Student number: 0804 1706
Major: Construction Engineering Supervision
Design Name: Design of L Residential Building in Sandu Jin Feng Community, Zhuji City
Lecturer: * * *
1, the purpose and significance of the study.
In recent years, the frame structure has made great progress in the world, and many cities have generally built various types of frame buildings, including shopping malls, houses, hotels, office buildings and multi-functional buildings. It has become one of the realities that civil engineering students must face to participate in or engage in frame structure design after graduation.
Through the graduation project, I systematically summarized and applied the knowledge I learned during my college years. On the basis of being familiar with the task book, visiting similar buildings, consulting and collecting relevant design materials, comprehensively applying the learned knowledge, improving the application ability of comprehensive knowledge and systematically deepening the learned knowledge. And train me to solve the content and steps of architectural design and structural design independently, master the drawing method of structural construction drawing of architectural construction drawing, and lay a good foundation for future work.
At the same time, graduation design is the practical learning link of students' final study and comprehensive training in the first half of graduation, and it is an important process of deepening, broadening and comprehensive teaching. It is a comprehensive summary of students' learning, research and practice achievements; It is a comprehensive test of the training effect of students' comprehensive quality and practical ability; It is an important basis for students to graduate and obtain degree qualifications; It is also an important evaluation content to measure the quality and benefit of higher education. Therefore, every graduate should work hard to complete his graduation project and make himself a talent needed by society.
2. Design tasks and requirements
Design the architectural and structural drawings of a five-story residential building. And complete the calculation of engineering quantity, the preparation of steel bar blanking list, the preparation of construction organization design, the preparation of construction plan, etc.
By investigating and collecting relevant technical data, design the plane, elevation, section and details of the building, correctly select the structural scheme, independently complete the construction drawing design of the building and structure with specified design topics, put forward the specified design documents, and then compile and sort out the technical schemes such as engineering construction and engineering supervision.
Through graduation design, students can master the general principles, steps and methods of architectural design and structural design, and can carry out the basic work completed by ordinary technicians in the engineering construction site. You can comprehensively apply the knowledge you have learned, cultivate the ability of comprehensive analysis and problem solving, and the corresponding design skills. At the same time, it will also cultivate a realistic, rigorous and accurate scientific attitude and work style in the design work.
3. The main content and technical scheme of graduation design.
Choosing community is nothing more than choosing life. The community is actually a period of history, and an owner who can live in the community undoubtedly likes a comfortable life. Comfort is the soul of the community. Life creates comfort and comfort comes from life. It is precisely because of the rising demand for quality of life that there is a tendency to pay attention to quality of life, health indicators and occasions in society.
Graduation design is mainly divided into design preparation, architectural design and structural design, engineering quantity calculation, reinforcement blanking calculation, construction scheme preparation, construction organization design (crossing diagram, network diagram, floor plan) and so on.
3. 1 Design preparation
The main work at this stage includes: defining the general situation of the project, defining the design purpose and related requirements, and collecting relevant data and specifications, so as to lay a good foundation for further design.
3. 1. 1 Project Overview:
(1), project name: Building L, Jinfeng Community, Sandu, Wenzhou
(2) Construction site: Sandu Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province
(3) Employer: Zhejiang Bada Construction Co., Ltd.
Supervisor: Wenzhou Vocational and Technical College
Designer: Hangzhou Architectural Design Institute Co., Ltd.
(4) Construction area: The total construction area of single building is 1445.85 m2.
(5) Building floors: five floors above ground, no basement.
(6) Building height:14.900m.
(7) Structural form: reinforced concrete frame structure
(8) Safety grade of building structure: Grade II.
(9) Design service life: 50 years.
(10), building fire resistance rating: Grade II.
(1 1), seismic fortification intensity: six degrees.
(12), ground roughness: class B.
(13), roof waterproof grade: Grade II.
Zhuji, located at the western foot of Huiji Mountain in eastern Zhejiang, is a county-level city under provincial jurisdiction, which is now managed by Shaoxing City. It borders 8 counties (cities) such as Shaoxing, Xiaoshan and Yiwu Fuyang. The terrain is dominated by hills, called? Seven mountains, one water and two fields? The climate is warm and humid, belonging to subtropical monsoon climate.
