The selection of case arguments must pay attention to the following four key points:
First, we should pay attention to the authenticity of the case.
The example as an argument itself must be true.
Or it does happen in social life. We can't make up a nonexistent case for writing, nor can we exaggerate or narrow the original facts.
The real case demonstration can't achieve the ideal demonstration effect. For example, some students don't usually pay attention to the accumulation of vegetarian materials, but only make up stories based on sporadic memories. Fables are not like fables. They always say "There was a young man in ancient times …" and "There is an old legend in England …". This argument based on fabrication is untenable; There are also some examples, which are often exaggerated or reduced because of the confusion of memory, leading to the distortion of the argument.
The students used Populus euphratica as a material to show their tenacious vitality. "The sea of death-the soul of life in the desert Populus euphratica has strong vitality. Don't die for three hundred years, don't fall for three hundred years. " Obviously, there is an intellectual error in this statement. The correct statement should be "live for three thousand years without dying, die for three thousand years, but live for three thousand years."
Wrong argument not only can't get good argument effect, but also can make people laugh. It can be seen that in order to make the argument of the case convincing and give full play to its argument effect, it is necessary to ensure the authenticity of the case.
Second, we should pay attention to the coincidence of examples and arguments.
The coincidence of case arguments and arguments is to seek a high degree of unity between cases and arguments, that is, the selected materials must fully prove the arguments.
Examples that meet the needs of the argument and can prove the argument. When students write argumentative essays with case arguments, a common problem is that case arguments are out of touch with arguments.
It's disconnected
Persuasive, the more such arguments are used, the more ink is wasted. To overcome this problem, we should think and analyze more when choosing an argument, accurately grasp the central meaning of the argument, screen the materials we have, distinguish the nuances of the topics contained in different materials, and choose materials consistent with the argument.
For example, choose the argument that is suitable for the argument that "the road to the ideal is full of hardships" from the following four materials.
A. Qian Xuesen devoted himself to the aerospace industry.
B,
C,
D, Cao Xueqin family decline, family walls, insist on writing a dream of red mansions.
The main ideas contained in the above four materials are quite different.
Qian Xuesen's case focuses on "dedication", although "hardship" is inevitable in his lifelong dedication.
This is not the main idea of the material.
A broken relationship; Mr. Peng, the boss of item B, is "desperate", which is not the same as "suffering" and has nothing to do with the basis of argument; What happened to Sima Qian and Cao Xueqin?
Experience truly reflects their "suffering" in realizing their ideals.
Highly unified.
Third, we should pay attention to the typicality of cases.
The so-called typical means that the selected materials should be representative, and the selected materials are not very special and accidental phenomena.
In this case, don't just use a single example, but try to represent all aspects.
Knowing this, I always like to use some arguments such as "I have a classmate in junior high school …" and "There is a young man in my village …" when writing argumentative papers. Obviously, such an argument is unconvincing. If a classmate writes a composition on the topic of "stress and success", in order to prove the argument that "being good at turning stress into motivation can often make us survive and succeed", he writes: "There is a boy in our class who didn't do well in the exam for the first time. Faced with the pressure of many masters, he was not discouraged, but admitted to studying hard and finally came out on top in the final exam.
The examples selected in this paper are not textual research, are not typical and representative, and are purely fabricated according to temporary needs (even if they are not fabricated, they lack typicality), so they are not convincing.
If you write the above topic and prove the same argument, the following paragraphs will have different effects.
You may still remember what Zhan Xugang said when he hit the ground in the face of a powerful opponent at the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000:' I will die here today!' But he's not dead. He won the world championship. He turned great pressure into great power. I stood up and stood on the podium of the champion.
Xiang Yu, facing the pressure of death, turned this pressure into the driving force of fighting. Pressure makes them historical heroes, and I think they are heroes. If such pressure were exerted on a coward, he might have surrendered or committed suicide long ago.
For example, Zhan Xugang is a famous weightlifter and Olympic champion, which is well known in the world. Han Xin and Xiang Yu are heroes in history, handed down from generation to generation. These three materials are sports and military.
The scope is wide and the time span is long. Its typical degree is self-evident and its persuasiveness is beyond doubt. Only by choosing this typical argument can we get a good argument effect.
Fourth, we should pay attention to the novelty of the case.
As the saying goes, "It is better to bite a fresh peach than eat half a basket of rotten apricots", and the choice of case arguments also needs to be novel. The so-called novel case argumentation means, on the one hand, not to use examples often used by others as arguments, on the other hand, to use examples full of the flavor of the times. At this point, students often do poorly.
There are not many opportunities to get in touch with new things. In order to meet the needs of writing, we often recite some "classic" arguments, so writing articles is very "archaic".
Statistics Hunan 2005? College entrance examination in 2007 Argumentative essays written by candidates. The most commonly used expression is "Sima Qian,
Although these materials are classic, they will make readers use them more.
The judges are bored.
Spirit ",for example, in order to prove the central argument" people have no resilience. Nothing can be done, "a student wrote." After Sima Qian went to prison.
Historical records of Li Sao Wu Yun.
If it weren't for getting rich, traveling across mountains and rivers, visiting folk customs, reading a lot of books and collecting them for decades, where would this masterpiece be published?
In the case of paralysis of two-thirds, eating foreign languages, drilling medicine and learning culture have become models for everyone to learn. What is the secret of her success? Tough After 45 months of hard work day and night, Madame Curie extracted one gram of pure uranium from more than ten tons of uranium ore, and her perseverance impressed the world.
The paragraph language is refined, the materials are typical and convincing. The only deficiency is that the three examples selected in the paragraph are outdated and difficult to attract readers.
We can upgrade it like this: "Wang Xuan, a contemporary Bijie native, began to concentrate on writing from 1975.
There are also computer-processed images, and he is dragging his illness.
Overcome the shortage of funds,
Decades later, the laser typesetting system of Chinese characters was finally developed. Imagine, if you don't work hard and concentrate on your research, how can you have this great invention? Wang Hao, a famous table tennis player, narrowly beat Liu Chengmin in Athens Olympic Games. Blame,
In the second competition, he missed the championship. He was called' the second child of table tennis', but he never gave up, persisted in practicing his skills and honed his will, and finally won the championship in Doha in 20 06.