Plate is an organic combination of different beats, rhythms and melodies. According to the development of the plot, various boards change at different speeds. Among them, [Adagio], [Erliu Board] and [Ribbon Board] can also take a short break (playing the strings) to explain or perform.
The "color cavity" in various boards is a special sound in singing, which has unique personality characteristics and is mostly found in adagio. Color cavity includes adagio cavity, two-inverted cavity, arrow cavity, ribbon cavity and large board cavity. The color cavity of other plates is scattered, and the singing sentences are few and not commonly used.
There are six kinds of Qin Opera boards: [two-way board], [soft board], [ribbon], [arrow board], [two-way board] and [rolling board].
Erliu board is the basic board with many changes, strong expressive force and relatively complete performance in Qin opera singing. Can be used alone in a play. This plate can also be divided into two kinds: joyful sound and bitter sound. There are six boards for singing the upper and lower sentences, and the two sentences can be divided into paragraphs. [26 board] is divided into tight (fast) and slow; Allegro 26 is good at expressing passion and excitement, which comes from the acceleration of Allegro 26. [Slow 26] Good at narration, dialogue and lyricism. They all belong to "one board and one beat" (that is, 2/4 beats).
First, challenges and registration
"Challenge" and "Registration" are a unique traditional program in Shaanxi Opera.
"Challenging the board" means that the actor sends a signal to the drum with a certain standard name, and then picks up the board to sing or move the bronze as needed. Challenge boards are mostly used for [Flexible Board], [26 Board], [Arrow Board] and [Rolling Board]. The challenges in front of bronzes are [leopard head] and [watering eight].
"Registration" is another form of bidding. That is, the actor hints at the drum with some gestures or graphics during the performance. For example, use your thumb to signal [wave with a board]; The index finger indicates the arrow board; Shake down with one hand to indicate to lift [shake the board], etc. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, these registrations were gradually eliminated on the stage.
"Challenging" has not only the significance of challenging, but also the significance of drama and music, so as to achieve a certain dramatic effect. The tunes of the challenge are all "scattered boards", and sometimes there is only intonation without melody. Generally speaking, it can be divided into "function word appellation" and "wanderer appellation", both of which have different accents and tones.
The appellations of function words are mostly modal particles, which have the meaning of exclamation.
If there is something to call, it is mostly to call people or make statements, orders and entreaties.
Second, the board and the board pass through the door.
Because of the speed change of the second and sixth boards and their relationship with the rhythm, many bronzes with boards are named with boards. There are many kinds of lifting plates, among which [rocker plate] and [original plate] are used for toothed lifting plates; There are [26 small banded gongs], [3 small banded pestle gongs], [264 small banded gongs], [267 small banded gongs], [268 small banded gongs], [260 small banded gongs] and [26 small banded drinking grounds] using small bronzes. There are 【 26 big ribbon plates 】, 【 26 rough ribbon plates 】, 【 26 big ribbon plate puller 】, 【 26 slow ribbon plate 】, 【 26 long pestle pile headband plate 】, 【 7 pestle 26 ribbon plate 】 and so on. In addition, the first half is big bronze, and the second half is three sections [two halves and two belts]. In short, according to the needs of characters and drama content, various boards have various uses. [26 board] is also called the board head. It consists of an introduction and a basic door. Primer can be used flexibly according to different starting bronzes. When the plot needs to be compact, you can also sing after the introduction.
Third, the law of singing
[Class 26] Singing is as little as one sentence and as many as dozens of sentences. There are cross-sentences and seven-sentences. The singing method of the upper and lower sentences in singing is generally from the eye to the board, that is, the first cavity starts from the eye, but the board is also common.
Four, two, six voices
1, "bump"
That is, from singing (beating) to stopping. Passing through the door between sentences is mostly the repetition or variation of aria melody. Words are more free. For example, Wang Tianmin sang "Daiyu Buries Flowers", and Lin Daiyu sang "-Eyebrows and eyebrows are all around flowers".
2.[ Tight 26]
Also known as Kuaierliu, its sentence structure is the same as that of Slow Erliu, but its speed is faster than that of Slow Erliu. Music for the old beat. For example, Wang Baochuan's aria in "Catch the Slope", "See its flirting is always a holiday, and Wudianpo should have a military commander", all of which are tied to the Erliu board.