3.2 Architectural design
My design work is a five-story house with one staircase and two units: three bedrooms, two halls and two bathrooms, and the fifth floor has a roof, with a building area of 1445.85 square meters. The design is based on local building architecture and design requirements.
The design content includes the following contents:
(1) general situation of the building: including the practices of various parts of the building, material specifications and colors, standards used and general atlas, fire prevention and theft prevention, door and window tables, etc.
(2) Building plan: including ground floor plan, standard floor plan and roof plan.
(3) Building elevation: According to the building form, design the main elevation and side elevation. For complex civil buildings. All four facades should be displayed.
(4) Building profile: at least 1~2 cross sections or profiles representing more complicated positions in the design.
(5) Building structure details: According to the specific engineering design requirements, draw 4-5 building structure details, and indicate the detailed practices and dimensions.
3.3 Structural design:
Using PKPM, according to the design scheme, draw the beam and column construction drawing, deduce the internal force load, and compile the calculation book.
The contents at least include: structural design description, frame structure design calculation (manual calculation and computer calculation, considering earthquake resistance), structure and drawings.
The approximate calculation method of frame structure is adopted, and the internal force under vertical load is calculated by moment distribution method. When calculating the internal force under horizontal load, there is D value method. The horizontal seismic action is calculated by bottom shear method.
Combined with the knowledge learned, make a preliminary design by consulting the reference materials, and then submit it to the tutor for review. After the approval, the drawings are completed by AutoCAD and manually.
The approximate steps of structural part calculation:
(1) column section size
(2) Load statistics
(3) Calculation of internal force of frame
(4) Frame reinforcement calculation
(5) Calculation of reinforcement of slab
(6) Stair reinforcement calculation
(7) Foundation design and reinforcement calculation
(8) Design and calculation of stairs and awnings.
Construction drawing:
(1) structural design description: including the strength grade of each material, the structural requirements of each component reinforcement, and related structural treatment and construction instructions that are not clearly stated or explained in the drawings.
(2) Structural layout: including the structural layout of ground floor, standard floor and roof structure.
(3) Frame, beam and column: reinforcement diagram of frame and (one) beam and column.
(4) Foundation: Foundation layout and foundation reinforcement diagram.
(5) Stairs: reinforcement diagram of beam stairs or slab stairs and rest platform.
3.4 The key issues to be solved are:
3.4. 1 building part:
Design description: The design description should focus on the conception of the architectural scheme, how the architectural scheme meets the functional requirements of each part, the requirements of lighting, fire prevention and anti-corrosion of the building, and the relationship between the building and the surrounding environment. Building economic indicators, building location (coordinates), elevation and its relationship with adjacent buildings, relative elevation of roads, specifications and colors of special decoration materials, descriptions of construction practices of various parts, descriptions of design codes and standards used, descriptions of standard atlas and general atlas used, and anti-theft measures can be expressed in the general construction plan and the general description of buildings.
3.4.2 Structural part:
Design specifications; The design description includes the selection and description of structural scheme and the calculation of structural components (such as frame, stairs, awning, cast-in-place beam and slab, etc.). ); Description and basis of foundation and foundation reinforcement measures under special circumstances; Selection of foundation type and calculation of foundation design.
The general order of structural member calculation is: load calculation? Internal force calculation? Control the load combination and internal force combination of the section? Reinforcement calculation and reinforcement selection.
When the above description and calculation are incorporated into the design specification, the necessary calculation diagram and internal force diagram shall be included, and the calculation process shall be organized and drawn.
3.5 Preparation of reinforcement blanking list
3.5. 1 Calculate the steel bar blanking of the manufactured structure and prepare the steel bar blanking sheet.
(1) Foundation reinforcement: independent foundation reinforcement, strip foundation reinforcement, pile foundation and cap reinforcement, raft foundation reinforcement, box foundation reinforcement, etc. , which is selected according to the basic form designed by each student;
(2) Reinforcement of turnover columns: reinforcement of seismic frame columns and reinforcement of non-seismic frame columns;
(3) Beam reinforcement samples: frame beam reinforcement, ordinary beam reinforcement, cantilever beam reinforcement, etc. ;
(4) Shear wall reinforcement samples: including shear wall column reinforcement, shear wall body reinforcement, shear wall beam reinforcement, etc. If there is nothing in the design, there is no need to calculate;
(5) Check the samples of floor reinforcement: including beam floor reinforcement, flat floor reinforcement, stair reinforcement, etc.
