Keywords: logistics system framework implementation steps
Modern logistics industry is a new industry with great potential, which is known as the "third profit" after material resources and human resources. With the change of economic situation at home and abroad and the maturity of the development conditions of logistics industry, the establishment of socialized logistics system in China will be imminent. The establishment of socialized logistics system will realize the pattern of large circulation, large logistics and large market, thus effectively reducing the circulation cost, realizing rapid response, breaking regional blockade and local protectionism, forming a chess game of national logistics, and connecting with the international community at the same time, thus occupying a place in the process of global economic integration.
Analysis on the Construction Conditions of Socialized Logistics System
The development of economy determines the status of logistics.
According to the data analysis, the average growth of gross national product 1 percentage point in 1980s will lead to an increase of 0.995 percentage point in cargo turnover, and the average elasticity coefficient in 1990s is 0.98 1, which shows that the logistics demand is almost synchronized with the economic growth before the industrialization is completed. China's GDP is increasing year by year, and now it is the fourth in the world. This shows that the status of the logistics industry in China cannot be underestimated.
The entry of multinational enterprises has promoted the development of logistics industry.
According to statistics, 80% of the world's top 500 enterprises have entered the China market, and China's status as a "world factory" is basically determined. The entry of foreign-funded enterprises, on the one hand, brings the concept of modern logistics and advanced operation mode, on the other hand, it is also urgent to hope that China can take the modern logistics system as the service guarantee for its transnational production and operation. The basic practice of multinational companies is usually to adopt logistics outsourcing and logistics integration, which is
This puts forward an arduous task for the development of modern logistics in China.
China's logistics market has huge profits.
With the intensification of competition, the cost compression of labor and artificial materials tends to be saturated, and the cost control will turn to the logistics field of "third profit". According to the calculation of the World Bank, at present, the logistics cost of China accounts for 16.9% of GDP, while that of European and American countries only accounts for about 10% of GDP. It can be seen that the logistics cost of China is much higher than that of advanced countries in Europe and America. Based on the GDP in 2005 (182321100 million yuan), if the logistics cost is reduced by one percentage point, China will get a net profit of1823 million yuan, which shows that there is a great room for reducing the logistics cost in China and there is great potential for logistics profit. The huge logistics profit space urges China to establish an efficient and applicable socialized logistics system.
The construction of logistics laws and regulations in China has been fully launched.
In March of 20001year, after six ministries and commissions issued "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Modern Logistics in China", relevant ministries and commissions successively issued a number of policies and regulations. For example, Several Opinions on Promoting the Comprehensive Logistics Development of Transportation Enterprises, Regulations on the Administration of Foreign-invested Road Transportation Industry, Measures for the Administration of Foreign-invested International Freight Forwarders, People's Republic of China (PRC) Shipping Regulations, China Civil Aviation International Transportation Rules, Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) on Tax Policies of Pilot Logistics Enterprises, and Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Development of Circulation Industry, etc. In 2005, nine ministries and commissions jointly issued the Policy on Promoting the Development of Modern Logistics, which provided good conditions for the development of enterprises.
With the introduction of various policies and the support of governments at all levels, the development of China's logistics industry has entered a virtuous circle stage.
Infrastructure construction in China has begun to take shape.
According to the latest statistics of the Ministry of Communications, by the end of 2005, the total mileage of highways in China will exceed 6.5438+0.9 million kilometers, and expressways will approach 40,000 kilometers. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, China's expressway mileage jumped to the second place in the world, adding 24,000 kilometers of expressways. The expressway traffic network in China, which runs from east to west and directly from north to south, has basically taken shape. There are *** 14 1 civil airports in China, with an annual cargo turnover of 565,438+600 million tons of kilometers and scheduled flights reaching 1 176. Among them, domestic routes 10 15, cities 130, international routes 16 1, 33 countries and 66 cities. Air transport capacity has been significantly enhanced. There are 33,450 productive berths and 822 deep-water berths in the coastal and inland rivers of China. The container throughput exceeds 27 million TEUs, and the cargo throughput is 2.68 billion tons. There are seven ports with a capacity of over 6,543.8 billion tons.
From the above analysis, we can see that the basic conditions for constructing China's socialized logistics system have been met. In order to better serve the society, it is necessary for us to establish a logistics system with smooth, convenient, timely, economical and reasonable goods flow and customer satisfaction.
Framework Construction of Socialized Logistics System
Because the benefits of modern logistics are rooted in integration, and the integration of logistics depends on market demand, especially the industrial integration process of manufacturing and commercial enterprises themselves. On the one hand, this integration process is characterized by horizontal chaining, on the other hand, it is characterized by the formation of vertical supply chain relations. Logistics industrial and commercial enterprises are the main body
First of all, industrial and commercial enterprises, as demanders of modern logistics services, must enhance their awareness of modern logistics and realize that logistics is closely related to the overall work of modern enterprises. Doing a good job in enterprise logistics and optimizing the supply chain can not only save money and increase expenditure, but also save money, reduce costs, improve the added value of products and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. It has been more than 20 years since the introduction of modern logistics concept in China to the operation of logistics industry today. The infrastructure, laws and regulations have achieved initial results and accumulated practical experience in recent years. Therefore, it can be said that industrial and commercial enterprises have high expectations for improving enterprise efficiency through logistics outsourcing, and at the same time have a further understanding of the value that logistics can create. In order to connect with the global economy, reduce product costs and improve the competitiveness of enterprises, it is necessary for industrial and commercial enterprises to use professional logistics services. Personalized logistics service promotes the formation of logistics system
The demand of industrial and commercial enterprises for logistics is ever-changing, and some enterprises adopt zero inventory production, which requires logistics enterprises to provide timely delivery and rapid logistics; Some enterprises adopt direct selling mode, which requires close cooperation between logistics enterprises and production enterprises and adopts supply chain logistics; As a commercial enterprise, in order to better meet the needs of customers, it needs distribution logistics. In short, the needs of enterprises are different, and the services provided by logistics services should also be different. Therefore, in the logistics system, logistics enterprises should have their own characteristics, which can specialize in individual logistics or integrated logistics services; You can only engage in a certain part of logistics, such as transportation and warehousing, or you can engage in comprehensive logistics, integrate all the functions of logistics business, and provide personalized logistics services for industrial and commercial enterprises.
As the providers of logistics services, transportation, warehousing and distribution, freight forwarding, professional logistics and other enterprises must break through the traditional business philosophy and mode, take market demand as the guide and customer satisfaction as the goal, and provide the whole process and all-round modern logistics services. The way, scope, variety and object of logistics service can be varied and have their own characteristics, and one model cannot be forced. Enterprises should not only be competitive, but also be
This cooperative relationship is the result of modern logistics, with complementary advantages and mutual benefit.
The administrative department creates a good development environment
From the government's point of view, as a city, a region and a country, promoting economic development is the primary task of governments at all levels. From an economic point of view, because the development of logistics industry will become an important part of regional economic development, in the process of promoting the development of logistics industry, the government should adopt some policies, including formulating industrial policies to encourage it; It is the unshirkable responsibility of government departments to formulate local logistics planning, start logistics infrastructure construction and promote the steady and healthy development of logistics enterprises. For another example, the construction of electronic customs clearance will accelerate the efficiency of logistics operation and reduce operating costs; The formulation of relevant tax laws by tax authorities can not be underestimated for the development and support of the logistics industry.
In a word, the construction of socialized logistics system is a long process. In this system, all departments and industries should coordinate their operations, provide good services, and strive to reduce the operation of the whole social system.