3. Sing a sentence in white.
In the aria of Class 26, according to the needs of the plot, you can add dialogue in the middle of the sentence and then continue to sing. For example, in the "three auditions", after adding narration to Su San's aria, he continued to sing.
4, typhoid fever
The melody of Erliuban Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a singing melody sung by actors in the bass area, which is used to express the emotions of the characters in the play when they are sick or unconscious. Such as Zhuge Liang's Hulu Valley Sacrificial Lamp.
Five, the door and stop.
The second and sixth boards pass through the board head door (including the introduction), the basic door and the inter-sentence door. Passing the door between sentences is the door after singing a sentence, including the door after singing the previous sentence, the door after singing the next sentence and the door after singing the cushion sentence. Mat-sentence is a short period of time when the upper and lower sentences are sung without sloppiness, that is, when they are sung continuously.
Besides conventional words, there are many words in the lyrics of Class 26. Its sentence patterns are flexible and changeable. Especially the aria and tunes of the previous sentence are varied. Both the upper and lower sentences can be placed at the end of the aria (that is, the drawl).
The sentence in the bitter tune cavity can be reduced by 2, 4, 5, 7, 1, 2, etc. Yin Huan can fall 1, 2, 3, 6, 3, 2 and so on. No matter "bitter tone" or "musical tone", the next sentence is dropped by five tones, and sometimes the next sentence with bitter tone can be dropped by 1 tone.
Sixth, rotate the disk.
[26 board] has the function of turning the board, you can start with 26 boards, and then turn to another board in one sentence. You can turn from [26 board] to [2 turn the board] and pour in [soft board]; You can also turn to [Flexible Board], and then turn back to [26 Board] after the upper board; If the speed is increased, it can be transferred to people [with boards]; You can also go directly to [Double pestle reel].
Seven, falling plate
[26] There are "off board", "information board", "alignment board", "smashing board" and "yellow board". Among them, the latter three methods belong to the perfect ending method.
1, "off the board" is a way to end the aria in the form of tight playing and slow singing. Tighten the beginning of the last sentence and sing slowly; In the last sentence, there is slow singing after the first cavity, that is, the first cavity is followed by the wooden board, and the second cavity is followed by slow singing. Percussion can be accompanied by teeth or double bonds.
2. The reason why "off-duty" is called "off-duty" is because [26] when singing, we should talk about dialogue, perform, pause singing and continue to enter the door. The rest board can rest directly and rest after leaving the board. The rest board is divided into the rest of the previous sentence and the rest of the next sentence. Music can be repeated indefinitely, and it is a board with three eyes. Because the 4/4 beat is stable, it can be used to set off dialogues and performances. When you need to pick up a song, you can pick up the board and pick up the song at any time when you pass by the door. There are all kinds of falling notes on the rest board, and there are all kinds of falling notes on the rest board, but falling note 5 is the most common one.
3. "Ban Qi" Erliubanqi is a form of falling board, ending the aria with a complete board, that is, one board at a time. It follows the first cavity of the last sentence of the aria with a pad sentence passing through the door, which generally slows down the speech a little and ends with a flush door passing through. The flushing plate comprises a flushing plate with a cavity and a flushing plate without a cavity; A flush plate without a cavity is called a hard flush plate.
4. "Slamming" refers to stopping singing and playing immediately in a certain sentence of singing or music, that is, cutting the board with a striking pad in order to speak in a quiet field, which is called smashing the board.
5, "Yellow Board" Erliu Yellow Board is mainly used at the end of a play or the last song of a play. Its sentence pattern is relatively fixed and has a strong sense of ending. The ending method is to create momentum in advance in the last sentence of the aria, break the regular plate rhythm with percussion, break up the next sentence of the aria, and add percussion and three-press (three stilts) to end the aria.
Eight, the color cavity color cavity is to drag the cavity with the high school holiday sound in singing, without words or a word with a cavity. Its function is to add colorful melodies to express a specific emotion. Because of its unique accent characteristics, it is named color cavity or simply "pull cavity". Old artists are also called "two tones" or "narrow tones". 26 color cavity of the board, usually use one or two sentences when leaving the board and facing the board.