(6) Other component reinforcement samples: including constructional column reinforcement, ring beam reinforcement, masonry reinforcement, lintel reinforcement, etc.
3.5.2 Design and calculate the template of the fabricated structure, and draw the template layout, one for each component.
(1) Foundation formwork drawing (2) Column formwork drawing (3) Beam formwork drawing
(4) Shear wall template drawing (5) Plate template drawing (6) Template drawing of other components
3.6 Calculation of Engineering Quantity of Frame Structure
According to the building construction drawing and structural design drawing, combined with textbook knowledge, calculate the quantities of foundation earthwork, formwork and concrete, and finally summarize and confirm the quantities of each division and subdivisional work, determine the quota, then determine the number of people and days required for each division and subdivisional work, and finally determine the total construction period. This makes it easy to draw the following crossing diagram and network diagram.
3.7 Preparation of construction scheme and organization design
(1) project overview, construction scheme (main construction methods), construction organization, etc.
(2) the project schedule;
(3) Construction drawing design;
(4) Main technical and economic indicators and safety (quality and progress) guarantee measures.
4, the construction organization design basis
(1), red line diagram of land survey planning and design conditions provided by Zhejiang Bada Construction Co., Ltd.;
(2) The design task book provided by Zhejiang Bada Construction Co., Ltd. and relevant amendments;
(3), the construction project design contract;
(4) Preliminary design approval of Zhuji Construction Bureau;
(5) Relevant data provided by budget documents;
(6) Relevant national laws and regulations, construction drawing design, bidding documents and their supplementary documents;
(7) The labor force is evenly distributed, the sources and supplies of materials, components and processed products are sufficient, and the production capacity and equipment of main construction machinery are complete;
(8), equipment installation time and requirements for civil engineering, as well as the required site requirements;
(9) Handling of land requisition, demolition and construction permit for construction;
(10), water and electricity supply conditions are complete;
(1 1), the construction land, construction house, water and electricity conditions that Zhejiang Bada Construction Co., Ltd. can provide.
5, the solution of other problems
(1) Building Energy Conservation
(2) Give full play to the role of buildings.
(3) Improve the efficiency of the building as much as possible.
(4) Reasonable structure, convenient use, novel design and avant-garde style.
6. Main reference materials
(1) concrete structure design, four editors, China Building Industry Press;
(2) Architectural Architecture, edited by Tongji University and Xi University of Architecture and Technology, China Building Industry Press;
(3) The Complete Book of Current Architectural Design Codes, Architectural Publishing House;
(4) Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Energy-saving Design Standards for Civil Buildings in Shaanxi Province, Zhejiang DBJ 24-8-9;
(5) Load Code for Building Structures (GB 50009-2001.2002-01-kloc-0/0);
(6) Detailed seismic structure of the building, 03G329-1;
(7) Code for Design of Building Foundation, GB 50007-2002.2002-02-20； 02-20;
(8) Code for Seismic Design of Buildings, GB 5001-2001.2001-07-20;
(9) Code for Design of Concrete Structures (GB 50010-2002.2002-02-20);
(10) unified standard for architectural drawing, GB/t50001-2001-0/;
(1 1) Unified standard for architectural design, GB 50068-2001;
(12) Building materials and practice;
(13) Drawing rules and structural details of plane integral representation of concrete structure construction drawing, 03G 10 1- 1, China Architectural Standard Design and Research Institute.
Model essay on the opening report of architecture 2: 1. The basis and significance of the topic selection.
Urban commercial center is a relatively concentrated area of urban commerce, a symbol of urban development, and a major place for urban residents to shop, entertain and relax. It is of great significance to the distribution of the whole city residents and the planning and design of the city. In recent years, with the rapid development of cities, commercial centers are being built everywhere.
The reason why the radio and television center is chosen as the main body is that the commercial center is not only responsible for organizing the commodity circulation in the economic region, but also directly promoting the horizontal economic ties between regions by organizing the commodity exchange and market activities in this region or across regions, and the leisure business format will become a general trend. Therefore, being a business center is more conducive to cultivating students' design ability, grasping the direction of architectural design, and improving students' ability to solve various complicated streamline relationships. On the combination of classroom knowledge and practice.