The basic characteristics of market economy are autonomy, equality, competitiveness, legitimacy and openness. Competition is one of the basic characteristics of market economy. In the market operation, the law of value and the law of supply and demand are inseparable from the law of competition. In the market economy, the existence of competition has its objective inevitability. In market economics, Mu Jianye explained three reasons for competition under market economy conditions: First, in market economy, all economic entities must compete for their own interests. The existence of a large number of economic subjects in society is the premise of the existence of the market. Independent economic interests must compete and struggle with each other to realize their respective economic interests. Second, the contradiction between individual labor time and socially necessary labor time for producing the same commodity will inevitably lead to competition. Third, the local labor and social labor of enterprises will inevitably lead to competition. The contradiction between concrete labor and abstract labor in commodity production determines the contradiction between local labor and social labor in enterprises.

1. Competition under the condition of market economy

Under the condition of market economy, there is fierce competition in all economic activities without exception, and the main body of economic activities is enterprises and individuals. What is market competition? In market economics, Mu Jianye said: "Market competition is a process in which economic subjects compete for favorable conditions for certain economic interests." Market relationship is a competitive relationship, which is determined by the market mechanism, because the market system is a competitive system. In this competitive relationship, every economic subject pursues maximum utility and satisfies his own desires with his own strength. Then, competition will inevitably lead to conflicts and differences between the two sides. The result of the conflict is either confrontation or cooperation. Confrontation is bound to lose both sides, and the interests of both sides will be damaged. If conflicts and differences are resolved by confrontation, the marginal cost is greater than the marginal benefit. In the economic sense, this is absolutely uneconomical. According to microeconomic theory, the utility will be maximized only when the marginal cost is equal to the marginal income. Therefore, it is a contract that both parties must abide by to solve the contradictions and conflicts between the two sides by means of cooperation and concession, so as to reach an agreement beneficial to both sides and then operate according to the agreement. This kind of contract is quite binding, which ensures the economic activities of both parties in accordance with the contract, thus ultimately maximizing the interests of both parties.

Second, cooperation under the conditions of market economy.

In a market economy, market cooperation corresponds to market competition. There is competition before there is cooperation. They are causal. To explain the meaning of cooperation clearly, we should first talk about two basic concepts in microeconomics-marginal substitution rate and consumer equilibrium.

Zhang Shuguang thinks: "Cooperation is a state when the two sides of the conflict are evenly matched, and it is also a state of economic equilibrium". According to Zhang Shuguang's analysis of cooperation in On Cooperation, it is considered that the formation of cooperation state should meet several conditions: first, the behaviors of economic subjects are similar or the same, thus forming a competitive relationship; Second, the strength of both sides should be equal; Third, there must be conflicts; Fourth, the result of competition is to meet each other halfway and reach cooperation, which is the equilibrium state in economics.

Market relations are both competitive and cooperative. Because under the condition of market economy, economic relationship is a contractual relationship. The conclusion of the contract is negotiated through the balance of interests of both parties. The final result of the negotiation is mutual cooperation. Zhang Shuguang thought: "Human behavior is rational behavior, also known as maximization behavior, which means that the goal of human behavior is to pursue the maximization of personal interests under given conditions. However, anyone's behavior not only has benefits, but also costs. What kind of behavior people choose depends on the comparison and balance of costs and benefits. Therefore, in the conflicts between people, when the net income from cooperation is greater than that from confrontation, people will adopt cooperation; Instead, it will take a confrontational approach. " "Cooperation, as a social relationship and behavior between people, is a transaction and a transfer of rights.

Third, the relationship between competition and cooperation and its practical significance

The relationship between competition and cooperation should be the dialectical unity of confrontation and cooperation, mutual exclusion and interdependence, and it is also a causal relationship. There is no cooperation without competition, and there is competition with cooperation. Of course, the result of competition does not necessarily lead to cooperation. The above analysis is based on the conclusion that every competitor is rational-in order to maximize the interests, the two competitors will eventually make concessions and restrictions in principle for the interests of the other party and reach the most beneficial cooperation for the other party. In real economic life, the result of competition may also be confrontation, and the outcome may be mutual loss or one side eating the other, or other circumstances.

Today's society is a society of mutual cooperation, interdependence and common development. In the process of world integration and the trend of global economic integration, there should be neither absolute competition nor absolute cooperation. Absolute competition and absolute cooperation will evolve into a completely hostile relationship between aggression and being invaded, ruling and being ruled, and oppression and oppression. This obviously goes against the development theme of today's world. The development trend of global society is peace, stability, development, win-win and even win-win. This is the global development trend and the will of people all over the world. Under the condition of market economy, we must also follow this principle to develop the economy and pursue the maximization of interests. The dialectical unity and causality between competition and cooperation are of great theoretical and guiding significance for the development and prosperity of market economy.

Under the condition of market economy, enterprises, regions, interest groups and countries should correctly handle the relationship between competition and cooperation. On the premise of not harming the interests of ourselves and others, * * * will live together, * * * will benefit together, * * will develop together, * * * will maximize its benefits, * * * will promote the prosperity and development of the market economy, and * * * will create more and better social material wealth for human society, thus realizing the healthy, harmonious and sustainable development of global social, economic and cultural life. Because human beings share the same earth, the existence of social, economic and cultural diversity has its rationality and development right, and no one has the right to deprive and infringe on it. We should emphasize the right to subsistence and development.

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