Shaanxi Opera is basically plate-shaped, with rigorous rhythm, delicate feelings, rich melodies and circuitous tunes, which are suitable for expressing the inner feelings of characters. It is often used for self-narration and lyricism in drama. Use it for all kinds of roles. It is not only an independent and complete plate, but also can be transferred to another plate. Adagio is a board with three eyes or 4/4 beats. There are two tones: "bitter tone" and "happy tone". The structure and duration of these two types of vocals. The rules of starting sentences and falling cavities are mostly the same, but the timbre and melody are different. Adagio is divided into slow, medium and fast.
First, the challenge
It is divided into "function word challenge" and "word challenge". Empty words challenge empty words, emphasizing that the cavity must be dragged to reach the required plate. If you have words to challenge, you should sing them with certain standards and strong melody, and add words to achieve the required pattern.
Second, the board of directors.
There are two kinds of flexible boards: [Anban] and [Collapse Board]: [Anban] does not use bronze, but only lays a mound, so it is called "a mound"; And the [collapsed board] is lifted with bronze. From the beginning of the board, there are [adagio], [lazy person turns over] and [head stop]. [Collapse board] includes [big collapse board], [second collapse board], [middle collapse board], [quick collapse board], [first column], [third column], [slow and proud collapse board], [long column], [pile head collapse board] and [crying].
Third, the person in charge of the board of directors and the basic door.
The way to lift the head of Adagio through the door is different, because the bronze ware of the head is different. There are four kinds of traditional board heads: three rings, big beginning, second beginning and lazy turning over. There are joyful sounds and bitter sounds when you enter the door. Among them, "three rings" is the most commonly used. "Three Rings" consists of three phrases, and there are nine boards besides the introduction of the rhythm of scattered boards. Because of different speeds, different bands and different players, especially the main instrument (banhu) players, the same "three rings" have different playing styles (flowers), and their basic skeleton, beat and duration are the same. Among them, there are single-fingered flowers, multiple-fingered flowers and thin-fingered flowers. "Sanhuan" can be a complete form or a segmented form: for example, it belongs to a complete "Sanhuan" in terms of "one guarantee"; [Ann class block], the door from its body in the first quarter; The "falling board" and "stopping the head" started from the second beat of the second bar, but in the past 30 years, they started from the third beat of the second bar; [Two anti-collapse boards], [bitter cavity collapse board] and [eight pigeons bathing] all started from the third beat in the third quarter. In the traditional adagio of the old program, the door at the end of the upper and lower aria sentences is followed by the [three-ring] door, so the "three-ring" is both the door of adagio and the door between aria sentences. "Bitter Sound Begins with Big Mouth" has slow speech speed, slightly long melody, rigid melody, deep artistic conception and rich internal expressive force. The melody of "Happy Sounds at the Beginning" is natural and unrestrained, lyrical and smooth, which is simply the difference between one thought and three eyes. The melody of "Two Beginnings" has a strong national classical charm and is slow. It can be divided into "joyful sound" and "bitter sound", which are mostly used for the memories, thoughts and doubts of positive characters in traditional dramas. Its structure is rigorous, its melody is strong, and its body tone is one board with three eyes. The lazy man turns over can also be divided into "joyful sound" and "bitter sound", and the tune is two bars, that is, the middle eye rises and the head falls to save time and sing fast.
Fourth, adagio singing.
1, sing tight
It is a special and typical singing method, and its tight opening is the first cavity of adagio singing, that is, the first three words are sung continuously, while the rhythm and duration are relatively free. This kind of singing is often used at the beginning of a drama or in the first cavity of an important aria, and has the characteristics of passion and chanting. Different from tight singing, it is slow opening, long melody structure and meticulous expression.
Step 2 stop your head
Adagio allegro. The stop head or tight stop head is different from the printing plate speed. Usually just sing an adagio, and then turn the board. For example, when singing two or more adagios, the rules are the same as those of the general adagio, but the tune is simple, the speed is relatively fast, and it is passionate and powerful. The plate rhythm of this singing method has a typical dramatic color. Sometimes the next sentence can also be sung as stop board. Due to the different start-up modes, there are [first stop], [slow stop], [long stop] and [stacking stop].
