The importance of Chinese reading teaching in middle school Chinese teaching can not be ignored. It is not only the key to improve students' Chinese literacy, but also helpful to improve students' understanding and thinking ability. In view of some problems that need to be solved urgently in the teaching process, seeking corresponding solutions can make reading teaching play its due value and role in the whole Chinese teaching.
Keywords: reading teaching; Chinese in primary and secondary schools; Problems; Countermeasures
With the implementation of Chinese curriculum standards, Chinese teaching has broken the traditional teaching methods, and new teaching methods and teaching models have emerged one after another, but some of them have deviated from the overall goal of reading teaching. In the process of Chinese teaching reform and development in recent years, we have paid a lot of sweat and promoted the overall improvement of teaching level, but there are also many unsatisfactory places, and the uniqueness of reading teaching has not been fully valued. "Chinese Curriculum Standard for Full-time Compulsory Education (Experimental Draft)" puts forward the essentials of reading teaching. Pay attention to emotional experience, have rich accumulation, and form a good sense of language. ? [1] However, in the actual Chinese teaching, the goal of reading teaching has not been fully realized. This paper attempts to combine the actual situation of Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools in recent years, sum up several problems existing in Chinese reading teaching in primary and secondary schools, and put forward corresponding solutions.
First, the problems in Chinese reading teaching
1. The relationship between instrumentality and humanity in Chinese is not handled properly.
Chinese is a comprehensive subject with rich content and wide coverage. Therefore, when learning this subject, we should correctly treat the aspects that different contents focus on and fully realize the importance of goal orientation. On the one hand, many teachers pay attention to the interpretation of individual words and phrases in the article, focusing on the exploration of vocabulary, grammar and rhetoric, but can't dig deep into the thoughts hidden behind the whole article, and can't make students resonate with the thoughts of the article. Students are fully committed to the discrimination of words, grammatical means and grammatical forms, and the hierarchical division of discourse and syntactic forms. The uniqueness of these kinds of projects determines that students in the initial stage are not easy to accept psychologically and interestingly. On the other hand, some teachers only pay attention to the integrity and humanity of the text in the teaching process, and only indulge in the feelings expressed in the article, without distinguishing good words and phrases accordingly. This will easily lead to teachers' self-indulgence, while students can't understand the central meaning of the article well, and then encounter a greater bottleneck in comprehensively grasping and understanding the text. Therefore, in order to cultivate students' reading aesthetic evaluation ability, they should also know the language style and word usage of the article. Only by combining the two can we truly achieve the goal of rational development.
2. Directional guidance deviation in reading teaching.
In the main aspects of teaching, we should not only pay attention to the detailed understanding of words, but also learn from Tao Yuanming. Don't seek a solution? Reading attitude. Starting from the basic idea of reading the text, we can understand the idea of the article, the author's writing attitude and the feelings expressed from the whole school, which should be the purpose of cultivating Chinese literacy and even literary literacy. However, our current reading training and teaching, as well as the main orientation of the whole evaluation system, all focus too much on the understanding of words and phrases, lacking the ability to cultivate students' ability to interpret deep texts from repeated reading teaching and the awareness of exploring students' hearts. Examination is an auxiliary means of the whole teaching, its main function should be to identify students' academic level, and the examination questions should be guided by teaching objectives. However, many times we take the evaluation test as the teaching standard, which is a big problem. In order not to make reading teaching difficult, it is necessary to establish and implement a target system. Examination questions can not simply play a guiding role in the corresponding objective system. Teaching the text is essentially just giving students examples, so that students can be inspired by the skills of expressing content and learn the methods and skills of expressing their thoughts. However, at present, in reading teaching, the analysis of test questions and test sites has become the focus of teachers' daily teaching. Even many teachers just sort out the test sites and simply carry out knowledge memory training, which can not effectively play the role of the whole article in promoting students' physical and mental development in reading teaching.
3. Classroom forms rely too much on auxiliary means and give up the essence.
We don't deny the convenience and miracle brought by science and technology, but the negative effects brought by the introduction of multimedia teaching and other auxiliary teaching facilities can not be ignored. In the process of using multimedia in teaching, some teachers pay too much attention to the visual effect produced by multimedia, only pay attention to the form and ignore the teaching content. Teachers can only attract students' attention at a shallow level, but it is difficult for students to achieve the effect of deep singing in the learning process. Many teachers' courseware is designed in various colors and forms, which not only attracts students' attention, but also distracts them? It will turn the Chinese classroom into a pile of courseware and make students lose their subjective initiative. ? [2]42 students focus on pleasing courseware, but are indifferent to the teacher's explanation and inspiration, and can't deeply understand and master the knowledge displayed in the courseware. Although the big screen can introduce a lot of sounds, pictures, videos and so on. Entering the classroom and increasing the richness of the classroom, reading teaching, as a highly humanistic field, should mobilize students' thinking and imagination through reading and language modification. From this point of view, multimedia is limited, and it is difficult to compare with students' imaginations inspired by teachers.
