1. What are the characteristics of text analysis technology? Because the word meaning library is formed through self-learning, there is no need to establish a huge dictionary library in advance. The most important thing is that learning is continuous, and the system's understanding of word meaning will change with the changes of the outside world, and new words can be added continuously.

Because the meaning of the same word may be different for different people, we can form our own sub-word meaning library according to each user's habits, and we can use the sub-word meaning library to analyze the text twice to produce personalized results. The learning of the system can be divided into two ways: the knowledge learning system automatically carries out on the Internet, absorbs all kinds of information on the Internet without a specific destination, and analyzes and saves the collected information as knowledge. The whole process can be carried out 24 hours without human intervention.

Every time a user uses experiential learning, the result will be kept as experience, and the result of knowledge learning will be revised. Word segmentation technology does not pursue the accuracy of 100%, but pays attention to practicality and rapidity, and does not rely on huge vocabulary or knowledge base. Therefore, it can solve the word segmentation of people's names, place names and new words. Traditional word segmentation methods are difficult to solve these problems, especially the word segmentation of new words, which is almost a worldwide problem.

Because the whole core algorithm is not based on words, dictionaries and grammar, but starts from imitating human understanding of language. For example, a child can understand what others say without looking up dictionaries and grammar, so the core can be used in English and other written languages with a little modification, just like a baby, he can learn the local language in which country you put him.

2. Language characteristics of scientific writing In the science and engineering departments of European and American universities, in addition to special courses, the writing of academic papers and investigation reports should also be taught for 20-30 hours. Some universities have also set up master's and doctor's degrees in scientific writing, and scientific writers and journalists who take scientific writing as their profession have also appeared in society.

In China, in recent years, some universities have listed it as an elective course, some universities have held lectures, and some factories, research institutes, societies and associations have successively held various types of workshops and reports, which have been warmly welcomed by students and scientific and technological workers. (Applied Writing 1985 1 issue, page 33) The characteristics of scientific writing language: "Language is the most important communication tool for human beings".

Especially in today's rapid development of science and technology, it is particularly important to write scientific and technological works, exchange academic ideas and disseminate scientific research results in accurate, vivid, concise and vivid language. Careful, accurate, meticulous and accurate is a major feature of the language of scientific and technological works.

Whether the language of scientific and technological works is thorough and accurate is related to the success or failure of article writing. Careful refers to the logic between sentences.

Only when the sentences are logical can the language be thorough. Whether the language can be meticulous is a question of language logic.

This requires quick thinking, orderly and impeccable speech. Cautious language comes from rigorous thinking.

If the thinking is not rigorous and there are omissions, it will inevitably make the language not rigorous. At the same time, careful language also comes from the correct observation of objective things.

Because the article is a reflection of objective things. If the observation is incorrect, the language of the objective things reflected in the work will inevitably be incorrect.

Accuracy is a matter of words. Whether the words are accurate or not first reflects the author's attitude towards science itself.

People engaged in scientific research should treat science honestly. The ancients said: "The article is clear and every sentence is flawless; The sentences are clear in English, and the words are not awkward. "

Introduce the importance of the research topic. "Relative importance" cannot be written as "extremely important". Don't use the words "fill the gap", "international level", "domestic initiative" and "major innovation" easily.

Evaluate the work of predecessors and avoid rash remarks. The accuracy of words is also reflected in the author's language skills.

Objective things have different nature, scope, degree, relationship and so on. To accurately express these problems, we really need the spirit of "keeping the word steady and enduring the cold in the middle of the night". The ancients had a well-thought-out story. Lu Xun said, "You might as well change it several times after you finish writing" in order to choose the most accurate words to express it.

For example, "if two knives acting on an object are on the same straight line, the size is equal and the direction is opposite, then the two forces will be balanced." The expression of this balance principle is very accurate.

If the word "same" is changed to "same" and the word "equal" is changed to "same", it will be inaccurate. Clarity, standardization and standards are another feature of the language of scientific and technological works.

Language clarity means that the expression of language should be clear and clear, so that people can understand it after reading it. Clear language, it is important to use words and groups.

For example, "I made such achievements because I climbed the mountain." The ambiguity of this sentence makes people ask: "How can you achieve anything when you climb a high mountain?" If I change this sentence to "If what I see and what I find is a little bigger than Descartes and Bacon, it is because I stand on the shoulders of giants." .

This is a famous saying of Newton. Language clarity must also be pointed out clearly. The so-called reference means that pronouns refer to various notional phrases or sentences.

If used well, it can save pen and ink and make the article concise and clear. If used improperly, the relationship between context and meaning will be unclear. For example, "the higher the object is lifted, the greater the mass and the more potential energy."

