Reciting method 1. To understand the mnemonic method, we should recite it on the basis of preliminary understanding. The deeper you understand, the easier it is to remember and recite. Reciting the text should try to use meaningful memory, that is, strengthen understanding and memory. We should oppose the learning method of reading without asking for much understanding. What we call rote learning is not only difficult to remember, but also will be forgotten in a short time. When reciting an article or a paragraph, we should first read through the whole text to find out the main idea of the article, then understand the level and context of the article, grasp the language characteristics of the article and master some related words and sentences. Analyze and synthesize first, and it will be much faster to recite. Recitation should also be based on the text, such as reciting argumentative essays, which can start with analyzing arguments, arguments and arguments; Reciting narratives can start with understanding and mastering relevant facts and narrative order. 2. Fast reading recitation is the result of being familiar with written materials on the basis of reading aloud and reading silently. After you have a preliminary understanding of the article, you should read it again and again from the beginning, and then read it silently again and again. Only by reading carefully can we deepen our understanding and become a hymn. Experiments show that continuous slow reading is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also interrupts memory signals; On the contrary, after reading the text, gradually speeding up the reading speed can form a coherent signal stimulus in the cerebral cortex, thus strengthening the memory effect and improving the reciting speed. 3. The outline led the French ancients to say, "Give an outline and open your eyes." The outline of the article is the context of the article, and the context of the article reflects the author's writing ideas. Therefore, when reciting the text, we must follow the author's writing ideas and writing order, from sentence to paragraph, from paragraph to article, from front to back, from top to bottom, closely linked and continuous. This way, you can not only recite quickly, but also remember well. As long as we read, think and recite according to the author's writing ideas and writing order, it won't be too difficult to recite. 4. Seeking common ground while reserving differences Some poems have the characteristics of "linking chapters", and the sentences in each chapter (paragraph) are basically the same. Therefore, after reciting the first chapter (paragraph), we only need to find out the different sentences in the remaining chapters (paragraphs) and memorize them according to the rules. 5. Related words hint method Related words can not only reflect the relationship between complex sentences and sentence groups, but also reflect the internal connection of argumentative writing. Some people say that related words are the language track of argumentative writing. Therefore, mastering the "language track" of related words in time is of great help to recite argumentative papers. For example, in Liang Qichao's On young chinese, there is such a passage: "It is not far from the day of parting with this world, and my youth is new and attached to the world. If all the teenagers in the country are investigated as teenagers, then China is the country of the future, and the progress cannot be measured; If the youth of the whole country is the boss, then China is the country of the past, and its death can be postponed. Therefore, today's responsibility lies not in others, but in my youth. " This passage contains the related words "... and ... make ... then ... make ... then ... so ... and ..." The word "and" in the first sentence connects two clauses, indicating a coordinate relationship; In the second sentence, "make … then … make … then" constitutes two pairs of related words, which respectively represent the hypothetical relationship; The "cause" in the third sentence connects the upper and lower sentences, indicating causality; "Er" connects two clauses, indicating a coordinate relationship. As long as we grasp these related words, find out the relationship they represent, recite while thinking and connect the sentences, it is not difficult to recite this passage. 6. The texts required to be recited in rhetoric textbooks are all masterpieces, and masterpieces have their own uniqueness in the use of rhetoric. Therefore, starting with the figures of speech used in reciting the text and using the way of up and down, we can often get unexpected reciting results. For example, there is a passage in the recitation of the text of "Stomatology". First, the parallelism sentence "100,000 ... 100,000 ... sounds" is used, and then the sentence "human hands, human hands ..." is used. It involves ... human mouth, mouth ... tongue ... So it is not too difficult for us to recite this passage as long as we compare it sentence by sentence according to the sentence characteristics of this figure of speech used by the author. 7. Listening to the recording and reciting method Physiologists believe that letting vision and hearing participate in memory together can improve the memory effect by 30%-40% compared with using vision and hearing alone. This memory method is called "cooperative memory method". According to this theory, when practicing reciting, you can play the recording of the text properly, so that students can listen to the recording while reading the text, thus forming a two-way stimulation of memory information and strengthening the memory effect. 