1. solar module's power generation principle is photovoltaic effect. Without light, there is no "volt", that is, there is no power generation, but it is not absolutely no power generation, depending on the severity of shading. Blocking direct light and scattered light will also generate a certain amount of electricity. For example, the thin film module absorbs scattered light, so weak light is better. In addition, solar module is composed of dozens of solar cells connected in series and parallel, so shielding the cells in different areas has different effects on power generation. This price is more complicated, so you can write a separate paper. In short, shielding affects power generation first.

2, fallen leaves, bird droppings and other similar small areas are completely blocked, which not only affects power generation, but also seriously leads to component damage. This is the hot spot effect. When the battery is shielded by a small shield, the shielded part forms a resistance, and the uncovered part is used as a power supply. After a long time, the "resistor" heats up, which accelerates the aging of the shielding battery, further heats up until the battery burns out, and finally the whole module is damaged. No matter what components have this problem.

Other than that, nothing else.