Abstract: In order to meet the needs of the future information sea battlefield, it is necessary to improve the command efficiency of the warship command and control system. Intelligentization of warship command and control system is the key and only way to improve warship command efficiency. This paper mainly discusses the position of intelligence in information warfare, especially for warship command and control system. The structure model of intelligent warship command and control system using fully distributed artificial intelligence technology is given.
Keywords: information warfare; Ship command and control system; Fully distributed artificial intelligence technology; Command effectiveness
China Library Classification Number: TP 18 Document Identification Number: A.
Research on fully distributed artificial intelligence in shipborne C2 system
Zhang Yu -ce, Yang Qingsong, Chen Ke
Abstract: In order to meet the demand of information warfare (IW), it is necessary to improve the command efficiency of shipborne C2 system. The intelligentization of shipborne C2 system is the key factor to improve its communication ability and efficiency. This paper presents an intelligent shipborne C2 system model with fully distributed artificial intelligence.
Keywords: iw; Shipborne C2 system; Distributed AI technology; Command efficiency
Introduction to 0
1985, American military strategists first proposed that "the arrival of the information age is triggering a new military revolution, and a new form of war characterized by information technology is emerging", and then proposed "information warfare". If the Gulf War showed the world the great strategic role of information superiority for the first time, then the war between the United States and Britain against Iraq was a further extension of the information war. It is by using advanced intelligence system, electronic warfare equipment and precision strike force that the United States and Britain have dealt a heavy blow to Iraq's living military command system, thus firmly grasping the control right of battlefield information and finally winning an all-round victory at a small cost. For the characteristics of information warfare, different explanations will be drawn from different angles. Foreign troops generally believe that information warfare is essentially a computer war, especially a high-level intellectual contest. The Gulf War and recent local wars have fully embodied the intelligent characteristics of high-tech wars. This feature is especially reflected in the gestation period of the war and the transition to the implementation period of the war. 1997 10. On 3 October, a research group of the National Defense Science Committee under the U.S. Department of Defense submitted a report entitled "Information War-Defense", which particularly emphasized the need to strengthen the intelligence response capability of the troops and called on the military to strengthen its defense capability of "information war" to prevent the occurrence of the electronic "Pearl Harbor" incident and ensure that the U.S. military has 2/kloc-
Two computers and 10000 local computer network are not easily damaged. In addition, the tactical application also emphasizes the comprehensive application of destroying, destroying and using the enemy's intelligence, which is also an inevitable requirement for various combat operations such as operational secrecy, military deception, psychological warfare, electronic warfare and fire destruction to play a comprehensive role in the process of command confrontation [1].
In view of the evolution of war forms and the requirements of future wars, the US military, with its high-tech advantages, put forward the modernization plan of "digital troops", the first of which is to realize the intelligence of command and control systems and weapons and equipment. The intelligence of weapons and equipment and operational command will give full play to the role of "human body" and become a new growth point to improve the combat effectiveness of the army. Therefore, foreign military experts predict: "whoever can win in the field of artificial intelligence in the future will gain the initiative of the new military revolution."
1 Functions of fully distributed new intelligent warship command and control system
1. 1 improves the degree of information enjoyment and enhances the survivability and anti-destruction ability of the system.
The so-called fully distributed refers to the distribution of the whole system in position, function and control. Therefore, this distribution is not only reflected in the hardware, location and distributed topology of the system, but more importantly in its software. Fully distributed architecture, each node is equipped with the whole application software, and the management software of the system is distributed in each node, but only one is working, using a distributed database. The advantage of this is that when a place, function or control fails, it can be recovered by backing up processing power and functional redundancy software. Main functions can be redistributed from one node to other nodes; When the working node running the system management software fails, the system management software can be automatically reinstalled. The realization of software and hardware fully distributed system architecture depends on the support of a modular splicing technology, which adopts σ splicing technology [2] and is a typical modular fully distributed system architecture technology. Due to the cruelty of modern naval warfare, adopting fully distributed architecture can improve the degree of information enjoyment, enhance the survivability and invulnerability of the system, improve the assembly of the system, and meet the requirements of the military for high reliability, invulnerability, strong vitality, flexible communication organization and high automation of the command and control system.