8. Interesting Recitation Method When students practice reciting to a certain extent, in order to further strengthen their memory and eliminate the monotony and fatigue caused by continuous reciting, according to the principle of "entertaining through education", there is no harm in adopting the following methods to improve students' interest in reciting: ① Recitation method of "singing against songs". That is, imitating the way of "duet" in mountainous areas or some fraternal peoples, two students, A and B, each recite one sentence in turn; (2) The recitation method of "relay race", which imitates the way of relay race in sports, consists of three students, each with a sentence, which is passed up and down and repeated; (3) The "pyramid-shaped" recitation method is to imitate the "pyramid-shaped" method of acrobats. The first person recites the first sentence, and the second person recites two or three sentences, and each person increments one sentence in turn until the recitation is completed. The above methods are not only interesting, but also involve a wide range, which can enhance students' group consciousness. You might as well try them. 9. Hierarchical reciting comprehension is the premise and foundation of memory. Hierarchical recitation method is to understand the general meaning of the recitation part first, then divide it into several levels, summarize the meaning of each level, understand the internal relationship between each level, sort out the ideas and connect the meanings of each level. On this basis, repeat it several times, and you can recite it quickly. This method is suitable for reciting paragraphs or essays. For example, in the text "In order to learn", we should first pay attention to clearing our thinking, dividing levels and finding connections. The full text can be divided into three paragraphs. The first paragraph is the first paragraph, which puts forward the viewpoint of the whole paper: it is really difficult for people to study, but as long as they study hard, they can become difficult and easy. To remember this paragraph, it is necessary to clarify its main points, clarify the reasoning process from general things to specific things, and grasp the writing characteristics of contrast. The second to sixth natural segments are the second largest segment, and the example of "Sangnan Sea" proves the above viewpoint. The first sentence of the second paragraph is the first floor, indicating the location and people; The sixth natural paragraph is the third layer, explaining the results; The dialogue between the two rich and poor monks in the middle is the second level. The last paragraph is the third paragraph, which summarizes the full text and encourages the younger generation to learn from the poor monks, set up lofty aspirations and work hard for the poor monks. The former sentence is a link between the preceding and the following sentence; The last sentence follows the above and asks the question clearly. Sort it out and read it a few times, so it's easy to recite. 10. Chart recitation is an intuitive and simplified expression. In this way, we should first design the structure of reciting chapters into a chart with the main words (preferably the original text) (or with the help of the teacher's blackboard), then read it several times against the chart, and then try to recite it according to the chart, so that we can recite it quickly. Auxiliary recitation refers to the use of some guiding language symbols to help memory. For example, the two poems in The Book of Songs, Ge Tan and Shuo Shu, both adopt the form of repeating chapters and chanting. Only a few words in the rhyme of each chapter have changed, and the rest remain unchanged. Therefore, as long as you recite a chapter and recite rhyming words, the article will be recited. In the article "A clever woman can't cook without rice", we can recite the text with phrases: all the cows are in front of us-all the cows are in front of us-God meets all the cows-handy-skilled-praising and guiding-staring-full of ambition. Qu Yuan's poem "River-related" can be sorted out by the route of "River-related": expressing ideals-crossing Xiaoxiang-going to Shui Yuan-entering Xupu-recalling history-and writing a chaotic chapter. Such as text clues, plot development, character sequence, logical trajectory, time lapse, place change, spatial orientation, guiding language, etc. Can be used as symbols and assistants for reciting. It's like traveling. With a guide or a guide map, you can travel quickly and well and feel relaxed and happy. 12. Recite the text as a whole and repeat it from beginning to end. Advantages are coherent context and deeper understanding. The disadvantage is that there is too much content and it is easy to get tired. 13. Whole recitation, as the name implies, is an organic combination of whole recitation and hierarchical recitation. The advantage is that it takes the advantages of its whole recitation and hierarchical recitation, eliminates its shortcomings, develops its strengths and avoids its weaknesses, and conforms to the cognitive law of whole-part-whole. Reciting long poems is often the first easy-to-remember part, that is, the psychological "initial effect"; The middle part is often forgotten, that is, the "cosco effect" in psychology. Therefore, when using this method, we should strengthen the "cosco effect", improve the review rate and form a strong stimulus. 14. Try to recite. On the basis of in-depth understanding, read it several times, close the book and try to recite it: see where it is easy to recite, where it is difficult to recite, where it will be recited, and where it will not be recited. Read the places that are difficult to recite, read the places that cannot be recited, and read them carefully until you can recite them. This trinity method of understanding, reading and reciting is much more efficient than mechanical reciting over and over again. 15. The first step of the "three-step memorization method" is to grasp the main idea of the article and memorize it with your brain. Step two, close your eyes and remember it. When you really can't remember, just "peek". The third step is to repeat quickly and read many times. 