Step 3 lay boards
Because it is sung in adagio, it is called "adagio". (also known as "flash board"). Laying the board refers to changing the basic rules of adagio cavity sentences, making some cavity nodes change the relationship between strength and weakness, omitting the door, and making the upper and lower sentences form a chorus. Often inserted into adagio sentences, it cannot be an independent aria. Sometimes you can sing a few words in a row and turn it into a [26] disc. This kind of singing is especially common in traditional drama. For example, in "Putting Rice", Zhu sang "Marshal Guo pulled out a strong man in front of my house".
4. Sun visor
Its vocal structure, beat, sentence-starting and cavity-falling rules are the same as those of Adagio. The difference is that the melody is performed in the bass area, and the mood is very miserable and weak. This kind of singing is only used when the characters in the play are dying or coming back from the dead. The clitoris has only a bitter voice. In adagio, this adagio, which sings with a negative board, is mostly used for horns and horns. Such as the aria of Wang's wife before she died in Revenge of Blood and Tears.
5, typhoid fever
It is also an adagio with a deep melody. Generally similar to the negative plate, but with different purposes. The typhoid tune is mainly used by the characters in the play when they are sick, injured, faint, lazy, extremely sad and regretful. Such as Zhuge Liang's "Huluyu Sacrifice Lamp".
5. Sentence structure and singing pause.
The formation of aria structure is related to the formation of plate variation aria. The sentence patterns of adagio are very diverse. Generally speaking, the paragraphs of adagio are composed of symmetrical overlapping sentences. The main determinant of sentence structure type is the word position and melody type of sentence, that is, the first two sentences of adagio are the core of the whole adagio structure, while the third and fourth sentences of adagio are the changes of the first two sentences. The lyrics of Adagio are based on the cross and seven sentences, each sentence has four cavities. The changes of the first cavity and the third cavity in the previous sentence are diverse, and the stop sound at the end of the cavity is also different (because of different occupations). The sentence endings in adagio with bitter sounds can fall on the equal tones of 5, ↓ 7, 1, 2 and 4; The sentence endings in adagio can be reduced to 5,6, 1, 2,3. Sometimes it falls on the seventh note. The basic rules of adagio four-cavity singing in ten-Yu sentences and seven-character sentences: the first sentence is "zhong, zhong, ban, tou", and the second sentence is "zhong, ban, zhong, tou".
Sixth, Adagio enters the door
Passing the door is an important part of singing. In addition to the strict rhythm, all the doors in the adagio also play the role of prelude, guidance, interlude, cohesion, contrast, bedding, interlude, buffer, posturing and connecting the preceding with the following. The adagio door includes the door at the beginning of the board, the door between cavities, the door between sentences, the door at the end of the board, the door at the rotating board, the door at the rest board and the door between boards. Passing the door between sentences is the tune after singing the next sentence. Passing through the door between chambers is to pass through the door after singing a sentence. The door at the end of the board is only used for flexible board alignment. When the rotating plate passes through the door, the upper plate passes through the door. In short, all the door-crossing modes are very strong. Even the same door will change for various reasons. For example, when the plot is tense, the speed becomes faster and the door is generally simple and short; Slow and lyrical singing is usually complicated and long when entering the door. High-melody vocals are decorated with high-melody doorways, while low-melody vocals are generally flavored with low-melody doorways, but not absolutely. For example, fast singing sometimes needs to rush through the door to strengthen its enthusiasm and tension; Slow singing sometimes requires notes to pass through the door to show its stretch or sadness. Singing high and low will produce ups and downs, and singing high and low will make the plot excited or excited. Singing slowly through the door can push the rhythm up and enhance the atmosphere; Fast singing develops progressive drama content by stepping into the door at a slower speed. As a general rule, no matter you go through the door, tunes and chants will fall down. Doors in one location cannot be moved to other locations. Some doors can be omitted because of the need of the plot. Some passes, such as the basic pass (three rings), can be added after the pass between the upper and lower sentences, which is more common in the traditional adagio sung by artists before the founding of the People's Republic of China. All these aspects, including going through the door in the colorful cavity, are dramatic musical means.
Seven. Rotating plate
From the flexible board to the board, that is, from the flexible board to the [board 26], it is called the "upper board". The upper plate has an upper sentence turntable and a lower sentence turntable. In the last sentence, the switchboard usually starts from the second cavity of the first, third, fifth and seventh sentences, and the speed is accelerated. At the end of the sentence or the last two words of the fourth chamber, the switch board begins to turn and the board passes through the door.
