The main contents are as follows: 1. The difference between criminals and non-criminals lies in many physiological and psychological abnormalities. 2. Criminals are a variety of human beings, an anthropological type and a degenerate phenomenon. 3. Criminals are an atavism, a primitive type that degenerates to a lower level. 4. Criminal behavior is hereditary and comes from criminal talent.
Longbroiling describes the characteristics of natural criminals as follows: 1. Physiological characteristics: flat forehead, prominent brain, raised eyebrow bone, sunken eye socket, huge jaw and cheekbone; Irregular dentition, large or small ears, uneven skull and face, strabismus, abnormal fingers, insufficient body hair, etc. 2. Mental characteristics: lack of pain and keen vision; Gender characteristics are not obvious; Extremely lazy, without shame and sympathy, morbid vanity and easily angered; Superstitions, such as tattoos, are used to express meaning by gestures.
I think the theory of natural criminals has its rationality and shortcomings, and we should analyze and treat the problem from a specific historical perspective.
Disadvantages:
1. It is obviously unreasonable for Lombrosr to simply blame the crime on human heredity and variation. Long believes that parents transmit biological characteristics to the next generation through genes, so crimes can also be transmitted through genes. In my opinion, looks are related to genes, and genes are also related to personality. Some violent people are indeed more likely to commit some violent crimes. But it can't be said that people with this personality must be born criminals. Whether a person commits a crime is influenced by many factors, both innate and acquired. For example, people's physical and psychological conditions, natural and social factors and so on. Although Long also considered some acquired factors in his later works, he called it the fall of human nature. But this situation is still considered as genetic variation, so it is a very one-sided theory on the whole. It believes that all crimes can be explained by observation and experiment, which simplifies the complex crime problem and does not further reveal the root of crime.
2. About the physical and mental characteristics of natural criminals summarized by Long, some of them have certain basis, such as extreme laziness, no sense of shame and sympathy, squinting and so on. However, these factors can only be used as a reference for whether it is easier to commit crimes, rather than a sufficient condition for committing crimes. You can't say that this person is easily angry, and others are born criminals, but on the other hand, there may be such an irritable person among criminals.