The meaning of "it" in this sentence is very clear. On the contrary, some people don't know the source.

For example: "The greater the elastic deformation of an elastic object, the greater its potential energy." It is not clear whether "it" here refers to "elastic object" or "elastic deformation of elastic object".

If it is changed to "the greater the elastic deformation of an elastic object, the greater its potential energy", the reference will be clear. Normalization refers to the use of words and grammatical rules.

In the long-term language practice, people have gradually formed idioms and grammatical rules. It includes words, word order and sentence elements.

Standardize the use of words, first of all, don't make words. For example, "the combination of moving pulley and crown block is called pulley block".

Every word of this sentence meets the standard. But if it is changed to "live pulley and dead pulley are connected together, it is called pulley block", it is not standardized.

Secondly, don't abuse abbreviations. For example, some articles write "concrete" as "concrete" and "high-rise frame structure" as "elevated structure", which is not standardized.

Third, the word order should be fluent. The arrangement of word order should reflect the order of things.

Some sentences have no problem with words and syntax, but the word order is chaotic and the meaning is not clear. For example, "I closed the door, walked into the room and sat on the bed" violated the development logic of things themselves.

Only advanced rooms can be closed. Another example is: "The bottom containers connected with each other are called connectors", which is not smooth.

Containers with interconnected bottoms are called connectors. The fourth sentence should be complete.

Only when the sentence components are complete can the meaning be clearly expressed. If the sentence composition is incomplete, it does not meet the grammatical requirements.

Plain, simple, simple and concise is another feature of the language of scientific and technological works. The so-called plain, natural and simple, not seeking whitewash.

It is necessary to be "rich in literary talent" and "simple in arts and sciences". How can I be brief? (1) Try to understand things.

Without an understanding of objective things, you can't write a concise and meaningful article. (2) Efforts should be made to generalize and refine the language.

Be meticulous, choose rich language and express objective things. (3) Strive to reduce complexity and simplify work.

In short, the language of scientific and technological works should be thorough and accurate in order to correctly and appropriately express objective things, and it should be clear and standardized in order to clearly express objective things; Only plain and concise can we express objective things easily and directly. An excellent natural scientist should also be a linguist.

Language is a tool for writing. To express scientific research results accurately, vividly and vividly, you must have the skills to skillfully use this tool. Only through long-term training, continuous strengthening of training, reading and writing more about science and technology.

3. What are the main features of scientific literature?

? 1, academic?

Academics are also called theories. Scientific papers are purely academic articles. It requires scientific analysis, rigorous demonstration and abstract generalization of new problems in the field of natural science by using scientific principles and methods. Although it is based on a research project, an experiment, the development of a new product, etc. It is by no means a description of the appearance and process of objective things, nor is it a factual narrative. But through refining, processing and theoretical explanation. It can be seen that academic nature is the most basic feature of scientific papers.

2. Creativity?

The fundamental criterion to measure the value of scientific papers lies in their creativity. If there are no new creations, new insights, new discoveries and new inventions, there is no need to write a paper. Because the purpose of scientific research is to create. As a scientific research achievement, the task of a paper is to carry out academic exchanges and realize its scientific value. It can be seen that if the vast number of scientific and technological personnel can only inherit but not create, human civilization and history will not develop. ?

4. What are the characteristics of writing application?

Practical writing is an applied writing activity. Generally speaking, it is the study of the basic theory, knowledge and skills of practical writing. In school education, it is a comprehensive and practical basic course. From the perspective of reception aesthetics, writing activities have four basic elements, namely, the writing subject-the author; Writing object-objective things (including spiritual objects) reflected; Writing ontology (or carrier)-text; Writing receptor-the object of acceptance and action is the reader. These four elements constitute a complete and organic writing system.

Practical writing has the following characteristics:

practicability

The main task of practical writing is to solve practical problems. For example: to analyze economic activities, we must write economic contracts; For legal acts, you should write a complaint and a defense; Invitations, congratulatory letters and congratulatory messages should be written for ceremonial activities, obituaries should be written for the deceased, eulogies should be written for memorial service, and couplets should be posted on the doorframes for weddings, funerals and celebrations; Notice should be issued at the meeting, and important matters should be approved by superiors. In short, in order to do something, solve a problem, exchange experiences, dredge an emotion and reach an agreement, we must choose a specific language suitable for expression and stress practical results. It can be said that each style has strong practical value. Practical writing is not a style for people to appreciate and ponder, nor a style for scholars and poets to compete with, but a style for people to practice and use to achieve some utilitarian purpose.

