references-appendices-acknowledgement-academic achievements.
I. Contents required by the basic specifications (1) Graduation design instructions (papers) are written on A4 paper. (two) the graduation design (thesis) text structure specification 1, graduation design (thesis) task book; 2. Abstract at home and abroad: Briefly describe the main contents and features of this design, with concise words.
The Chinese abstract is about 300 words, and the foreign abstract should not exceed 250 substantive words; Keywords should conform to the subject classification, generally 2-4, each word is a professional noun (or phrase), and one word is within 6 words; 3. Contents; 4. Literature (science and engineering); Including the background of topic selection, scheme demonstration, process (design or experiment) discussion, result analysis, conclusion or summary. (1) Topic background: explain the source, purpose, significance, main problems to be solved and technical requirements to be achieved; Briefly describe the development status and existing problems of this topic at home and abroad, as well as the guiding ideology of this design.
(2) Scheme demonstration: explain the design principles and make scheme selection, and explain why this design scheme is chosen (including the analysis and comparison of various schemes) and the characteristics of the adopted scheme. (3) Process (design or experiment) discussion: refers to the author's detailed statement of his own research work.
It requires correct reasoning, conclusive arguments, strong logic, clear hierarchy and accurate expression. (4) Result analysis: Make qualitative or quantitative analysis of the main data and phenomena obtained in the research process, and draw conclusions and inferences.
(5) Conclusion or summary: Summarize and synthesize the whole research work, and explain the problems existing in this research and the opinions and suggestions for further research. Note: liberal arts and other disciplines can formulate unified text structure norms according to the characteristics of the discipline and referring to the above structure.
5. thank you; 6. Appendix; Including charts, computer programs, running results, test accuracy of main equipment and instruments related to the paper. 7. References.
(3) Workload requirements: 1, and the number of words in the paper (design specification) shall not be less than 20,000 words; 2. Consultation 15 or more; Read and translate foreign language materials related to the subject, with no less than 5000 words. (4) Writing requirements: the font is neat, the handwriting is clear, the text is fluent, the language is fluent, and there are no typos.
(5) Requirements for drawings and diagrams: 1. The layout of drawings and charts is reasonable and neat, the line thickness is uniform, the labeling is standardized and accurate, and it is written in engineering words; 2, engineering drawings must be drawn according to national standards or engineering requirements; 3. The chart units shall be unified into the International System of Units (SI). (VI) References: In order to reflect the scientific basis of the manuscript and the author's serious attitude of respecting other people's research results, and present the source of relevant information to readers, we should mark [] in the upper right corner of the text of the references cited in sequence, and the serial number in [] is the same as that in "References", then publish the references after the text, and list the most important documents published in public publications limited to the author's own reading.
The description of references is arranged in the order of description/title/publication: periodical-author, title, periodical name, publication year, volume number (issue number) and starting page number. Books-author, title, edition (the first edition is not marked), place of publication, publisher, year of publication, and starting page number.
(7) Others: uniformly print the cover of graduation design (thesis), and other materials: graduation design (thesis) task book, review opinions, opinions of defense committee, etc. , download and print from the internet, or fill in with a pen after downloading and printing from the internet. Second, the implementation of the basic specification requirements 1, the graduation design (thesis) leading group of each college is responsible for organizing the review of the basic specification content of the graduation design (thesis) of students in this college.
2, graduation design (thesis) basic specification content review completed before graduation defense, review qualified by the professional graduation design leading group leader (director) signature rear can participate in the defense. 3. For students who are engaged in graduation design (thesis) outside school, their thesis review will be carried out after returning to school.
4. Those who fail to pass the paper review should be reworked and can participate in the defense only after meeting the requirements. 5. Students should submit design instructions or papers that have been reviewed and bound by the instructor, otherwise the defense team has the right to refuse their defense.
5. The formats of references and notes in the paper are standardized.
I. Types of references
The type of reference (i.e. citation) is identified by a single letter, as follows:
M monograph c anthology n newspaper articles j periodical articles
Standard patent for doctoral thesis research report
An article
For files that do not belong to the above types, use the letter "z" to identify them.
Identification of common electronic files and carrier types:
[db/ol]- Online data (database online)
[db/mt]- database on magic tape.
[m/CD]-CD monograph
6. When writing a paper, how to mark references is useful to you ~ Hehe ~ Here is an example ~ 1. The types of references (that is, citation sources) are marked with single letters, as follows: m-monograph C-collection of essays N-newspaper article J-journal article D-dissertation R-literature reports that do not belong to the above types.
