Since the rise of computer science and technology, constantly updated information technology has changed our lives and opened a new era of modernization. The following is what I arranged for you for your reference.

The first chapter is "Discussion on Practical Teaching of Academic Papers in Information and Computing Science"

With the goal of cultivating innovative practical ability, this paper discusses the annual thesis practice teaching in the undergraduate course system of information and computing science, trains students' academic thesis writing skills, cultivates students' scientific research ability, and lays a foundation for improving the quality of subsequent graduation thesis.

Keywords: academic year thesis; Practical teaching; Cultivation of innovative ability

China Library ClassificationNo.: G642.0 Document ID: Part ANo.:1674-9324201504-0129-02.

As a new major, Information and Computing Science has been offered in many undergraduate colleges, but the outstanding problem is that the practice teaching system is not perfect. Based on the present situation of practical teaching of information and computing science, this paper probes into the necessity and implementation scheme of offering annual thesis teaching in this major, and puts forward some countermeasures for the main problems existing in the implementation process, so as to strengthen the cultivation of students' innovative ability and practical ability.

First of all, it is necessary to set up an annual thesis teaching link for information and computing science majors.

One-year graduation thesis is an important link to cultivate undergraduate students' innovative and practical ability.

Information and practical science is a new specialty formed by the intersection of information science and computing science, with special emphasis on the cultivation of students' innovative ability and practical ability. In the whole training system, the academic year thesis, as an important part of practical teaching, plays a connecting role in college students' learning and research ability and knowledge innovation. In the practical teaching process of academic year thesis, students can read the literature, make clear the research objectives and directions, analyze the key points and difficulties of the research, and comprehensively use their professional knowledge for logical reasoning, analysis and demonstration, induction and deduction, etc., so as to complete the academic year thesis, which is helpful to cultivate students' innovative ability.

Two-year graduation thesis is an effective way to improve the quality of graduation thesis for students of this major.

The graduation thesis of information and computing science is a comprehensive test for students to solve scientific and engineering computing problems by using their mathematical knowledge and information technology, and it is an important link in teaching work. However, at present, there are many problems in the graduation thesis of this major, such as insufficient innovation content, nonstandard writing, failure to reflect professional characteristics and failure to combine with production practice, which greatly affects the overall quality of the graduation thesis. The reason is that the cultivation of research ability and writing ability is neglected in the teaching mode and curriculum system. Improving the quality of graduation thesis lies in improving students' scientific research ability and writing ability. The cultivation of research ability and writing ability of undergraduates majoring in information and computing science is a gradual process, and the effect of surprise training is not good only during graduation practice. In the four-year practice teaching system, we should constantly highlight the training content of thesis writing.

The second is the organization and implementation of practical teaching of academic papers for information and computing science majors.

The basic goal of academic year thesis practice teaching for information and computing science majors is to cultivate students' ability to comprehensively apply professional knowledge to analyze and solve problems, including information retrieval, literature review, investigation and research, theoretical analysis, algorithm design, computer application, scientific and technological thesis writing and independent work, so as to promote the development of subsequent practice links such as graduation thesis. It mainly includes three aspects: topic selection, teaching guidance and safeguard measures.

Thesis topic selection

The topic selection of academic papers for information and computing science majors should be mainly based on teachers' proposed topics, supplemented by students' self-proposed topics. Teachers should effectively check the innovation and feasibility of the subject. On the premise of ensuring quality, students are allowed to draw up their own topics and give full play to their initiative and creativity. Through the research of this subject, students can master the research ideas and basic methods of this major, master the writing norms of academic papers, stimulate students' interest in scientific research, and prepare for the writing of graduation papers in the future. The following contents should be paid attention to in the process of topic selection: 1 The topic selection should be based on the talent training goal of this major, meet the basic requirements of practical teaching, and reflect the basic contents of teaching and training of this major; 2. Pay attention to the comprehensive training of basic skills, and comprehensively consider literature retrieval, experimental data analysis and algorithm design. 3 the difficulty and workload of the topic should be appropriate to ensure that students can complete the task through hard work within the specified time; 4. Try to combine the topic with the tutor's research topic; 5. Try to combine the topic with the actual production.

Second, teaching guidance.

