Keywords: construction of civil servants' professional ethics?
About the author: Zhao Sha, a lecturer at the Party School of Tieling Municipal Committee, is mainly engaged in the research and teaching of the basic theory of law. ?
China Library Classification Number: D648 Document Identification Number: A Document Number:1009-0592 (2016) 03-188-02?
First, the connotation of civil servants' professional ethics?
A civil servant refers to a staff member who exercises public office in accordance with laws and regulations, pays wages and benefits by the state financial department, and is in the establishment of the state administrative unit. Simply put, civil servants are people who work in government departments. ?
Professional ethics refers to the sum of moral standards, moral sentiments and moral qualities put forward by one's own profession and closely related to people's professional activities. It includes not only its own standardized professional behavior, but also its moral responsibility to the industry and society. The professional ethics of civil servants refers to the moral concepts and behaviors that civil servants should have and abide by in public activities. ?
Our government is a government serving the people, whose main feature is publicity, and the embodiment of serving the people and publicity mainly depends on the professional group of civil servants. Civil servants exercise their right to work through the government rather than the people, so their work should reflect the publicity of organization, power and interests. ?
This requires civil servants to strictly abide by professional ethics when performing public duties, that is, to be honest, to fulfill their duties, to be loyal to the country and to serve the people. One of the most basic and important points is to take the maintenance and satisfaction of public rights and interests as the benchmark of your professional behavior, and then try your best to meet the public interests. ?
The traditional official standard thought is deeply rooted in our country. As a special group in the authority, the professional ethics level of civil servants has more social mission and political significance. The practice of professional ethics of civil servants in China can show the development of social morality in China to a certain extent, and even play an important role in predicting the future development trend of national morality. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for society, government and citizens to understand and analyze the current situation of civil servants' professional ethics in China. ?
2. What achievements have been made and what problems exist in the construction of civil servants' professional ethics in China?
(A) the achievements of China's civil servants' professional ethics construction?
Since the reform and opening up, many achievements have been made in the professional ethics construction of civil servants in China. An effective survey shows that the achievements of moral construction of public officials in China are particularly prominent in three aspects: severely punishing civil servants with moral decay, perfecting the moral investigation mechanism such as accountability officials, and embodying the contents of civil servants' moral norms in relevant laws and regulations. This shows that Chinese citizens' recognition of civil servants' moral construction has improved. ?
1. Civil servants' organizations have raised their awareness of civil servants' professional ethics.
Compared with other professional ethics, the professional ethics of civil servants shows its unique characteristics: its professional ethics requirements should be political; Its professional ethics behavior should reflect a wide range of social influences; The practice of professional ethics should be compulsory. Civil servants often face the conflict between "private interests" and "public interests" because they have the right to hold public office and their own weaknesses. In order to avoid the phenomenon of civil servants abusing power for personal gain, in recent years, China has newly revised and promulgated relevant laws and regulations to regulate the professional behavior of civil servants from the perspective of legal coercion. Under the double restriction of legal effect and moral norms, the professional ethics consciousness of civil servants in China has been obviously strengthened. ?
According to the survey, nearly half of the civil servants think that "civil servants have higher moral requirements than ordinary citizens", and one third think that "in addition to professional moral requirements, civil servants should also have higher ethical realm and moral cultivation", which is as high as four fifths. Only 1% of civil servants think that "politics has rules of the game, and there is no morality or immorality". In another survey, nearly seven out of ten civil servants believe that the most important code of conduct that civil servants should follow in practical work is "honesty". ?
2. Civil servants have strengthened their awareness of rules and legal concepts.
The basic professional ethics requirements of civil servants should be to act according to law, act fairly and exercise power in the sun. Although it takes a long time to translate these basic requirements into practice in the actual implementation process. At present, there are still some civil servants in our country who cannot strictly abide by these requirements. However, judging from the long-term construction of civil servants' professional ethics in China, it is rare for civil servants in China to put their own interests above the law. With the continuous development of China's legal system, China's laws and regulations system is constantly improving, and the current supervision system for civil servants' professional behavior is also constantly improving, and the supervision forces and channels are also constantly diversified. The cost and risk of civil servants breaking the law are getting higher and higher, and then the concept of obeying the law is getting stronger and stronger, and they are more and more awed by laws and regulations. ?
The survey shows that the vast majority of civil servants are familiar with their professional ethics, and only about 4% of civil servants are not familiar with their professional ethics. Another survey shows that civil servants generally believe that "integrity" and "fairness" should be their first practical code of conduct. It can be seen that civil servants have generally strengthened their awareness of rules and legal concepts. With the increasing anti-corruption efforts in China, more and more corrupt elements have been punished by law and morality, which has also played a great warning role for other public officials. ?
3. The service consciousness and dedication of civil servants have been strengthened.
Since our party and government began to strengthen the service consciousness of civil servants, the consciousness of serving the people and being willing to contribute to the people has been strengthened. An effective survey shows that more than two-fifths of civil servants "strongly agree" with the moral requirements of serving the people, and more than half "agree" with the moral requirements of serving the people. It can be seen that most civil servants have established the concept of serving the people in their hearts. More than four fifths of the civil servants are full of sympathy for the socially disadvantaged groups, which reflects the high sense of social responsibility of civil servants. Most civil servants hate corruption and lack patriotism. This reflects the development and progress of civil servants' moral construction in China. ?
(2) The professional ethics of civil servants in China?