For English references, we should also pay attention to the following two points: ① The author's name adopts the principle of "surname comes first, surname comes last", and the specific format is: surname, initials of first name. For example, Malcolm Richard Cowley should be Cowley, M.R. If there are two authors, the method of the first author remains the same. &; After that, the first letter of the second author's first name is put in front, and the last name is put behind. For example, Frank Norris and Owen Gordon should be: Norris, F.&; Gordon; (2) Titles of books and newspapers are in italics, such as Mastering English Literature and English Weekly. Second, the format and examples of the reference 1 Journal format [serial number] author. Title [J] Title, year of publication, volume number (issue number): starting and ending page numbers. For example, [1] Wang Haisu. On the disclosure mode of accounting information [J]. Financial Research, 2004,21(1): 56-58. [2] Xia Lvhui. Investigation report on graduation thesis teaching in colleges and universities [J]. Science Higher Education, 2004 (1): 46-52. [3] Heider, E.R. & D.C. Oliver.O Color Space Structure in Language Naming and Memory [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62–67.2. Author of monograph format [serial number]. Title [M]. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: page number. For example, [4] Ge Jiashu and Lin Zhijun. Modern western financial accounting theory [M]. Xiamen: Xiamen University Press, 2001R. Mastering English Literature [m]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.3. Newspaper format [serial number] author. Article name [N]. Name and publication date (edition) of the newspaper. For example, [6] Li Dalun. Importance of economic globalization [N] 1998- 12-27(3). [7] French W Bean's Silence: A Voice from China [N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8- 15(33). 4. Paper format [serial number] Author. Title [C]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number. For example, [8] Wu Yifu. Selected western literary theories [C]. Shanghai: Shanghai [A]. In C. Nelson & ampl. Gro * * * erg (editor. ). Victory on the edge of hell: Imiji *** [C]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.27 1-3 13. [10] Almarza, g.g. Knowledge growth of foreign language teachers of students [A]. In d. freeman and j. c. richards (editor. ). Teacher learning in language teaching [C]. New york: Cambridge University Press. Thesis format [serial number] author. Title [D] Place of publication: depositor, year of publication: starting page number. For example, [1 1] Zhang Zhusheng. Invariant set of differential semi-dynamic system [D]. Beijing: Institute of Mathematics, Peking University Department of Mathematics, 1983: 1-7. 6. Research report format [serial number] Author. Publication year: starting page number. For example, [12] Feng Xiqiao. LBB Analysis of Pressure Piping and Pressure Vessel of Nuclear Reactor [R]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, 1997:9- 10. 7. Publishers of regulatory format [serial number]. Name of regulations. Release date example [15] China Science and Technology Commission. Measures for the administration of sci-tech periodicals [z].
Notes are marked with circle codes ①, ②, ③, etc. Four. References References correspond to notes in papers (Wang Xiaolong, 2005).
The label is within punctuation marks. Many need to be marked, not 1-6, etc. And write side by side.
7. How to write 14.4 in the notes of reference papers? After the publication of the paper, the format of the reference list is coded in order.
References are listed at the end of the text in the order in which they appear, and the table is marked with the words "References:" (upper left box); The list of references after English articles is marked with the words "References:" (box at the top left); The serial numbers of references are displayed in the upper left box, and the numbers are represented by square brackets, such as [1], [2], [etc., so as to be consistent with the format of serial numbers in the text.
Author. Title of the article (China Literature). Name, year (issue) of the periodical
Author. Title (China Literature). Press, year of publication, number of pages.
Author. Title of the article (Foreign Literature). Name, year (issue) of the periodical
Author. The title of the book (foreign literature). Press, year of publication, number of pages.
Each document corresponds to only one serial number; When the title of the document is the same as other contents, but the page number is different, the page number can be indicated after the indicating serial number in the text. Such as [1]85, such as [1] 153, such as [1]226.
According to ISO 690 and ISO 690-2, each reference entry ends with a ".".
The reference part of the article includes two parts: notes and references. Annotation is the author's own explanation (the cited references can also be put in the annotation), and the reference only needs to list the name of the reference book or paper, the author, the publishing house or published periodical, the writing time or the number of periodical issues, etc. Notes are marked with circles 1 2, footnotes are put, references are marked with [12], and endnotes are put.
Some publications require annotations and references in the text, while others do not require references in the text, just list them in the endnotes. According to the latest CNKI specification, it should be the former. For the sake of safety, you'd better bid in full. Note: If the reference is a book, the page number should be marked, and the paper only needs to indicate which issue the periodical is.
Example:
References:
[1] Jin Fuhai. On the establishment of punitive damages system in China [J]. China Law, 1994, (3).
[2] Yang Lixin. Reflections on "Wang Hai Phenomenon" in Civil Law —— Also on punitive damages in the protection of consumers' rights and interests [J]. Hebei law, 1997, (5).
[3] Jin Fuhai. On consumer law [M]. Beijing: Peking University Publishing House, 2005:25 1.
[4] Wei Yan. Improve China; Punitive damages system in China [J]. Journal of taiyuan normal University, 2007, (1).
Liang Huixing. ; The interpretation of article 49 is applicable [J]. Essays on Civil and Commercial Law, 200 1, (3).
[6] Wang Jian. On China: Punitive damages [J]. Modern commerce, 194.
[7] Liang Huixing. About; The interpretation of article 49 is applicable [N]. People's Court, 200 1-3-29.
[8] Kong Xiangjun. Research on Frontier Issues of Fair Trade Law Enforcement [M]. Beijing: Industry and Commerce Press,1998.219.
[9] A.J. oakley, Parker and Melos. Modern trust law [M]. London: Sweet & Maxwell 9th Edition, 2008: 13.
When writing a page number, such as 10 1 to 103, it can be written as10/-103.