1.2 Improve the efficiency of information and decision-making.
Intelligentization can improve the information collection efficiency of warship command and control system, and improve the timeliness, accuracy and availability of information. Information collection depends on environmental monitoring and reconnaissance in the battlefield or in a wider range, which in turn requires spatially dispersed troops or other corresponding carriers to complete. This will lead to two problems. First, how to realize the optimal configuration of reconnaissance equipment and the communication between troops or aircraft carriers; Second, when a certain reconnaissance equipment cannot effectively perform a given reconnaissance task, how can it not affect the completion of the overall task of the system? The effective way to solve these problems is to develop an information collection system based on multi-agent system (MAS) by using distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) technology, so that various reconnaissance agents can run autonomously, not only interact and reason with the dynamic battlefield, but also coordinate and cooperate with other agents, so it has high information collection efficiency and self-reorganization ability.
Intelligent aided decision-making improves the practicability and adaptability of command decision-making in warship command and control system. There are usually two types of computer-aided decision-making: retrieval type and intelligent type. In the retrieval type, various battle plans made by prior assumptions are stored in the software library, and when necessary, the battle plans are found from the library according to certain correlation criteria and provided to commanders. Intelligent decision-making is not only that, but more importantly, it has the characteristics of artificial intelligence, which can automatically provide commanders with operational plans that meet the current needs in real time according to the knowledge and reasoning process of military experts and the actual situation. Obviously, intelligence is more flexible and adaptable than retrieval, which is more in line with the changing actual situation of the battlefield.
Intelligent aided decision-making system can help ship commanders solve semi-structured or unstructured decision-making problems that are difficult to solve by ordinary methods. This kind of decision-making problem is difficult to be solved by conventional methods, but a satisfactory solution can be obtained by using intelligent auxiliary decision-making and knowledge reasoning. In this way, the decision-making process is perfected, and decision-makers can realize multi-objective comprehensive decision-making combining high-quality decision-making with qualitative and quantitative decision-making.
1.3 promotes the emergence of new command and control modes.
The command and control system of intelligent warship needs corresponding command and control mode to realize real-time and efficient command and control in intelligent state. Therefore, some brand-new command modes came into being, such as network command, non-hierarchical command, and mutual visit command. Through the internet and efficient intelligent processing system, information can be processed and transmitted in time, so that commanders can grasp the battlefield situation at any time and issue operational orders, thus capturing fighters in time and realizing real-time decision-making and control.
Judging from the attack action in command and control, because the command and control system of intelligent warship has good working stability, it can continue to work normally as long as its working environment and working procedures are not directly destroyed during operation. Therefore, compared with the past, against the man-machine integrated command system, it is necessary to objectively know not only the relevant information of the enemy commander, but also the way in which the enemy command information system processes and uses information and its operating procedures, as well as its ability to resist different information attack means and methods.
From the perspective of protective actions in command and control, before the command system is informationized and networked, the protection in the command process is mainly manifested in adopting various means (such as changing the communication password in time) to ensure the confidentiality of information transmission. Now, the informationization of the command system has changed this situation, making the command and support of the command system more complicated. It includes not only ensuring the confidentiality of information transmission, but also ensuring that the system is protected from viruses and other attacks, and ensuring that the original data of the system will not change its original nature during operation and transmission, and will not be stolen by the other party. Experiments by the US military show that only 4% of the attacks on 1 10,000 computer systems were detected with a success rate of 88%. Therefore, in the information battlefield, without timely, accurate and sufficient information guarantee, it is impossible to take corresponding protective measures and even discover enemy attacks.
