First, the method of doubt.
Refine the argument according to the questioning idea of "what-why-how".
For example, writing a composition on the topic of talking about etiquette can be designed in this way: ① Etiquette is a virtue, a cultured and perfect temperament and style (what is it); 2 Being gracious can earn respect from others, enhance the love between people, and help you live in harmony (why); (3) To be graceful, we must strengthen the cultivation of moral sentiments, abandon vulgar words and deeds, and consciously cultivate good manners (how).
Of course, we don't have to explain all three issues clearly in the same article, but we can choose our own handy parts and discuss them from different angles.
(A) decomposition of "what"
Decompose the central argument from the perspective of essential attributes.
For example, reading is a kind of loneliness:
Reading is an environmental loneliness;
Reading is a psychological loneliness;
Reading is a kind of spiritual loneliness;
(B) decomposition of "why"
This is a causal decomposition, in which "cause" refers to the secondary argument and "effect" refers to the central argument. After establishing the central argument, we will analyze the reasons for this result.
For example, with the topic "Help is a blooming flower":
Help is a blooming flower that ignites the hope of life;
Help is a blooming flower with the fragrance of youth;
Help is a blooming flower, which carries the glory of the cause.
(C) decomposition of "how to do"
It is to decompose the argument from the perspective of solving problems.
For example, with the title "Love, Deliver with Heart":
Please smile, be bright-eyed and convey your love with sincerity;
Please say a polite word, relax and let go, and convey the feelings of love with tolerance;
Please reach out your hands, warm your heart and help send the signal of love.
Second, the dialectical analysis method
It includes two aspects: ① the positive and negative comparative analysis of the central argument, and ② the analysis of the split of the central argument.
① Comparative analysis shows that everything is the unity of opposites, and correct views and practices have opposing views and practices. When writing an argumentative essay, if we can compare two diametrically opposite viewpoints and practices together and establish a comparative argument, we will certainly be able to better demonstrate the credibility of the correct viewpoint and expose the absurdity of the wrong viewpoint.
For example, proving that "practice makes true knowledge" can be demonstrated from two aspects: a, only through practice can we understand things and grasp the law of development of things; B, don't participate in practice, don't proceed from reality, behind closed doors, you can't find the key to solve the problem. This can further clarify the view that "practice makes true knowledge".
(2) the analysis of split into two.
For example, the argument that "adversity is not the key to success" should be analyzed from two aspects: a. adversity can cultivate talents, which has been proved by many facts at all times and in all countries; B, not all adversity can make talents. These two arguments seem to be contradictory, but they are all unified under the general point of "whether adversity can make talents"
Third, the conditional analysis method
The central argument here refers to the result, while the sub-argument refers to the "conditions" to meet the result.
For example, to demonstrate "striving to be a cross-century successor", we can adopt the method of conditional analysis of this topic. First imagine, "What conditions do you need to be a cross-century successor?" In this way, we can get the following three arguments: ① determination to serve the motherland, ② excellent skills and ③ good psychological quality.
Now, we know the basic method of setting sub-parameters. Next, let's talk about how to present the sub-argument better, that is, the form of the sub-argument.
First, this poem is presented.
It is to expand the argument in the form of a few targeted poems or famous sayings. The poetic method is more suitable for candidates with certain literary accumulation. In the specific application, the selected poems should be suitable for the specific content of the article, or skillfully transition to make the poems related to the meaning of the article, and the two should never be separated.
Second, rhetorical presentation.
Rhetorical decomposition is to decompose the central argument by means of metaphor, analogy and other rhetorical means.
Metaphorically. Using metaphor to turn abstraction into image, the argument is not directly expressed, but intuitively expressed by metaphor, which makes the article rich in language and profound in meaning.
For example, take "education is an art" as the topic, and break down the argument as follows:
Education is a navigation mark;
Education is a star;
Education is an oar.
Here is another good way to draw up figurative sentences: First, throw away the noumenon (such as Chinese) and set up some familiar metaphors (such as ball games, movies, pop songs, etc.). ), and then connect metaphor with ontology. For example, Chinese is a wonderful football match, which makes me completely relaxed after finishing boring math and physics; Chinese is a classic movie, beautiful and meaningful, which makes me memorable; Chinese is a beautiful pop song, flowing in my heart forever and so on.
(2) Analogical decomposition. Mobilize imaginative thinking, adopt rhetorical devices of personification and imitation, decompose the central argument, and pursue the interest of visualization and reasoning.
For example, take "flying under the influence of love" as the topic, so as to decompose the argument:
If you love me, don't hold me too tightly.
(Swear to the world by the mouth of "pupa") Don't cut the shackles around me with scissors and let me suffer.
Editor: Heart Table