16. "Five Repetition Method" In order to make the recited text unforgettable for a long time, some teachers adopt this method, that is, when reading in the morning, they recite what they recited in class yesterday. This is the first repetition. The second answer is the third repetition after each unit, which means reciting the text from the previous unit again. The fourth and fifth repetitions are mainly combined with mid-term and final review. 1: Interest is the best way to cultivate interest. 2. Reading is the key to wisdom-Jewish spiritual wealth. 3. You are formed by your past accumulation, and your success is your past accumulation, so you should pay attention to accumulation and develop a correct thinking mode. Only by attaching importance to accumulation can we succeed. 4 empty cup mentality: for example, children's mentality, that is, maintaining a curiosity. One way to learn is to imitate others' behavior. It is absolutely important to copy the good habits of people who study well and the successful summary of celebrities. Although everyone has methods, they can also learn from them. 17. The first step of "color memory method" is to color the new words in each text. Colors can make you remember better, so it's better to use multiple colors. The learning method is to edit the timetable of scientific research in this section. First of all, you should know what to do in a week, and then make a timetable. Fill in the necessary time on the form, such as eating, sleeping, attending classes, having fun, etc. After arranging these hours, choose appropriate fixed time to study, leaving enough time to complete normal reading and homework. Of course, learning should not take up all the free time on the schedule, but always set aside some time for rest, hobbies and entertainment, which is very important for learning. The timetable may not solve all your problems, but it can let you know how to spend this week and give you enough time to study and have fun. Learn to preview, that is, before you seriously engage in learning, you should quickly browse what you want to learn and understand the general content and structure of new knowledge [1], so as to understand and digest the learning content in time. Of course, we should pay attention to the details. We can spend less time in less important places and slow down the learning progress in important places. Several problems to pay attention to in preview 1) Reading, thinking, asking questions and memorizing should be carried out simultaneously in preview. You can read as much as possible in the textbook. You don't need to fully understand it, and you don't need to delve into the problem. You just need to mark different symbols with a pen. Write down the questions you don't understand as the focus of the class. But you must know what you have learned and the small problems that the teacher can't tell, so as to eliminate the "obstacles". 2) If you didn't have the habit of previewing before, now you want to change your method, preview before class, wait until you taste the sweetness and accumulate experience, and then improve your preview level. 3) Preview should be carried out after the homework is completed on the same day. Don't be busy previewing before you finish your study tasks every day, which will disrupt the normal learning order. 4) Students with poor learning don't preview before class, so they can't understand in class. After class, they still need to spend a lot of time filling in the blanks and doing their homework. They are so busy all day that they can't find time to preview. In fact, the fundamental reason for such poor students is that they do not preview. Learning consists of preview, class, review and homework. Insufficient preview will affect the smooth progress of the following links. These students must be prepared to suffer more in the short term. After finishing your daily study tasks, you should arrange some time for preview. Although it takes time, I can understand it in class, which reduces the time wasted because I don't understand it in class. At the same time, it can also reduce the time of sorting, digesting and homework after class. After a long time, normal operation will change the passive situation of learning, and there is no need to work overtime anymore. Benefits of preview 1) You can find the weak links in your knowledge, and make up this knowledge before class, so as not to make it a stumbling block when listening to lectures. In this way, new knowledge will be understood smoothly. 2) It is beneficial to listen to the teacher's ideas in class. Strong selectivity to the teaching content. Clear what knowledge should be put into the main energy to strengthen understanding and digestion; Where to take notes, be conscious. 3) Preview helps to find out the key points and difficulties, and is convenient for attending lectures and asking questions with questions. Focus on the difficult points. This is easy to solve doubts, sounds relaxed and tasteful, thinks smoothly and actively, and has a good learning effect. 4) Preview can improve the level of note-taking. Because of the preview before class, the content and blackboard writing are very clear to me. In class, you can not write down or write down the contents of the book, but focus on the contents that are not in the book or that you are not clear about, as well as the key issues that the teacher reminds you repeatedly. So we can spend more time thinking and understanding problems. Students who get good grades in class greatly benefit from making full use of class time, which also means spending less energy after class. In class, you should cooperate with the teacher in time, take notes carefully and help yourself remember what the teacher taught. It is especially important to think independently and keep up with the teacher's ideas. Advantages of taking good class notes: 1) It helps to concentrate and listen attentively. If you want to take good notes in class, your mind must follow the teacher in class. Where the teacher guides and explains, he should think and listen. Absence of mind is no good, or you will miss something to remember. 