1.4 Improve the adaptability of combatants.
In the future, the response ability of naval battlefield combatants is difficult to adapt to threats from multiple directions, batches, targets and all directions. The use of intelligent warship command and control system can improve the adaptability of combatants, especially commanders, to complex battlefields. Of course, the intelligence of the system not only improves the requirements for people, but also creates a huge demand for people's quality, which promotes the transformation and improvement of commanders' knowledge structure and thinking mode. If a commander wants to control modern warfare, he must first control the intelligent command system. At the same time, the intelligent command and control system also provides some new training methods and means by using computer technology, virtual reality (VR) technology and distributed network technology, such as simulated immersion training, virtual reality training and interactive distributed training. It changes the traditional training mode, increases the scientificity, antagonism and economy of training, and can effectively improve the training quality.
2. Establish a warship command and control system based on distributed artificial intelligence technology.
DAI, a distributed artificial intelligence technology, can decompose the problem into several sub-problems with hierarchical structure, and obtain satisfactory solutions by using the decomposition and coordination method of large-scale systems, thus reducing the complexity of system modeling and solving. In order to improve the efficiency of decision-making, a distributed artificial intelligence warship command and control system as shown in figure 1 is established.
Figure 1 Structure Diagram of Distributed Artificial Intelligence Ship Command and Control System
As can be seen from the figure 1, this warship command and control system is an organic unity of battlefield, combat and military expert knowledge, and has the ability of self-learning and self-improvement. It can generate decision-making model according to information such as battlefield situation analysis, threat assessment and threat source diagnosis, call relevant data and algorithms to provide alternative schemes, evaluate and optimize various schemes, and conduct man-machine dialogue through large-screen user interface to help commanders make up their minds and pass instructions. When each execution unit of the warship receives the instruction, it will react and act.
In the figure, the database mainly stores tactical performance parameters of various weapons and equipment, typical establishment and dynamic parameters of combat process, etc. The knowledge base mainly stores the principles of campaign tactics, the use principles of military forces and weapons, various typical scenarios, including battlefield environment, combat attempts and situations, and basic algorithms necessary for evaluating the progress of operations. The model base mainly stores various weapon system models, linear and nonlinear programming models, reasoning analysis models, prediction models, simulation test models, optimization models, evaluation models, integrated combat models, data processing models, graphic and image reporting models, intelligent models, etc. Related to operation; Man-machine dialogue system is the interface between users and computers in command and control system, which plays an important role in transmitting (including converting) commands and data among operators, model base, database and knowledge base. Automatic inference engine completes some complex operation process decisions that are difficult to describe quantitatively.
The intelligent fuzzy expert system based on information base is mainly composed of fuzzy generator, fuzzy eliminator, fuzzy inference engine, knowledge acquisition module, fuzzy knowledge base, fuzzy database and man-machine interface [4], as shown in Figure 2.
The main task is to obtain all kinds of data information through the operation of the original information space, and then the fuzzy generator maps it into a fuzzy set as the initial input. Then, using the linguistic information in the fuzzy knowledge base-facts and rules, the blackboard model is used for problem decomposition, reasoning and collaborative control, and the blackboard+pipeline communication mechanism is used to transmit control information and knowledge information to other subsystems/modules, so as to determine the intelligent configuration. Control the switching of operational command mode, complete the assignment and scheduling of operational tasks, self-adaptive adjustment and optimization of the structure and parameters of fuzzy neural network group system, fault isolation and system reconstruction of each subsystem/module, network communication, management of each intelligent interface, etc.
Fig. 2 Structure diagram of intelligent fuzzy expert system based on information base
3 Conclusion
From the above discussion, we can know that the fully distributed intelligent warship command and control system can truly and real-timely integrate the knowledge of battlefield, operational command and action and rear military experts, so as to maximize the effectiveness of various weapons and equipment. This kind of warship command and control system can break through the existing battlefield time and space, change the appearance and form of information battlefield, and cause a real new military revolution, so it is the development trend of warship command and control system.