Eight, falling plate
There are "even board", "reserved board", "rest board" and "yellow board" in the flexible board.
1, embedded board
Also known as slow breath. Also called chopping block, end plate and lifting plate. The last sentence (the second sentence) of the so-called slow alignment is the adagio, which changes the basic line cavity method with the structure of a board with three eyes, that is, a method to successfully end the aria with the method of the middle board head. There are four slow sentences, six or eight slow sentences in the traditional repertoire of Shaanxi Opera. Divide the sounds of joy and pain equally.
Step 2 leave the board of directors
Referred to as slow treatment. This is a common form of pause or drop in flexible board. It must stay at the end of the whole aria. That is, change the melody of the first cavity of the last sentence, turn to the rhythm board, and then adagio "swim the strings"; However, sometimes, instead of changing the first cavity, you can directly turn the singing board, and then you can turn to other boards or pick up percussion. Adagio can also be divided into joyful sound and bitter sound. "Idle string" is also called "resting the board and passing the door". It's a variation of the "Three Rings", a beat with three eyes. When you need to sing, you can pick up the Sanhuan and sing again at any time. The "chord progression" of adagio is called "adagio", and its positive pole is as follows: (omitted)
Step 3 take a break
The rest of the adagio is called a slow rest. Distinguish between pleasure and pain. Its purpose is the same as "slow retention board". Its singing can rest up and down, keeping the normal progress of 4/4 beats. In the last sentence, all the voices fall on the fifth note, and the four-bar introduction tune is changed to "rest the board and go through the door" (that is, swim the strings). When the next sentence is broken, you must play the first half of the next sentence, and then turn to the "rest board" to pass.
4. Yellow cardboard
It is called "Yellow Board" to make adagio and percussion perfect.
Nine, color cavity
Adagio color cavity plays an important role in each color cavity of Shaanxi Opera. There are many kinds of them, each with independent, complete and typical artistic characteristics. Its form is mainly to insert colorful melodies into the adagio. The melody of coloratura is the development of the original aria or the addition of new materials. There are also "happy voices" and "bitter voices". There are "hemp soles", "thirteen cavities" and "Yin Huan three-ring cavities" (that is, "hard three-part water"); Bitter color mixing cavity includes "having fun in suffering", "three-ring cavity of bitter tone" (namely "soft three-water", referred to as "soft three-cavity") and "crying cavity" (also called "three-pull cavity"). Passing the door in a colorful cavity is a dramatic musical means. Adagio coloratura is mostly used in traditional Chinese opera. For example, the aria of Shang Feiqiong in "White Jade" and the aria of "Bee Rice" all use "hemp soles"; Tang Junrui's aria in "Playing Golden Branches" uses "thirteen tones"; Sun Shangxiang's aria in "Lv Mengzheng Drive Fast" and "Back to Jingzhou" uses "hard three points of water"; "Taking pains and having fun" is used in Su San's aria, Bai Yunxian's aria, Wang Baochuan's aria and Chen Xingyuan's aria. The duet "Chop Qin Ying" and the aria of Li Yangui in "Foal of Fire" use "Kuqiang"; "Soft Sanshui" is used in the aria of Chen Xun, The Poor Man is Going to Jump in the Pool, and The Excited Friend.
It belongs to a board without eyes, that is, the board is mostly used to express the emotional state of the characters in the tense drama conflict. There are many forms of ribbon board, such as slow ribbon board, tight ribbon board, slow double ribbon board and tight seven ribbon board. There are "happy sounds" and "bitter sounds" respectively. The board head and the door have a strict beat. Percussion is accompanied by double drums. Belt plate has a wide range of uses, it is not only an independent plate, but also can be connected with other plates. This plate is often used at the end of a long aria, pushing the mood to a climax. This method has many names because of the changes in the rhythm and speed of the band and the different methods of hitting.
-Lift the board and pass the board head through the door.