Second, improve the teaching of Chinese reading countermeasures
1. Gradually establish the leading position of reading teaching and broaden the boundaries of students' divergent reading thinking.
In traditional Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools, exams have always been in a guiding position, and the direct purpose of reading is to make the most perfect answer in exams. However, the evaluation function of the exam can't and shouldn't completely determine the whole system goal of reading learning, can't be used as the benchmark evaluation of students' Chinese thinking orientation, and can only play a certain role in urging learning and improving enthusiasm. In reading teaching, teachers should not limit their eyes to the disassembly and analysis of a text, but should start from the essential role of the whole Chinese teaching, take the text as the guide, and break through the obstacles of classroom explanation and reading. For example, in studying Mo Huaiqi's "Travel", students can taste deep affection in the process of reading and learning; By reading Zhu Ziqing's back, we can perceive the expression of father's love from his father's every move. This is the eternal essence of human nature and biological individuals. Student consciousness from the perspective of authenticity is an important field that cannot be ignored in Chinese teaching. In the process of reading teaching, teachers can grasp such key points and inspire students to read excellent works about family ties at any time. In this way, through reading teaching, students can not only appreciate the value of reading, but also appreciate the humanistic values such as emotion, imagination and reasoning of excellent literary works. In this way, reading is not only to enable students to successfully complete their academic tasks, but also to promote the healthy development of students' body and mind, which can not be obtained by examinations.
2. Give full play to the unique charm of reading and attract students to read independently.
Any learning motivation should come from itself, not from external oppression and promotion. The impact of external pressure just can't last long. Active learning and acceptance are the most important factors in Chinese learning. The essence of teachers' learning skills and guidance is to maintain the persistence of interest. Teachers should be able to arouse students' interest in independent reading from bit by bit teaching practice. Let them understand the emotional connotation of reading and turn reading into experience and enjoyment. ? [3] First of all, we should encourage students to establish confidence in reading and learning, so that students can realize that reading is a very happy thing, and many unexpected surprises can be gained through reading, which will arouse emotions. Secondly, the teaching forms should be diverse. For example, in the process of reading, students can use the methods of scene reproduction and role reading to enhance their grasp of the article and understanding of the central idea with a more realistic picture sense. Before learning an article, students can tell students through their own similar experiences that reading is closely related to life, not castles in the air thousands of miles away.
3. Cultivate reading habits and improve reading ability.
Reading habit is a kind of endurance to a certain extent, and it is also an important way to preserve knowledge in the learning process. You can find more pleasure in reading from your interests, and you can find a new step in reading and even your own literacy from your habits because of the qualitative change caused by quantitative change. All reading skills and reading accumulation are completed on the basis of a lot of reading by predecessors. Students and teachers should first have the habit of reading frequently. This is not only the accumulation of knowledge, but also the noble baptism of mind and spirit. For example, students can read some ancient poems, experience the enthusiasm and heroism of the ancients for life, read the elegance and freedom of the poet for life, and recall the passionate feelings for the people of the country revealed between the lines. Of course, we must master the necessary reading skills, but reading skills serve reading practice. We can't simply explain the skills and forget how to implement them, and how to let students get more songs of the heart, not just the so-called skills of cramming. Sometimes skills not only come from the formulas listed on the blackboard by the teacher, but are discovered and realized in the process of repeated taste and reading. Any teacher should act as a guide in the whole reading teaching, instead of directly providing delicious food to students like a chef. Therefore, both students and teachers should have a more accurate understanding of their own positioning.
4. Pay more attention to the combination of traditional cultural and moral cultivation and Chinese reading teaching.
An important task of the humanities is to pass on the spiritual qualities that have been preserved from generation to generation and are worth learning and respecting. Anyone who studies Chinese should realize this and do it seriously. In the practice of reading teaching, especially in the teaching of articles related to classical literature, such goals and tasks are more obvious. For example, when reading and studying the text "Lu Punches Kansai Town", students should not simply think that Lu is a brave and heartless image, but should learn more about Lu's story, so that students can know that we should learn more positive personality charm from him, such as the chivalrous spirit of helping others when encountering difficulties, the spirit of sacrifice regardless of their own safety, and the loyalty of helping each other among friends, which are lacking in today's society. In the process of reading teaching, we should combine the current social background of moral deficiency and lack of trust between people, and educate students to cultivate more perfect personality from traditional excellent culture in this way, so that students can realize the release of their hearts and the free extension of their ideological realm in the process of reading.
References:
[1] Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China (PRC). Chinese curriculum standard for full-time compulsory education [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 20 1 1.
[2] Fan. Problems and countermeasures in junior middle school Chinese reading teaching [J]. Academic Weekly, 20 15(3).
[3] Zhao Yan. Problems and countermeasures in junior middle school Chinese reading teaching [D]. Dalian: Liaoning Normal University, 20 13.
