Financial industry refers to banks and related fund cooperatives, as well as insurance industry. Except for industrial economic activities, all other economic-related activities are financial industry. Financial industry refers to a special industry dealing in financial commodities, including banking, insurance, trust, securities and leasing.
Finance is a discipline that studies value judgments and laws. It mainly includes traditional financial theory and evolutionary financial theory. Mankind has entered the financial age and society. So finance is everywhere, forming a huge system. The scope, branches and contents of finance are very extensive, such as currency, securities, banking, insurance, capital market, derivative securities, investment and wealth management, various funds (private placement and public offering), balance of payments, financial management, trade finance, real estate finance, foreign exchange management, risk management and so on. The trend of interdisciplinary and innovative development in the financial field is very obvious, and many striking new frontier disciplines have emerged. For example, evolutionary finance is a frontier science between biology and finance, while evolutionary securities is a frontier discipline between biology and securities.
On the one hand, monopoly means that the financial industry is strictly controlled by the government, and no unit or individual may set up financial institutions at will without the approval of the central bank; On the other hand, it refers to the relative monopoly of specific financial business. Credit business is mainly concentrated in the four major commercial banks, securities business is mainly concentrated in national securities companies such as Cathay Pacific, Huaxia and Nanfang, and insurance business is mainly concentrated in PICC, Ping An and Pacific Insurance.