There are two types of boards. One is the "wave", which includes all kinds of "wave boards" and all kinds of "three boards", such as "wave boards", "slow seven boards", "double two boards" and "slow seven boards". Second, direct seven-bar lifting board (that is, hard lifting): such as [seven-bar tightening board] and [seven-bar tightening handle]. There is only one sentence for the board head with board, all of which are seven boards, which are changed from the basic door of [26 board].
Second, sing with the board.
There are [slow ribbon board], [tight ribbon board], [double pestle board] and [tight laminated board].
1, slow ribbon plate
It belongs to the form of tight playing and slow singing. Singing is divided into upper and lower sentences, which is more free and flexible, and is not limited by fixed beats. They all record music with scattered boards.
2. Tighten the belt plate
Commonly known as "third-rate son", it belongs to the form of tight playing and slow singing. It is equivalent to 1/8 beats, and the singing is divided into upper and lower sentences, which is relatively free, but the singing at will has certain rules. It can show the intense emotions and atmosphere of the characters in the play.
3. Double pestle board
Also known as [slow double pestle], [slow laminated board] or [double pestle belt board], referred to as [double pestle]. It's 1/4 beat, its disk rhythm is regular, it has a certain format rhythm pattern, and its singing regularity is very strong. Its mood and atmosphere are the same as adagio. This plate is an independent plate. It can also be transferred from [26 board] to other boards. Cross-sentence aria has two cavities in each sentence, and both cavities are sung on the red bang; But in the seven-character aria, the first cavity is red and the second cavity is black.
4. Closely stacked plates
Commonly known as [Ding Board]. The rhythm of the board is rigorous, which is equivalent to 1/8 or116 beats. The aria is divided into two sentences, and its aria highlights the lyrics, so it is rap-like, so the melody of the aria is monotonous. This kind of disc is generally used when dramatic contradictions are sharp and fierce, when two people sing in pairs or solo. Can fully show strong and tense emotions and atmosphere. This board can also be transferred from [double pestle belt board].
Step 5 have a drink
Limited to bitter sounds, it is a typical rhythmic aria, and it is also a kind of "calling the head". It is led out by the belt plate. It is often used to shout people, heaven and earth to express the extreme pain and anger of the character. Drinking venues are divided into one drink, two drinks and three drinks due to different plots. At the same time, there is a percussion mat between sentences, and the singing of the three drinks has changed.
Third, the door and stop.
The basic intersection between "slow ribbon board" and "slow double ribbon board" is the intersection of the board head and the sentence. The basic door with plate is formed by compressing two or six basic doors. The basic passes of 【 Tight Band Board 】 and 【 Stacking Board 】 are the compression of 【 Slow Band Board 】 and 【 Slow Double Band Board 】, which is 1/8 beats. Whether it's "slow board", "double board", "tight board" or "tight board", the door between the previous sentences is seven boards, but the tempo is different. What sound is lost in the singing, what sound is lost when you pass the door between sentences. The last sentence is generally lowered by 2 tones, and sometimes by 4 tones. The above sentences are generally dropped by two tones, sometimes by three tones, and their faces are often used for painting. 5 notes or 5 notes when singing between sentences; However, the falling tone of the third sentence has changed, and its happy tone can be reduced by 6 or1; Bitter tone can be reduced by 1 or 4 tones. 【 Bitter-tone double pestle board 】 The previous sentence can drop 7 tones, and the next sentence can drop 5 tones, but sometimes the next sentence can drop 7 tones.
Fourth, rotate the disk.
The belt transfer plate is particularly flexible and convenient, and only needs to change the connection rhythm of its plate, that is, various belts can be transferred to each other at will; At the same time, it can be connected to other plates, and it can be collected with it, which is more free.
Five, falling plate
Slab falling with plate is divided into flush plate, baffle plate, rest plate, smashing plate and yellow plate. This sentence pattern is the same as that of [Er Liu Ban]. If you drop the board by singing in a random way, it is generally not called leaving the board, just like the method of leaving the board. The intersection of the door and the board is the contraction of the intersection of the door and the board, that is, the rhythm is doubled. The smashing board with board can be used after singing, and it is connected with the bronze ware with board. Yellow board with board is the same as [26] yellow board, but it is faster.
Six, color cavity
The colored cavity with board is "drinking cavity", which sings two tones. Generally used for young students and students with beards.