Under the guidance of teachers, the annual thesis is completed by students independently, which should reflect students' personal views and writing independence. Teachers should highlight students' dominant position, give full play to their initiative, pay attention to communication and discussion with students, and deepen students' research understanding and independent thinking of theory, so as to improve students' scientific research ability and academic literacy. The main work of the tutor includes: 1 guiding students to determine the topic of the thesis, clarify the research content, and conduct literature retrieval and reading; 2. Guide students to draft research plans, and check and supervise their progress; 3. Instruct students in experimental design, data analysis and computer application. 4. Guide students to draw up the outline of the thesis and give guidance to the writing of the thesis; 5. Review the first draft of students' papers, repeatedly put forward suggestions for revision, pay attention to the improvement of the quality of papers, and urge students to complete their writing tasks on time; Review the final draft of the paper, evaluate the results and give appropriate comments.

Three. safeguard measure

The annual paper is an important part of students' practical teaching, which needs a series of measures to ensure it. 1 Only by monitoring the system design, process management and performance evaluation can the quality of academic papers be guaranteed. 2 organizational forms should be diversified, encourage innovation and stimulate students' interest in scientific research. 3. Strengthen teacher training, organize regular professional training for backbone teachers, and promote the improvement of teachers' own professional level; Teachers are required to guide students to contact the corresponding theoretical and practical topics earlier. On the other hand, teachers should also be required to have a sense of responsibility and patience, so as to urge teachers to complete the thesis guidance seriously and responsibly. Strengthen the construction of computer laboratories, practice bases and electronic resources, provide necessary soft and hard conditions for paper writing, and ensure the effective development of academic papers.

Third, the main problems existing in the practical teaching of academic papers for information and computing science majors

An idea is not recognized in place and the degree of attention is not high.

Some colleges and universities do not pay enough attention to academic papers, which leads to some teachers' weak sense of responsibility in guiding students' academic papers and students' insufficient understanding of the practicality and innovation of academic papers. Many students regard it as homework and ignore the academic nature of the paper, which makes the overall quality of the academic paper not high.

Second, the organization is not perfect and the arrangement is unreasonable.

1 The publicity is not in place. Some schools don't know enough about the importance of the annual thesis, and the publicity is not in place, which leads to many teachers and students not paying enough attention to the cultivation of the annual thesis, and there are many problems. The timing is not right. Most colleges and universities arrange academic year papers in the last month or two at the end of the semester, which is the time for students to prepare for the final exam. The conflict in time leads students to spend their main energy and time on the final exam and perfunctory academic papers. 3 the topic is optional. Some topics are too specific and professional for students to complete in a short time; Some topics are too simple and outdated, with high similarity and little difference in requirements; In particular, the topic selection of some papers is seriously out of touch with the characteristics and research practice of information and computing science, and the training goal cannot be achieved. 4. Insufficient guidance. Due to the shortage of teachers caused by the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, the average task of undergraduate thesis writing guidance is heavy, and the guidance energy is limited in some specific links, such as how to select topics, how to read files, find and solve difficult problems, make research plans, conduct experimental design and thesis writing. 5. Lack of cohesion with graduation thesis. Graduation thesis is an important means to measure students' comprehensive quality and ability, and it is the last link for students to complete degree education. Academic year thesis and graduation thesis are two links with successive contents but separated by time, so it is very important to make a good connection. Lack of effective management and supervision

Some colleges and universities do not pay enough attention to it and have not formulated a perfect management system, which reduces the requirements for the quality of academic papers; Lack of institutional guarantee, confusion between academic thesis and graduation thesis, and extension of graduation thesis management mode; Due to the lack of effective monitoring measures, students plagiarize and perfunctory in the process of writing papers; Individual schools do not have sound management regulations, and the management of academic papers is chaotic and irregular; Tutors lack inspection and supervision in guiding students' academic thesis teaching.

Four, improve the quality of academic papers in information and computing science countermeasures and suggestions

First, improve ideological understanding and increase publicity.

The annual thesis is an important link in the practical teaching of information and computing science, which is conducive to cultivating students' practical innovation ability. Publicity should be intensified to improve teachers' and students' understanding of the annual paper. By writing research papers, students can deepen their understanding of the professional knowledge they have learned, master the basic norms of academic paper writing, and prepare for graduation design.

