English; The rise of great powers depends on science and technology, and the contest between countries is, in the final analysis, the contest between national quality and talents. To put it bluntly, the overall national quality of China is not the same as that of developed countries, because it is difficult to accept other people's educational ideas. British historian Toynbee studied 2 1 civilizations that appeared in history and then died out one after another. The conclusion is that the cause of death of these civilizations, without exception, is not homicide, but suicide. They lost the vitality of innovation and were eliminated by history. 1876, when the United States celebrated its independence 100 anniversary, it held an international exposition in Philadelphia, with 37 countries participating. At that time, the Qing government also sent an exhibition group. At this Expo, Britain exhibited the latest steam locomotives, the United States exhibited high-power motors and generators, Germany exhibited precision machine tools for processing guns, and China exhibited 27 sets of ear scoops and embroidered shoes made of pure silver. This is the gap of the times! A country in peacetime is qualified to talk about who is the first! Beauty; Degree innovation and scientific and technological innovation are the fundamental driving forces for the rise of the United States. The United States initiated democracy and institutions, realized democratic politics through the principles of separation of powers and checks and balances, and ensured long-term political stability; The anti-monopoly law was adopted to improve the economic and legal system; Alleviate the economic crisis by implementing Roosevelt's New Deal and partially adjust the capitalist relations of production; In terms of technological innovation, the United States is at the forefront of the world. The American government encourages people to engage in invention and creation. A large number of inventors and scientists like Edison and Bell appeared in American history, and Taylor system and Whitney standardization also appeared in the field of production management. These innovations have greatly promoted the take-off mode of the American economy. Influenced by the Renaissance, the Protestant sects produced by the religious reform in the16th century struggled with the old religions, and their means of winning over children and the masses was education. Through this campaign, all parties attach importance to mathematics, geography and history in education methods, pay attention to the application of physics teaching and practice, and deliberately develop students' intelligence This has greatly improved the quality of the new generation in France. The training workshop for primary school teachers, established in 1684, is the earliest normal education institution in Europe and plays a key role in ensuring the quality of teachers. /kloc-before the 0/9th century, French higher education enjoyed the honor of laurel, and its academic level was very high in Western Europe. It goes without saying that another tradition in Russia and Germany is philosophy and art. The only thing I want to mention is that German philosophy and art (including literature) are not so-called orthodoxy until now, but are full of rationality, rigor and beauty, especially the supreme respect for humanism, which has influenced the world for many years. China is not without this realm, and the poems of Tang and Song Dynasties are not out of date in the aspects of human life, freedom and harmony between man and nature. However, compared with the Germans, every rational China should reflect on how we inherited and sublated the heritage. Japan almost entered the "Stone Age" in the early post-war period, and people's livelihood was depressed and materials were extremely scarce. But after 20 years, how did Japan become the second largest economy in the world? Relying on the accumulation of human capital, relying on the words "building the country through science and technology". The Japanese government has noticed that in order to make the national economy recover quickly and become a powerful country, it is necessary to concentrate the resources of the whole country and give priority to the development of heavy industry. In the process of presiding over the "Japan Renaissance Plan", Yuyuki Ze of the socialist planned economy school promoted the "tilted mode of production", concentrated the limited material resources on the four heavy industries of coal, steel, electric power and chemical industry, strictly restricted the development of light industry, and some light industries were forced to stop production because they could not obtain resources from the internal recycling heavy industry system. Because heavy industry has the characteristics of internal circulation in the primary development stage, it rarely provides final products, and naturally there is no profit. The Japanese government made up the book deficit by issuing currency, and cash, deposits and national debt all became waste paper in the fierce inflation. The upper class in Japan shares weal and woe with the people and will never get rich first. Although the defeat made Japan lose immeasurable social wealth, talents still exist and hope still exists. Although the battleship Yamato sank, a large number of technicians, steel, aviation, machinery, electronics, optics, chemistry and other technicians who built the battleship Yamato were completely preserved. Material wealth can be destroyed, but the human resources accumulated in the process of industrialization in the past century can not be deprived by any country.