1. Route optimization: Optimization modeling can be used for route planning and optimization. By establishing a complex mathematical model, the most economical and effective route can be found by comprehensively considering many factors such as flight distance, flight time, fuel consumption and passenger comfort. This will help airlines reduce operating costs and improve operational efficiency.

2. Fleet management optimization: Optimization modeling can be used for fleet management and scheduling. By establishing a model and comprehensively considering factors such as aircraft maintenance, flight plan and fuel efficiency, the scheduling and arrangement of the fleet can be optimized and the overall operation efficiency of the fleet can be improved.

3. Flight scheduling optimization: Optimization modeling can be used for flight scheduling and arrangement. By considering passenger demand, aircraft availability, weather conditions and other factors, a model is established to optimize flight scheduling and improve passenger satisfaction and operational efficiency.

4. Airport management optimization: Optimization modeling can be used for airport management and operation. By considering airport capacity, flight plan, passenger flow and other factors, a model can be established to optimize airport operation management and improve airport throughput and operation efficiency.

The role of optimization modeling:

1. Decision Support: Optimization modeling can provide decision support for enterprises or organizations. By establishing a mathematical model, we can analyze various possible choices and results, thus helping decision makers to make more sensible and effective decisions.

2. Resource allocation: Optimization modeling can be used for resource allocation. For example, in supply chain management, models can be established to optimize inventory management, transportation planning and order distribution, thus improving efficiency and reducing costs.

3. Planning: Optimized modeling helps to make long-term or short-term plans. For example, in manufacturing industry, production planning, scheduling and scheduling can be optimized by establishing models, thus improving production efficiency and product quality.

4. Risk management: Optimized modeling can help identify and manage risks. By establishing a model to analyze the potential risk factors and impacts, we can formulate more effective risk management strategies and reduce the impact of risks on enterprises or organizations.