Scientific organization and reasonable arrangement

In order to better carry out the academic year thesis work of information and computing science specialty, it should be scientifically organized and reasonably arranged according to the characteristics of the specialty and the reality of running a school. 1 Incorporate the academic paper into the teaching plan, and ensure the quality of the academic paper from the aspects of standardized management, supervision and guidance, process control and performance evaluation; 2. We should reasonably arrange the time and workflow of the academic year's thesis work, comprehensively consider the personnel training plan, students' tolerance, teachers' workload and other aspects, and make reasonable arrangements from the aspects of thesis topic selection, teachers' guidance and thesis score evaluation, so as to really play an important role in practical teaching; The proposition should be moderate in difficulty, in line with the professional training objectives, forward-looking and operable, and ensure that most students can finish it on time through hard work.

Third, strengthen process management.

Perfecting process management is very important to improve the quality of academic papers. Scientific and standardized management mechanism is the basic guarantee for the smooth implementation of this teaching form. As an important part of practical teaching, academic thesis teaching needs to cooperate with other teaching links to ensure the smooth completion of thesis work. First of all, it is necessary to establish a long-term mechanism for the process management of academic papers, and the relevant management departments should make overall plans and formulate specific implementation measures in combination with the characteristics of this major. Secondly, every academic year paper should have instructors and special reviewers, and set performance evaluation standards. In a word, the process management of academic papers in information and computing science directly affects the quality of the final papers. We should formulate special rules for the process management of academic papers, including standardizing the topic selection, guiding teachers' arrangement, strengthening the guidance and monitoring of the basic requirements and writing norms of papers, student discipline management, grade evaluation and material filing, etc., to ensure the quality of academic papers.

Fourth, make clear the goal and attach importance to the cultivation of practice and innovation ability.

In the specific implementation process, we should aim at cultivating students' practical and innovative ability and give full play to students' initiative and creativity. In the process of guidance, teachers should pay attention to the standardization of academic content and writing, pay attention to training students to use logical analysis, argumentation and reasoning, induction and deduction and other methods to complete thesis writing, guide students to study independently and explore and think, so that students' innovative ability can be exercised and improved.

References:

[1] Zhou Fuzhao, Wang Wansheng, Tong Qingshan. Research on innovation of practical teaching system of information and computing science [J]. Journal of Hunan University of Technology, 20 10/0,241:103-105.

[2] Zhai Yunhui. On the Problems and Countermeasures of Academic Papers in Colleges and Universities [J]. Science and Technology Information, 20 1 1,1.543.

[3] Liu Haixiao. On the guidance of academic papers and graduation papers [J]. Teaching research, 2005,286: 532-534.

[4] Wu. Discussion on the teaching of accounting undergraduate thesis based on the cultivation of innovative ability [J]. Accounting Monthly, 2009, 23: 95-96.

The second chapter "Research on the Application of Technology Education in Computer Science and Technology Teachers' Major"

In view of the present situation that China's technical education has just started and the training of teaching talents is lagging behind, this paper analyzes the knowledge system and methods of technical education, puts forward the talent training framework of technical education, and expounds the application of technical education methods in the training plan of computer science and technology teachers' major oriented to basic education.

Keywords: technical education; Talent cultivation; Basic education; Normal college students

China Library ClassificationNo.: G642.0 Document ID: Part ANo.:1674-9324201420-0165-03.

I. Introduction

For many years, China's educational circles have been focusing on strengthening students' quality education and exploring and practicing the direction and ways of educational reform. The convening of the national conference on basic education has put forward very clear requirements for comprehensively promoting quality education. The important role of curriculum reform in promoting quality education and cultivating skills in the 2 1 century has become the national consciousness [1]. In April, 2003, the Ministry of Education officially promulgated the "Experimental Standards for Technical Courses in Ordinary Senior High Schools", and for the first time set up the module of "Simple Robot Making" in the subject of "General Technology", which is an elective course module based on the learning platform of computer technology and organically combining mechanical transmission with the application of single chip microcomputer. This module provides students with the opportunity to use contemporary advanced technology and advanced thinking methods for design and production to solve practical problems [2]. At the same time, the new senior high school curriculum standard also sets up the elective module of "Preliminary Artificial Intelligence" in the subject of "Information Technology", which has taken the first step to carry out artificial intelligence education in senior high schools in China. Now, intelligent robots and other technical education contents have gradually become a good carrier of technical courses and comprehensive practice courses in primary and secondary schools. Its learning process pays attention to the connection between course content and real life, and pays attention to students' practical ability and emotional experience, which embodies the basic requirements of the new curriculum reform and is welcomed by students. In addition, the Standard Experiment of Technical Curriculum in Ordinary Senior High School also clearly points out: "Setting up a technical study field in ordinary senior high schools is not only the need to strengthen and improve technical education in basic education, but also the need to promote quality education focusing on cultivating innovative spirit and practical ability, and it is also the need to implement the strategic decision of rejuvenating the country through science and education and promote sustainable economic and social development." It can be seen that the technical education curriculum is an indispensable part of the new curriculum structure in senior high school [3].