Arrow board (also known as "sharp board" and "pad"). It is developed from the band board and is a form of rhythm. Bantoudu and percussion are organically coordinated and played at the same time, and percussion mats and clauses are used at the end of each sentence. Although the accompaniment and singing risks have certain formats, they have no rhyme, and the bangzi in the cavity is more free and regular. There are [tight arrow board], [slow arrow board], chop sound, bitter sound and various sentence patterns. It is often used to express the passion and lyricism of all kinds of characters in the play, and it can be freely expressed according to the needs of the plot, and is not limited by the beat and time value. An arrow board used in alfalfa collection can often arouse and inspire. The singing method of the arrow board is flexible and free, with seven sentences, seven sentences and five sentences, and you can sing a few sentences in succession. The arrow board in the 1930s was simple in melody and relatively free. With the continuous development of Shaanxi opera music, the melody of the arrow board is gradually standardized, which means that the flower play is from simple to complex, but the basic framework remains unchanged. Example: (omitted)
-Slow arrow board
Also known as "big arrow board". Slow speed and long beating of gongs and drums are used to express passionate feelings.
Second, the tight arrow board
Also known as "fast arrow board" and "half arrow board". Its speed is faster, beating gongs and drums is slightly shorter, and it is mostly used to express intense feelings.
Third, the arrow is on the string.
The method of ending the aria with a specific gong and drum after singing the arrow board (the last sentence). This particular point of gongs and drums is called "empty spring". Commonly known as "Xunzi".
Fourthly, the cavity of the arrow head
That is, falsetto singing is used in a certain aria of the arrow board. For example, in 1934, the Qin Opera record "Walking through the Snow" recorded by EMI was sung by an old artist and Luo, in which the word "Chuang" in Cao's aria "Bitter Arrow Board" and "Master and Servant Both Rush Out" was dragged by two sounds (falsetto).
Fifth, the big board belongs to the color cavity of the arrow board. The color cavity of the lifting plate is the "lifting plate head". This is a unique variant of the arrow board. Only a bitter voice. This cavity is mostly used in the first sentence of a long aria. Getting up and going through the door is the same as rolling a board, and singing is similar to an arrow board. Free beat, each sentence is lined with a percussion pad, which is divided into three cavities. "Notes on Shaanxi Opera" said that "the initial board system has no board and no eyes, and the degree is fixed. When you are afraid of sadness, you can sing it in the curtain, which is also a rule. " This song is widely used in traditional dramas, such as Women's Iron Child, Men's Iron Child, Waist Iron Child, Rolling the Dragon Bed, Snatching the Board, Reviewing Su San and so on. There are also "starting with the board and ending with the tail" and "the meaning of drunkenness is not in the wine, which is frightening".
Erdaoban is a single sentence, as an introduction or a transitional sentence between plates, which belongs to the auxiliary plate in Qin Opera. It was changed from [board 26]. "Second flip" includes "slow second flip", "tight second flip" and "sequential second flip" (color cavity). Its melody is both joyful and bitter. Slow flip is 2/4 notation; The fast two-flip board is 1/4 notation, both of which belong to eyeless board. There is only one kind of beating gongs and drums, crossing the door with the head of a board, and twelve boards. Whether it is a cross sentence or a seven-character sentence, it is two cavities. The first cavity has a traction cavity, and the second cavity leads to other plates.
Coil board is a special kind of loose board without board and eyes. There are only bitter sounds, and the aria is full of singing, reciting, reciting and singing. Can fully express the extreme grief, pain, crying, crying and other emotions of the characters. There are two kinds of rolled plates: [rolled plate] and [rolled white]. There is a certain beat pattern when the board head passes through the door, and its speed gradually increases from slow to fast, and the board is lifted in "three steps" (tapping).
First, roll the plate
The lyrics have relatively neat upper and lower sentences, each sentence is five words, and four or six sentences are a paragraph. Its singing is melodious, which is divided into tight and slow. It can be connected with other plates. It is common to call it a challenge disc after the rolling disc is sung, and then go to other discs. If it is not connected with other plates, end the singing with a hammer.
Secondly, white rolling is a musical cry board. The form of singing is singing white, which shows the feelings of the characters in the play when they are desperate and helpless. It's a prose sentence, with free-singing sentences and sentence patterns, and there are no fixed words in the lyrics.