Michael faraday was born in Newington, England in 179 1. His father was a blacksmith and his family was poor, so Faraday had no formal education. He settled in London with his family at the age of 5, and began to work as a newsboy at the age of 12. 13 years old, worked as an apprentice in a bookstore for 8 years. This job had a great influence on his life. He had the opportunity to read many scientific books, among which Encyclopedia Britannica and Random Talk on Chemistry had the deepest influence on him. According to what he learned, he used his frugal pocket money to buy some simple equipment, did some simple chemical experiments and started his initial "scientific research". 18 12 years, with the help of others, he was lucky enough to listen to four speeches by David, the famous scientist and president of the Royal Society. He was immediately attracted by these speeches and hoped to "work in the science department". He boldly wrote this wish to David, and attached carefully arranged and illustrated listening notes. David himself lost his father when he was young, dropped out of school at the age of 15, worked as an apprentice, and embarked on the road of scientific research by self-study, so he expressed deep sympathy for Faraday's life experience and spirit of loving science. 18 13 In March, Faraday was recommended to be his assistant in the laboratory of the Royal Institute. 10 In June, Faraday went to the European continent with David for an academic investigation, thus learning a lot of scientific research methods and broadening his horizons. The first article was published in 18 16. 182 1 year served as the director of the laboratory of the royal institute and began to study electromagnetism. 10, he discovered the law of electromagnetic induction and laid the theoretical foundation of classical electromagnetism.

Faraday is always a person who works hard and keeps learning. Only work and study will make him happy and satisfy him. 1867 On August 25th, he sat in a chair in his study, stopped breathing smoothly, and died peacefully at the age of 76.

The discovery of current magnetic effect reveals the internal relationship between electricity and magnetism. Faraday learned about Oster's experiment and repeated it on September 3rd, 182 1. He put the small magnetic needle in different places around the current-carrying wire and found that the small magnetic needle had a tendency to move in a circle around the wire. This made him immediately think: since electric energy produces magnetism, why can't magnetism produce electricity? Electricity is a very precious thing. Volta batteries are expensive and lack electricity, and magnets are everywhere. If magnets are used to generate electricity, the cost of electricity will be very cheap, so its significance will not be limited to the laboratory, but linked to human daily life, with inestimable social and economic benefits.

Since then, Faraday has done a lot of experiments. He inserted a magnet into the copper coil and connected it to the ammeter. There is no current. He approached the uncharged wire with a live wire, and then used a big magnet. When he measured with an ammeter, he didn't find any current in the wire. Is your own idea wrong? I won't! Faraday is convinced that the forces in nature are unified and can be transformed into each other. Electricity and magnetism should also be unified and convertible, not to mention that electricity produces magnetism through experiments, so magnetism will certainly produce electricity! It is this firm scientific belief that Faraday tirelessly conducted experiments for 10 years. One method failed, and another method was changed. One experiment failed, and then another came. On August 29th, 183 1, he finally succeeded.

He used a soft iron ring with a thickness of 2.22 cm and an outer diameter of 15.24 cm. Two insulated coils A and B are wound around the ring to ensure that electricity cannot go from A to B, and it is impossible to go from B to A. Both ends of B are connected by a copper wire. Form a closed loop. A is connected with a battery pack consisting of 10 batteries and a switch k to form a closed loop. Faraday's way of thinking is: K is closed and circuit A has electricity. Oster has found that electricity can produce magnetism, which can be conducted to B along the iron ring. If magnetic energy can generate electricity, the magnetism from the iron ring will generate current in the closed circuit of B, and the current in B can be detected by galvanometer or small magnetic needle. He placed a magnetic needle in the closed loop, first closed the switch K, and then observed the magnetic needle, and the magnetic needle did not move! Faraday is getting impatient. He stared at the magnetic needle stupefied and muttered, "Why don't you move?" He turned off the switch k without looking back, but accidentally saw the magnetic needle swing. "Was it blown by the wind?" When he turned K off and then on, he found that the magnetic needle was oscillating. Faraday was very happy. He is convinced that the closing and opening of the switch makes the magnetic needle rotate. He immediately thought that this was the phenomenon of magnetic energy power generation that he had been looking for for for nearly 10 years!

In order to further prove the phenomenon of magnetic power generation, Faraday conducted a large-scale experiment on1831kloc-0/0/07. He wound a 67-meter-long copper wire around an empty long cylinder and connected an ammeter at both ends of the copper wire. Then he picked up a rectangular magnet with a length of 2.13cm and a diameter of1.9cm, and quickly inserted and pulled out the cylinder. Faraday found that the pointer of the ammeter moved and the pointer deflected in the opposite direction. In other words, magnetism can generate electricity. It generates current through the mechanical movement of magnets, forming the original model of our first current generator.

183 1 year, Faraday began to write his three-volume masterpiece "Experimental Research on Electricity", which was published in 1837, 1844 and 1855 respectively. His exquisite experiments are all included in this masterpiece, which vividly describes his profound views on physics. This masterpiece laid the theoretical foundation of classical electromagnetism, so Faraday was called "the founder of classical electromagnetism".

Faraday is the greatest experimental physicist in the field of electromagnetism in the19th century and the founder of classical electromagnetism. At the same time, Faraday is a model of self-taught, and his efforts and unremitting pursuit of truth will always inspire future generations.