Second, the status of technical education

1. Technical education abroad. The history of technical education is as long as education, but as a discipline, "technology" officially entered the field of general education, but it was relatively late. Looking at the development of technical education in the world today, the United States can undoubtedly be called one of the fastest-growing and most mature countries in technical education. Especially in 2000, the publication of STL, American National Technical Education Standards: the Content of Technical Learning, and the subsequent publication of a series of supporting documents have had a great impact on the construction of general technical education systems around the world. After nearly a century of development and improvement, technical courses in Russian basic education have always been an unshakable and important content in the field of basic education after many changes. Since 1993, in the curriculum reform in Russia, technical courses have also been listed as an unchangeable part in the field of basic education in the form of national standards, and in the continuous inheritance and development, a technical education system with complete educational management has been formed in primary and secondary schools. Technical education in primary and secondary schools in Japan started relatively early, and it has been more than 50 years since 1958 promulgated the Technical Guidance Outline for Middle Schools. Japanese technical education is set as life and family in the extreme curriculum of primary schools, and technology-home economics is set in the senior grades, junior high schools and senior high schools of primary schools, which is one of the compulsory learning subjects in Japanese primary and secondary schools. South Korea's technical education has undergone seven curriculum reforms. After the formal formation of the technical education curriculum from 65438 to 0969, in the continuous exploration and development of these seven reforms, there are different changes in the subject name, subject group, time allocation and content, and the learning links of boys and girls. By the seventh educational curriculum reform, technology has become one of the compulsory courses for the whole people [5].

In addition, on 20 10, the 72nd ITEA International Technical Education Conference was held in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. The theme of this conference is "Green Technology-STEM Science, Technology, Education and Mathematics Solutions for Citizens in 2 1 century", which attracted the participation of relevant workers in the field of technical education in many countries around the world. At present, the basic technical education in the United States is still improving, especially with the trend that the United States pays attention to improving students' mathematical and physical abilities and technical courses are weakened in the general education system, some people of insight in the field of technical education are trying to integrate technical education with engineering education. In March of 20 10, the international association of technical education was renamed the international association of technical and engineering educators (ITEEA), aiming at developing the T&E course of K- 12 technology-engineering education. In order to better promote the STEM literacy in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, a more comprehensive and profound education reform is brewing [6].

2. The present situation of technical education in basic education in China. The combination of technical education and subject education can help the teaching of science, mathematics, mechanics and other disciplines. At the same time, carrying out various exhibitions and competitions is an important way to popularize technical education. At present, China's technical education has just started, and the lag of talent training requires educators to have a sense of being ahead. To this end, the Ministry of Education has launched a solution based on Lego technology education. Lego has been working closely with the global education sector for a long time, constantly exploring and developing the most advanced educational programs, which have been successfully applied in teaching practice for 25 years and have been widely accepted and respected by the global education sector. Lego education entered China in 2000, and schools in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Ningxia and other provinces and cities tried to introduce Lego "learning by doing" science and technology education to cultivate students' innovative ability, and achieved certain results. According to the Memorandum of Cooperation between the Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China (PRC), Lego Group and Lego Foundation on the Training Plan of Innovative Talents in Technical Education, signed by the Ministry of Education, Lego Group and Lego Foundation, in order to strengthen the training of technical education teachers in primary and secondary schools, the Ministry of Education held the "20 10 Lego-Ministry of Education Senior High School General Technology Key Teachers Training" in Nanjing on July 20/0, aiming at training the first batch of high school general technology key teachers, August 20 12, the second phase of the Ministry of Education-Lego "Training Plan for Innovative Talents in Technical Education" was launched, and the "Construction Project of Regional Technical Education Teacher Training Base" was implemented. It is planned to donate to universities or teacher training institutions through Lego Group during 20 1-20 13 to build about 50 regional technical education devices in China. Each base auxiliary equipment is worth 200,000 yuan. Promote the development of technical education in primary and secondary schools and improve the level of technical education in primary and secondary schools through base construction.