Some civil servants are duplicitous in appearance and even show double moral personality. In the civil service, some people take advantage of their positions to seek personal gain as the starting point and purpose of their work, and then secretly do things that violate the law and people's rights and interests. Under such incorrect professional ethics, these people often talk more and do less; Positive attitude and little action. ?
Since the implementation of the civil service system in China, the system related to civil servants has become more and more complete: the system of selecting and appointing civil servants has been continuously improved, and the standard of employing people has moved closer to "having both ability and political integrity and putting morality first". However, there are still many unfair and unreasonable phenomena in reality. Illegal phenomena such as cronyism, cronyism and even buying and selling officials still occur from time to time. The author believes that the main reasons for these phenomena are that the construction of morality and law is not perfect, and the legal restriction and moral supervision are not organically combined. ?
Third, the countermeasures for the professional ethics construction of civil servants in China?
After analyzing the problems existing in the construction of civil servants' professional ethics in China, this paper analyzes the strategies to strengthen the construction of civil servants' professional ethics from two aspects of morality and law. ?
(1) Strengthen the professional ethics and belief education of civil servants?
If there is no morality, why believe it? If civil servants do not have noble moral sentiments, how can they really serve the people? Even under the supervision of moral mechanism, it is inevitable to do things that violate the requirements of professional ethics. Therefore, the author believes that in the recruitment of civil servants, moral character should be added to the civil service examination, and moral achievements should be included in the recruitment criteria of civil servants, so that public servants who can enter the civil service system can have higher moral standards. In addition, after the official employment of civil servants, the unit where they work should also organize training regularly and irregularly, discuss the current hot moral events and the bribery incidents of government officials in the form of exchange meetings, improve the moral awareness and professional ethics awareness of civil servants, and finally achieve the purpose of strengthening the professional ethics belief of civil servants. For example, in 20 15, Tieling city, Liaoning province started the year of building grass-roots organizations, defined "one theme", implemented "six major projects" and strengthened "three guarantees", so that grass-roots party organizations made all-round progress. Among them, the second of the "six projects" is to implement the quality improvement project, with the focus on training grass-roots civil servants to improve their moral literacy and professional quality. ?
(2) Strengthen the legalization of civil servants' professional ethics?
The reason why the legalization process of civil servants' professional ethics is vigorously strengthened is that civil servants hold huge social public power. It is difficult to really eliminate the source of civil servant corruption by relying solely on moral supervision and self-discipline. Corruption is not only a poison that harms society, but also an untimely bomb hidden around civil servants, which is likely to bring losses to society and people. Legalized moral restraint is equivalent to invisibly setting a warning line for civil servants, making them want to "rot" but dare not "rot". Legalization of civil servants' morality should be a systematic project, including legalization of civil servants' morality, institutionalization of civil servants' moral behavior rules and optimization of external welfare conditions. ?
The focus of legalization of civil servants' professional ethics should be to improve the legislation of civil servants' professional ethics and establish and improve the punishment institutions that violate civil servants' professional ethics; Institutionalize the rules of civil servants' moral behavior, take professional ethics as an important criterion for selecting civil servants and an important basis for assessment and reward, and make it legal. In addition, we must constantly improve the treatment and welfare of civil servants, so that their quality of life can be substantially improved. ?
(3) Strengthen the professional ethics and cultural taste of civil servants?
In order to survive and develop, civil servants must take a distinctive and tasteful development path under the guidance of new educational concepts and new educational models. As a civil servant, whether doing things as a person or being an official in politics, we should create a brand-new three-dimensional and open concept of ideological and political work, and create an environment, an atmosphere and an education. This is the cultural taste of civil servants. First, cultural taste is the quality, grade and brand of civil servants' work. Cultural taste means quality, taste and brand, and it means products with considerable popularity and wide influence. No matter what product, only when it reaches a certain level can it become a brand. Each brand product has its own personality, image, culture, structure, popularity and reputation. The vitality of civil servants' political work lies not in how much physical space it has, but in how much educational space it has, and whether there is a spiritual culture in the minds and hearts of civil servants. This is the essence of cultural taste. The second is to gather wisdom and shape the working environment of civil servants with cultural taste. Society should have cultural taste, first of all, civil servants should have cultural taste, and what kind of cultural taste civil servants have, society will have what kind of cultural taste. The cultural taste of civil servants mainly refers to: first, the atmosphere, that is, the realm, can comprehensively think about the layout of ideological and political work and plan the development of political work in the long run; Second, be generous, have a mind, be eclectic, and be good at learning from others; Third, we should have great wisdom, great wisdom and scientific management art, and concentrate on promoting development; Fourth, be brave, do something, face difficulties and work hard; In the end, it can be a great success and realize the ideal of civil service work. The third is to improve the cultural taste of civil servants. To improve the cultural taste of civil servants, we should not only inherit history, but also conform to the times and reflect development. To improve the comprehensive quality of civil servants, especially their cultural taste, we must make more efforts in strengthening cultural accomplishment, maintaining healthy interest and creating a cultural atmosphere. ?
Fourth, the conclusion?
How to strengthen the construction of civil servants' professional ethics and shape the image of civil servants serving the people is of great significance to improving the national moral level and building a clean government. In the long run, the moral construction of civil servants in China still faces many difficulties. However, the author believes that with the continuous exploration of the government and society, the professional ethics construction of civil servants in China will surely enter a new stage. ?