(2) Authenticity

Practical writing requires the author to write in strict accordance with the true colors of objective things, and never allow fiction and imagination. Authenticity is the life of applied stylistic writing. Only by truly transmitting all kinds of information to all aspects of society, giving the upper level feelings and reaching the lower level feelings, will its stylistic value be effectively realized, otherwise it will be distorted and bring adverse effects and even harm to society.

(3) targeted

Practical writing has a clear utilitarian purpose, which is to deal with and solve practical problems in social life. Therefore, there are clear and specific recipients with strong colors. From the choice of genre, the arrangement of format to the use of words, we should choose and choose according to the purpose and audience of writing.

(4) timeliness

Timeliness includes three meanings: timeliness, timeliness and time limit of application. The so-called modernity is to closely integrate with reality, keep pace with the times and adapt to the changes and needs of the times. The so-called timeliness means that the writing task is required to be completed within a certain time limit. Delay will affect the function and even delay the work. The so-called effectiveness of action time refers to the direct effect only within a certain period of time. When the purpose of writing is realized, its direct function disappears and the text becomes archival material.

(5) Instrumentality

Practical writing itself is not a goal pursued by people, but a means to actively achieve a specific goal. It transmits all kinds of information through the medium of language, and plays an instrumental role in all aspects of society, economy, culture, science and technology and even daily life.

(6) Normality

Practical writing has a fixed style, rigorous format and accuracy. There are specific requirements for its text form and release procedures, and attention is paid to standardization. In actual writing, different kinds of practical writing have a set of corresponding styles to serve the content, and all have their usual formats, structures, techniques and writing requirements, which are relatively stable and will not change for a long time. Of course, what we call fixation is only relative fixation. From the long-term historical development, practical writing experience changes with the development of the times and social life.

Writing process: 1. Establish the theme (article title); 2. Select materials; 3. Arrangement structure; 4. Language expression;

5. Discuss the writing characteristics of scientific papers. The writing characteristics of scientific papers are theoretical analysis and summary of creative scientific research achievements.

Therefore, scientific papers are different from humanities and social sciences papers and general argumentative papers, and are scientific, theoretical, academic, accurate, innovative, original and normative. First of all, the author should grasp its characteristics when writing scientific papers.

The language is accurate, vivid and appropriate, and the content is accurate and thorough by using active sentences and complex sentences. Don't use too many adjectives to modify it, and avoid using vague words, such as "may, may, very,"

Secondly, the author is forbidden to evaluate himself with words such as "of great guiding significance" and "of great theoretical breakthrough". The significance of the paper should be evaluated by readers, and its effectiveness should be tested by practice. Thirdly, scientific papers usually use artificial language symbols such as charts, photos, formulas and chemical formulas as the expression forms of their related contents.

The characteristics of scientific papers can be summarized as four: academic, creative, scientific and documentary. (1) Academic papers discuss special problems in a certain scientific field, which are of strong research and debate nature, and focus on abstract and generalized narration or demonstration of things, reflecting not the external intuitive forms and processes of objective things, but the internal essence of things' development and the laws of change and evolution.

This is the most basic condition for the existence of academic papers. (2) A creative paper should reflect the author's unique understanding and viewpoint on the study of objective things. It should show new theories, new ideas, new methods, new theorems, and even fill the gaps in a certain field.

It can be expressed concisely in a few words. Of course, demonstrating this basic idea may require very rich materials and complicated reasoning.

But this kind of creativity is measured by the total amount of knowledge of all mankind, and it is measured in the world, not limited to a narrow range. Creativity is the basic criterion to determine the value of a paper.

(3) The contents of scientific papers must be objective facts. What is left? The internationally recognized truth should be a mature theory or technology that can stand the test of practice, should have the advanced level of contemporary science and technology, be technically feasible and not divorced from reality. If you want a good article, why are you running around here? We have everything here. We provide you with the most extensive ghostwriting service, and you can choose various ghostwriting services. We do our best only to satisfy you, and we do our duty only to win your trust.

Second, the writing skills of scientific papers The last step of the paper is to write it carefully. Before writing, we should sort out the research results, adjust and supplement the research outline, further develop it into a writing outline, and make unified arrangements for the layout, viewpoint system, analysis level and material application of the full text.

The writing process is not a simple process of recording research results, but a process of continuing in-depth research and refining and perfecting research results. What problems are found in the process of writing that are not deeply studied and fully demonstrated? We should write them down and continue to tackle key problems.

When writing a paper, you should be clear about the nature and characteristics of the paper. Scientific papers are highly professional, so they should have their own research experience and mainly express their own opinions, which should promote the discipline construction, or at least deepen it on the basis of synthesizing the achievements of others.

The higher requirement is to fill the gaps in the discipline, and generally it is required to surpass the achievements made by predecessors and have new ideas. When writing a paper, try to simplify and highlight the key points, mainly to write your own opinions.