3. Problems faced by technical education. Due to the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the cycle of knowledge updating is greatly shortened, which puts forward higher requirements for the cultivation of talents. Under this background, many experts and scholars in the field of education call for the use of modern teaching mode in basic education to train successors in the new era. The key to the popularization of modern teaching modes lies in the teaching implementation of primary and secondary school teachers who have mastered these modern teaching modes. Therefore, in recent years, universities and academic groups at home and abroad are actively exploring the reform of the training mode of comprehensive education talents in basic education. However, due to the influence of the theoretical system of this major, the teaching plan still cannot be divorced from the framework of the original curriculum system. It is necessary to give consideration to students' complete theoretical foundation and emphasize the cultivation of students' good application ability. Some courses with deep theory and great difficulty still occupy a large proportion in the teaching plan, while others that impart new teaching concepts are difficult to fully enter the teaching plan. Practice shows that more and more attention will be paid to the implementation of technical education in basic education. However, the combination of basic education method and technical education theory is still in the stage of exploration and development in China. Therefore, it is worth studying how to promote technology education in the training plan for normal students facing basic education, so as to promote the application and development of technology in basic education.

Third, the talent training system.

1. Overall framework of talents. Focusing on the teaching rules of technical education, the Research on the Training Framework of Technical Education explores the construction and design of vocational education curriculum teaching plan for computer science and technology normal students facing basic education through the application and implementation of technical education activities, and establishes a controllable teaching quality evaluation system and related talent training plan based on technical education methods. Guided by this, this paper discusses the educational law of technical education concept itself and the essential problems of implementing teaching in basic education, and realizes the curriculum teaching scheme design combining different talent training levels with basic education. The overall framework of personnel training is shown in figure 1.

In the process of computer science and technology teachers cultivating innovative talents in technical education, the impetus of * * * and the support of enterprises are the driving forces, and the guidance of educational experts and the cultivation of excellent teachers are the key. Therefore, in order to promote the sustained, stable and better development of technical education in basic education fields such as primary and secondary schools, it is necessary to realize the combination of higher education and basic education and the combination of technical education and the cultivation of innovative talents under the support and guidance of relevant policies. At the same time, in the training plan for normal students facing basic education, we should also take technical education as the core. In the process of learning basic education and teaching, we should pay attention to the application and implementation of technical education activities and related training plans for innovative talents in technical education, and explore the construction and design of technical education curriculum teaching plan for normal students facing basic education. As shown in figure 1, the following contents need to be completed. (1) Establish a basic education-oriented technical education innovative talent training program for normal students. The training scheme of innovative talents in technical education should be related to the requirements of basic education-related teaching methods for students' knowledge, skills and quality, including students' professional knowledge system, individual quality, teamwork ability and the ability to construct curriculum teaching scheme, and this should be regarded as the training goal. Therefore, it is particularly important to construct diversified training programs, and set the relevance between courses according to the teaching process of basic education to avoid curriculum duplication. ② Implement the reform of classroom teaching form based on technical education. Technical education emphasizes that students are the main body and teachers are the assistants. In the teaching process, students' ability to analyze and solve problems is emphasized, and learning efficiency is improved by relying on students' initiative. Good teaching methods are the key to the success of technical education and teaching, which mainly include: the construction of educational infrastructure, the construction of teaching staff and the creation of cultural atmosphere. ③ Establish a diversified evaluation system for teaching process training. In the teaching process, what technical education and teaching pursue is not the only correctness of learning results, but the evaluation and acceptance of students' achievements in technical education activities. Traditional classroom teaching is to evaluate students by teachers, focusing on knowledge acquisition, while the evaluation method of technical education focuses on the cultivation of ability. The teaching concept of competency-based runs through the whole process of curriculum setting and teaching practice. Therefore, we must ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the ability evaluation process, and adopt different evaluation criteria to evaluate students' ability at different stages. ④ The establishment of teaching resources and the formulation of teacher training plan. The establishment of teaching resources should aim at the complete implementation of the teaching process and organize teaching materials and resources flexibly and diversely. On the one hand, we should strengthen the construction of comprehensive experiments and innovative experimental facilities to realize the sharing of teaching resources; On the other hand, the integration with basic education can simulate the reality of basic education, open application laboratories and cultivate students' abilities in all aspects. At the same time, relying on various forms of cooperation such as the practice base for normal students in basic education, focusing on tracking and mastering the latest teaching trends, improving teaching skills and accumulating experience, we will design a long-term and effective teacher training system.