Chinese reading education model II: Current Chinese reading teaching research Abstract: In Chinese teaching, teachers should use multimedia technology to create learning situations for students, so that students can have a deeper learning experience. If students want to learn Chinese well, they should not only have good writing ability, but also have rich emotions, such as writing a composition. If you want to write a good composition, you must have rich emotions.
Keywords: Chinese reading; teaching
Chinese reading teaching pays attention to students' literary accomplishment, thinking ability and language expression ability. In order to make students develop in an all-round way, we must attach importance to students' Chinese reading ability, adopt step-by-step teaching methods to guide students, constantly improve their enthusiasm and initiative in Chinese reading, and let students gain a sense of accomplishment in Chinese reading teaching.
First, the problems in primary school Chinese reading teaching
1. Do not pay attention to cultivating students' initiative
Traditional reading teaching is mainly based on teachers' indoctrination, while classroom teaching pays more attention to imparting knowledge, ignoring students' dominant position to a great extent. Because students passively accept knowledge and have little communication with teachers, students gradually lose interest in reading, which reduces the quality of Chinese reading teaching.
2. Do not pay attention to students' personalized reading.
In Chinese reading teaching, teachers generally lead students to learn, leaving students few opportunities for autonomous learning. Students can't think and feel the connotation of the article alone, which leads to boring, simplified and rigid Chinese reading teaching in primary schools. Students just follow the teacher's instructions to complete the reading teaching task mechanically, but they don't really absorb themselves and feel themselves.
3. Lack of effective application of scenario creation mode
Stimulating students' interest in learning is the key to improve the quality of Chinese reading teaching. However, the current Chinese reading class ignores the application of situational creation, and Chinese reading teaching has formed a teaching mode of learning for learning and reading text content, which leads to the rigidity of Chinese reading teaching mode and poor learning effect for students.
Second, the improvement of primary school Chinese reading teaching countermeasures
1. Improve students' reading interest
Pupils are in a special period of physical and mental development and have a strong curiosity about things. Chinese reading teaching in primary schools should make full use of students' psychological characteristics, stimulate students' curiosity and guide students to think by using suspense, so as to achieve twice the result with half the effort. At the same time, teachers and students establish an equal dialogue relationship, so that students want to talk, are willing to talk and are willing to talk. Therefore, we should try our best to provide students with opportunities for autonomous learning and cooperative inquiry, put them in the situation of exploring problems, stimulate students' strong curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and actively explore new knowledge. The application of multimedia can provide students with concrete and vivid images, effectively stimulate their curiosity, not only inspire their thinking, but also cultivate their language expression ability. For example, "Pangu Begins the Creation", because it is difficult for students to walk into the fairy tale situation described by words, our classroom should create animated situations such as forest fires, floods and wild animals, visualize the reading of words, and render the situation with images and real pictures, so that students can deeply understand the language and emotion of the article and fully stimulate their interest in reading and learning.
2. Strengthen students' emotional experience
Vivid and infectious language expression can bring students into the article, immerse them in it, and the scene of reading the article emerges in their minds. Therefore, teachers should use vivid language to introduce students into reading content, or vividly describe reading articles to stimulate students' imagination. For example, in the article "Little Tadpoles Looking for Mom", the author created a game situation for students to play with little tadpoles by taking advantage of their playful nature, and read the article in combination with the situation. Reading teaching is a process of dialogue, and it is necessary to create various dialogue situations to stimulate students' enthusiasm for asking and discussing questions. First of all, the author puts forward the problems that need to be solved according to the teaching content, creates problem situations to stimulate students' thirst for knowledge, and at the same time provides specific conditions for students to discover and explore problems. Secondly, by creating game activity situations, students are guided to solve reading problems independently.
3. Using reading situation to improve students' writing ability
In Chinese teaching, teachers should use multimedia technology to create learning situations for students, so that students can have a deeper learning experience. If students want to learn Chinese well, they should not only have good writing ability, but also have rich emotions, such as writing a composition. If you want to write a good composition, you must have rich emotions. For students with rich emotions, when writing a composition, they will feel that there are always endless words and they can write beautiful language. But some students can't write when they see the composition, and they don't know where to start. For such students, teachers should educate them and improve their perception of things. For example, learn from Uncle Lei Feng, where are you, and the teacher can arrange for students to complete one? Do good deeds? Write a composition about your feelings and communicate with other students in class. Multimedia technology can also learn from each other. In the process of preparing lessons, teachers can refer to the multimedia teaching courseware of excellent teachers to make their teaching more vivid and interesting. Chinese reading teaching in primary schools is very important for students' literary accomplishment and quality education. Improving the quality of Chinese reading teaching in primary schools is a long-term process, which requires the joint efforts of Chinese teachers in primary schools. Therefore, in Chinese reading teaching in primary schools, teachers should create appropriate situations in time based on learning situations, teaching and real life. Only in this way can the quality of Chinese reading teaching in primary schools be improved.
refer to
1、? Nationalization of education in China? Try Reading Sun Liquan's Dongjiang Daily on March 25th, 2005.