2) It helps to cultivate thinking and practical ability. To take notes in time, you need not only to understand, but also to remember quickly. To be able to understand, we must actively think about the problem and understand it quickly; To memorize quickly, on the one hand, you should be proficient in writing words, on the other hand, you should not write slowly. 3) It helps to enhance the discrimination and the agility of thinking. You should also screen when taking class notes. In the textbook, which are the key points, which are the secondary points, which are detailed and which are brief, you should be able to make your own judgment in the process of listening to the teacher's analysis and explanation, make an agile thinking response, identify and screen in time and accurately write down the teacher's important statements and summary points. 4) It helps to review after class, and has the function of digestion and consolidation. After learning a text or a unit, you can sort out your class notes. In reviewing and combing, we can deepen our understanding of what we have learned and digest and consolidate what we have learned. Taking reasonable and regular notes in class and reviewing them in time after class are not only the important contents taught by teachers in class, but also the knowledge that they are still confused about. If you insist on reviewing your notes and textbooks regularly and doing some related exercises, you will certainly understand these contents more deeply and your memory will last longer. Learning environment It is very important to choose a place for your study. It can be your single study room or classroom or library, but it must be comfortable and quiet. When you start studying, you should concentrate on your lessons. You can't learn when you are in a mood swing. Scientific research shows that it is difficult to concentrate when studying mathematics and other science and engineering subjects, so there must be no emotions such as quarreling with classmates and exciting strenuous exercise before studying. Otherwise, you won't be able to concentrate and enter the learning state for a while. So before you study, you should calm down and concentrate, so that you can get twice the result with half the effort. The purpose of the correct exam mainly depends on your mastery of homework, so you should treat it calmly, not cheat. Maybe you failed in the exam once or twice, but it doesn't matter. As long as you study hard and take it seriously, you will do well in the next exam. Through the test, you can know where you need to work harder in your next study, which helps you to remember new knowledge firmly. Edit this experience of improving efficiency 1: 1. You might as well set yourself some time limits. It is easy to get bored by studying for a long time. At this time, you can divide all your lessons into several parts and limit the time of each part, which will not only help improve efficiency, but also avoid fatigue. If possible, gradually shorten the time used, and soon you will find that the homework that you couldn't finish in an hour before is now finished in 40 minutes. 2. Don't do other things or think about other things while studying. Everyone knows that you can't do two things at once, but there are still many students who listen to music while studying. Maybe you will say that listening to music is a good way to relax your nerves, so you can concentrate on studying for an hour and then relax listening to music for a quarter of an hour, which is much better than doing your homework with headphones on. Don't review the same lesson all night. Doing so is not only easy to get tired, but also ineffective. Arrange to review two or three classes every night, and the situation will be much better. You don't need to take detailed notes in class except for very important content. Busy taking notes in class will be inefficient, and there is no guarantee that you will take notes after class. The main work in class should be to digest and absorb the teacher's lecture content and make some brief notes appropriately. Lesson 2: I have also talked to many people about learning efficiency. What you have paid should be rewarded, and if you pay more, you should have a lot of rewards. This is a matter of course. But this is not the case. There is an efficiency problem here. How to improve learning efficiency? I think the most important thing is to combine work and rest. What is most needed to improve learning efficiency is a clear and agile mind, so proper rest and entertainment is not only beneficial, but also necessary, which is the basis of improving learning efficiency. So how to improve the efficiency of class? It is necessary to preview before class, but my preview is rough, which is nothing more than a cursory look at the textbook, so that the contents and key points in the textbook are roughly in my mind and more targeted when listening to the class. When we preview, we don't need to be too detailed. If we are too detailed, it is a waste of time. Second, I will be a little lax in class, and sometimes I will ignore the most useful things. It is of course necessary to listen carefully in class, but as one of my former teachers said, no one can concentrate in a class, which means it is impossible to concentrate for more than 40 minutes, so there is also a problem of time allocation in class. Teachers can relax when they talk about familiar things. In addition, taking notes sometimes hinders the efficiency of class. Sometimes a class is busy copying notes, and sometimes something very important is ignored, but