2. Development of research. As an ordinary full-time undergraduate normal college, our school has obvious characteristics in teacher education. The majors offered by our school basically cover the subjects offered by primary and secondary schools. The orientation of running a school is to face basic education, train teachers, have a group of teachers who are familiar with basic education and have high quality, and have accumulated rich training experience for normal students, primary and secondary school teachers and principals. The research content of this paper is based on the students majoring in computer science and technology in our school, and studies the personnel training system, curriculum system, teaching methods and means, students' practice and training, teacher training and other aspects. According to the implementation of the theory of technical education, the training scheme sets the relevance between courses, and the whole training scheme should reflect the characteristics and operability of basic education and teaching. ② Establish a teaching resource platform. With the integration of technical education as the goal, we should establish a teaching resource platform and adopt flexible and diverse teaching forms. When teachers organize the teaching content, they also aim at the technical education content. ③ Make a feasible teaching plan. Make full use of relying on and strengthening inter-school cooperation in basic education to establish and improve the construction of training bases. With basic education as the orientation and central task, cultivate students' educational and teaching ability. (4) Establish a perfect teaching quality evaluation system. The evaluation system centers on the evaluation of students' application skills, takes the completion process and effect of teaching modules as the main means, and combines process evaluation with effect evaluation to establish a controllable process evaluation and incentive system. ⑤ Make a training plan for senior teachers. Make full use of the inter-school cooperation platform, go deep into the famous schools of basic education, understand the latest trends and development trends of basic education, and cultivate excellent teachers with advanced teaching concepts.

3. The effect of the research. By introducing the content of technical education into the computer science and technology curriculum system of basic education normal students, combining with the teaching concept of technical education, this paper discusses the exploration and practice of teaching reform of basic education normal students, and establishes the concept of developing students' knowledge, ability and quality in basic education in the 2/kloc-0 century, which is scientific and feasible. In the process of implementation, give full play to their own advantages, learn from each other's strengths, and conform to the laws of education. At the same time, the course fully embodies the characteristics of technical education, can reflect the differences and levels of training methods, pays attention to skill training, establishes three-dimensional teaching resources around the theme in the form of knowledge structure, and pays attention to the combination of process evaluation and effect evaluation to realize the flexibility and diversity of evaluation methods.

Four. Concluding remarks

This paper discusses the introduction of technology teaching method into the curriculum training plan of computer science and technology normal students facing basic education, and constructs the corresponding training plan. This paper analyzes the essential problems of implementing technical education in basic education, and puts forward that a controllable teaching quality evaluation system based on technical education mode should be established in the training process of normal students facing basic education, and the curriculum teaching scheme design combined with basic education and the classroom form reform scheme under technical education mode should be realized at different talent training levels. The exploration of this new teaching mode will effectively promote and deepen the development of innovative practical education in colleges and universities, and then train and transport more talents for basic education.

References:

[1] Zheng Zuoguang. Accelerate the reform and development of basic education and comprehensively promote quality education [J]. Basic education research, 2002, February 5-13.

[2] Wu Hongwei and Colin. School-based teaching strategy and practice of robots in senior high schools [J]. Experimental teaching and instruments, 20 12, 10: 55-56, 6 1.

[3] Jiang Xiaohong. The present situation and countermeasures of the implementation of general technology curriculum [EB/OL].

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[4] Chen Xiangyang. A Historical Survey of the Centennial Changes of American Technical Education Curriculum [J]. Vocational Education Forum, 201,12: 8 1-84.

[5] Ten thousand, Jason. A comparative study of information technology education in primary and secondary schools at home and abroad [J]. Teaching and Management, 20 10/0,2:159-160.

[6] Zhang Ruimei. The 72nd International Conference on Technical Education was held in Charlotte, North Carolina [J]. Educational research and comments: technical education, 20 10, 3: 88.

[7] Hao Zhiguo. Innovative education concept in Xuanhua No.1 Middle School and Lego's "learning by doing" [J]. Education and Teaching Forum, 20 1 1, 14: 40.

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