Are antipyretics antibiotics?
Febrile drugs are not antibiotics, such as Tylenol Merrill Lynch. , relatively safe, with little side effects.
In life, many people think that antibiotics are antipyretics and can be used casually, which is a misunderstanding. In fact, not all fevers are caused by bacterial infection. The common cold is usually caused by viruses and fever, and antibiotics are useless. And taking general antipyretic and analgesic drugs can mostly work. After suffering from a viral cold, I have to go to the hospital for treatment. As long as you strengthen nursing, rest properly, drink more boiled water and give a digestible diet, you will generally recover quickly.
As the saying goes, "it's a three-point poison." Abuse of antibiotics is more harmful. First, it can induce bacterial drug resistance. Pathogenic microorganisms constantly mutate to avoid drugs, and also produce drug-resistant strains. At present, there are almost no antibacterial drugs that do not produce drug resistance; Secondly, it will damage human organs. Antibacterial drugs can also cause harm to human body while sterilizing, such as affecting liver and kidney function, gastrointestinal reaction and causing aplastic anemia. Third, it will lead to double infection. Under normal circumstances, the oral cavity, respiratory tract and intestine of human body are parasitized by bacteria, and the colonized flora maintains a balanced state under mutual antagonism. If antibiotics are used for a long time, sensitive bacteria will be killed, while insensitive bacteria will take the opportunity to reproduce, and uninhibited bacteria, fungi and exotic bacteria will also take advantage of it to induce another infection.
What are the antipyretics?
Ibuprofen
Trade names: Merrill Lynch, Maeda, Chen Gong Reengineering, etc.
Usage: It can be used to reduce fever in infants and relieve mild headache, sore throat and toothache caused by cold and flu. 5 ~ 10 mg/kg each time according to the body weight, and can be reused every 6 ~ 8 hours if necessary, no more than 4 times every 24 hours.
Advantages: It and acetaminophen are two antipyretics recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and they are also relatively safe antipyretics. Its advantage is that the fever is stable and lasting, and the average time to control the fever is about 6 hours, and the longest is 8 hours. Moreover, the antipyretic effect above 39℃ is better than acetaminophen.
Disadvantages: mild gastrointestinal discomfort, occasional rash, tinnitus, headache, influence on coagulation function, elevated transferase, etc. And reports of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcer aggravation. It is also reported that it occasionally has reversible kidney injury in the state of dehydration, low blood volume and low cardiac output. Excessive use may produce side effects, such as central nervous system depression and seizures. Therefore, it is generally used for children with high fever over 3 years old.
Acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol)
Trade names: Tylenol, Baifuning, Anjiage, etc.
Usage: every kilogram of body weight 10 ~ 15mg/ time, every 4 hours 1 time, no more than 5 times every 24 hours.
Advantages: rapid and complete absorption, and antipyretic effect can be produced within 30 minutes after oral administration. The side effects are relatively small, basically no irritation to gastrointestinal tract, no influence on platelet function and coagulation function, no nephrotoxicity and relatively high safety. Doctors are usually used to giving this medicine to children under 2 years old. And it can be taken with milk and juice.
Disadvantages: Although fever takes effect quickly, the time to control body temperature is shorter than other drugs, and the time to control fever is about 2 ~ 4 hours.
Nimesulide (with caution)
Product name: Ruizhiqing
Usage: The usual dosage for children is 5mg/ day per kilogram of body weight, taken 2 ~ 3 times.
Advantages: According to published academic papers, experts compare nimesulide with ibuprofen and find that nimesulide has the outstanding advantage of less adverse reactions of digestive system. Because the incidence of liver damage is relatively low (about1110,000), it is often widely used in the treatment of inflammatory fever and pain.
Disadvantages: In recent years, there are many reports of severe liver damage related to the application of nimesulide in the world. From 2002 to 2005, Spain, Turkey, Ireland and other countries have withdrawn this drug from the market.
Lysine aspirin
Trade name: Rabilin
Usage: intramuscular injection or intravenous injection. Children are given drugs according to their body weight 10 ~ 25mg/kg twice a day.
Advantages: strong antipyretic effect, quick onset, mild and lasting effect, and can avoid the irritation of oral aspirin and ibuprofen to gastrointestinal tract. Because ibuprofen and acetaminophen are tablets, aqueous solutions and suspensions (drops), there is no dosage form for intravenous or intramuscular injection, so doctors often choose these drugs for children with oral difficulties.
Disadvantages: Because it contains aspirin, long-term use may induce Wright's syndrome, and some may induce anaphylactic shock and severe asthma attack. Therefore, 16-year-old children should use it with caution, and should pay attention to asking about allergic history when using it.
Note: this kind of drugs has obvious dose dependence, that is, the curative effect increases with the increase of dose, so it is necessary to prevent overdose, otherwise it will cause liver damage.
Bupleurum injection
Injection extracted from Bupleurum DC. It has a slow and weak antipyretic effect with little side effects. The specification is 2ml for each branch, and the dosage is intramuscular injection for children under 3 years old 1/3~ 1/2, and children over 4 years old 1 branch.
Analgin has obvious curative effect, but adverse reactions are also common.
analgin
It belongs to oxazoline active drugs, and the specifications are injections and tablets. The main side effects are nephrotoxicity, gastrointestinal bleeding and severe rash, and lethal agranulocytosis is the most serious side effect. At present, there are 27 countries that prohibit or restrict the use of Anemone, but some local hospitals in China are still using it, which deserves great attention.
What should I do if I have a fever?
1, physical cooling method
If there is an ice pack at home, just put it directly on the patient's forehead. If there is no ice pack, apply a wet towel to your forehead for ice. This method can be used by both adults and children.
2. Seek medical attention in time
If the fever is less than 38.5 degrees, but it has been burning for a while, you can go to the hospital to see what causes it, and then take the medicine prescribed by the hospital. Generally, colds are divided into wind-cold and wind-heat, and you can take different cold medicines. If it is caused by inflammation, you can also take some antibiotics, which depends on the doctor's judgment. Cured the cold and inflammation, and the fever naturally subsided.
Step 3 drink plenty of water
If it is a low-grade fever, first of all, you should drink more water, boiled water is the best, and pour water in a large cup until you can't drink it. After going to the toilet several times, the body virus will have been excreted.
Step 4 cook ginger juice
You can also cook ginger juice at home, slice or chop ginger, add brown sugar to boil, drink it while it is hot, and then sleep and sweat. This method is very ineffective when the fever is not serious at first.
Summary: The above is about fever. I believe everyone has a certain understanding. In life, it is very important to take some measures to solve a fever. I hope you can pay more attention in your life.
What kind of antipyretic is better?
1, ibuprofen suspension, also known as Merrill Lynch. It is the most commonly used antipyretic at present, with less side effects than acetaminophen. Ibuprofen is rarely contained in cold medicine. If you take ibuprofen to reduce the fever, it will be within the normal drug dosage range, and you can avoid overdose.
2. It is effective for acetaminophen and has little side effect. Most compound cold medicines for children contain acetaminophen. Therefore, it is forbidden to take children's cold medicine containing this ingredient at the same time when taking this product to reduce fever, so as to avoid repeated use. Whether the baby is 1 month old or 1-3 years old, overdose will lead to serious adverse consequences.