this does not mean that you can not take notes, which is not enough. Everyone will forget that with notes, there will be a basis for review. Sometimes the teacher talks a lot and writes a lot on the blackboard, but you don't need to remember them all. Of course, you should remember some books. Otherwise, remember what you see, which will inevitably affect the efficiency of class, and the loss will outweigh the gain. Experience 3: Learning efficiency is an important factor in determining academic performance. How can we improve learning efficiency? First, confidence. Many scientific studies have proved that human potential is great, but most people have not effectively developed this potential. Among them, people's confidence is a very important aspect. No matter when and where you do anything, with this confidence, you will have the belief of winning, and you will soon get rid of the shadow of failure. On the contrary, if a person loses self-confidence, he will accomplish nothing, and it is easy to fall into eternal inferiority. Second, learn to be careful. Be confident. Choose "good question", time is limited. It's easy to get tired of studying for a long time. At this time, you can divide your homework into several parts and classify it. Editing this paragraph pays attention to efficiency. First, ensure 8 hours of sleep every day. Don't stay up late at night, sleep regularly. Going to bed early and getting up early can reduce the review time in the evening by 1 hour and increase it to the morning. Taking a nap at noon, getting enough sleep and being full of energy are the basic requirements for improving efficiency. Second, when studying, we should concentrate, have fun while studying, and work hard while studying. It is not a good policy to study hard at your desk all day. When you learn to a certain extent, you have to rest, replenish energy and take a look at greening. After studying, you must pay attention to rest. But when you study, you must devote yourself wholeheartedly and use your hands and brains. Third, insist that physical exercise is the "capital" of learning. Without good health, no matter how great your ability is, you can't play it. Therefore, no matter how busy you study, you can't ignore relaxation and exercise. Some students neglect exercise in order to study, their health is getting weaker and weaker, and their study is becoming less and less adequate. How to improve learning efficiency in this way? Fourth, take the initiative in learning. Only by taking the initiative to learn can we feel the fun of learning and be more interested in learning. With interest, efficiency will be improved unconsciously. Some students have a poor foundation, and there are always questions they don't understand in the learning process, so they are ashamed to ask others for advice. Therefore, they are very depressed. How to improve learning efficiency? At this time, the only way is to ask someone for advice. What you don't understand must be understood, and you can make progress by accumulating bit by bit. Only in this way can the efficiency be gradually improved. 5. Keep a happy mood and get along well with classmates. I am in a good mood every day, do things neatly, study actively, and naturally have high efficiency. On the other hand, combining individuals and collectives, maintaining mutual assistance and unity with classmates can also improve learning efficiency. Pay attention to organizing the learning process and put all textbooks, homework and materials together on a regular basis. When you use it, you can know where it is at a glance. When some students looked for a book, they turned and disappeared. Time passes in the busy and anxious search. In my opinion, students who are disorganized can't learn well. Seven, learning classification For the knowledge that has been learned, you should master and review it in time. The more knowledge, the more difficult it is to separate, and the speed of memory forgetting will be very fast, so it is necessary to classify. It is good to separate these two categories. First, it is difficult to master knowledge. If you want to master it completely, you must understand it and review it persistently. The second is to master it entirely by your own memory. Therefore, the learning realm of this paragraph must be edited separately. First, the first layer is about "hanging the beam on the head and stabbing the stocks" and "working hard, working hard, working hard again". Students at this level feel bored, which is a forced behavior for them and they can't appreciate the fun of learning. In the long run, it will inevitably produce fear of learning and breed weariness. Therefore, learning Chinese in their junior high school has become a chore. Second, the second level is to learn the so-called "those who know are not as good as those who know". Students who reach this level, learning plays a great role in promoting learning. Hungry for learning, often to the point of forgetting to eat and sleep. Their study does not need to be forced by others, and their conscious attitude can often make them get good grades. Good grades make them more interested in learning and form a virtuous circle of learning. Third, the third layer is that learning itself is also a science, which is scientific and has rules to follow. If you learn correctly, you will be high, learn well, be flexible and fluent, and drive well. Really become the master. At present, in students' learning, the first level is mostly, the second level is a minority, and the third level is even less. We should be clear that an important goal of learning is to learn to learn, which is also the requirement of the development of modern society. 2 1 century illiterates will be those who can't learn. Therefore, students should pursue a higher learning realm in their study, so that learning can be a pleasant thing and all subjects can be relaxed.