Land use planning provides land guarantee for comprehensive coordination and sustainable development of economy and society, and is the basis and basis for rational land use. 3S technology can provide scientific and effective methods and means for the research and practice in the field of land use planning. Connecting with the new round of overall land use planning in China, this paper introduces the integration of GIS, RS, GPS and 3S technology, and analyzes the application of 3S technology in various stages of land use planning data preparation and processing, planning compilation and implementation, and planning achievement management. Its application prospect in land use planning is very broad.
3S technology; Land use planning; App application
Land use planning is the land guarantee for comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development, and it is the basis and basis for rational land use. 3S technology provides scientific and effective methods and means for the research and practice in the field of land use planning. Combined with the new round of land use planning in China, the integration of GIS, RS, GPS and 3S technology is introduced, and the planning application of 3S technology in various stages of land use planning data preparation and processing, planning achievement compilation and implementation management is analyzed. Practice has proved that 3S technology is widely used in the field of land use planning.
Keywords 3S technology; Land use planning; app; application
Land use planning refers to a strategic planning that takes administrative divisions at all levels as a unit, coordinates the contradiction of land use between various sectors of the national economy and agricultural production industries, and makes overall arrangements for the development, utilization, governance and protection of land resources according to the natural, economic and social conditions of the region, the suitability of the land itself, and the needs of national economic development and market demand [1]. Land use planning is an advanced planning and arrangement of future land use in a certain region, and it is a comprehensive measure to rationally allocate land resources in time and space and coordinate and organize land use according to regional socio-economic development and natural and historical characteristics of land.
At present, China has formed a relatively complete overall land use planning system at the national, provincial, city (prefecture), county (district) and township (town) levels. Land use planning plays an important role in promoting the economical and intensive use of land, maintaining the sustainable use of land resources, strengthening the macro-control of land and the control of land use space and use, and providing land guarantee for the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of economy and society, which is the basis and basis for rational use of land. Since 1980s, China has carried out two large-scale national land use master plans, and the planning results have played an important role in rational land use and farmland protection. However, due to the rapid improvement of urbanization in China in recent years, a large number of emerging industries have emerged and the demand for land has changed. In order to adapt to these situations, China has launched a new round of overall land use planning.
13S technology
3S technology is the general name of GIS, RS and GPS, and it is a multidisciplinary modern information technology integrating highly developed space technology, computer technology, sensor technology, satellite positioning technology and communication technology.
1. 1GIS
GIS, namely geographic information system, is a computer technology system that inputs, stores, retrieves, updates, displays, maps and comprehensively analyzes various geographic information in a certain format with the support of computer software and hardware. Through the comprehensive analysis of various factors, the system can quickly obtain the information that meets the application requirements, and can express the processing results in the form of maps, graphics or data. GIS technology has two remarkable characteristics: first, it can manage both attribute information and spatial information like the traditional database management system; Second, various spatial analysis methods can be used to comprehensively analyze different information, seek the relationship between spatial entities, and analyze and deal with phenomena and processes distributed in a certain area [3].
1.2RS
Remote Sensing is a remote detection technology that can obtain object information without direct contact. In other words, it is a modern comprehensive technology that uses electromagnetic wave detection instruments on various platforms such as visible light, infrared light and microwave to study the shape, size and position of ground objects and their relationship and changes with the environment at a long distance and at high altitude through photographic scanning, information induction, transmission and processing. The main characteristics of modern remote sensing are multi-sensor, high resolution and multi-temporal. The application of remote sensing information has developed from single remote sensing data to multi-temporal and multi-data source fusion analysis, from static analysis to dynamic detection, from qualitative investigation of resources and environment to computer-aided quantitative automatic mapping, from surface description of various phenomena to software analysis and quantitative exploration [4]. In recent years, aerial remote sensing has become an important aspect of remote sensing development because of its remarkable characteristics of fast maneuverability and high resolution.
1.3GPS
GPS, the global positioning system, is a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system developed by the United States from the early 1970s. The system mainly consists of three parts: space constellation, ground monitoring and user equipment. The space constellation consists of 24 satellites evenly distributed in 6 orbits. The ground monitoring part of GPS consists of 1 master station, 5 global monitoring stations and 3 injection stations. The user equipment part of GPS is mainly composed of receiver hardware and processing software. GPS has the characteristics of flexible positioning, high precision, high speed, all-weather operation, simple operation, automatic information reception and storage. , and has been widely used in earth science. Using GPS to measure three-dimensional coordinates at the same time, the mapping positioning technology is expanded from static to dynamic, from single-point positioning to local and wide-area differential positioning, and from post-processing to real-time dynamic differential positioning navigation, thus greatly broadening its application scope and role in all walks of life.
1.43S technology integration
3S technology mainly completes the collection, processing, management, information expression and other functions of spatial information, and has the characteristics of obtaining massive information, accurate storage and processing. Among them, remote sensing technology is a modern comprehensive technology to identify surface phenomena by collecting surface electromagnetic wave information from high altitude or outer space, and identifying, photographing, transmitting and processing these information; GIS can be regarded as a management system about geographic information, which completes the classification and management of geographic information through visualization. GPS is a real-time three-dimensional satellite navigation and positioning system. In recent years, with the rapid development of individual technologies such as GIS, rs and GPS, the organic combination of the three systems has formed a powerful technical system. 3S technology has entered the development stage of mutual integration from independent development, and has been rapidly and widely used in many fields such as resource investigation, vehicle navigation, environmental monitoring, regional management, urban planning, business management and so on [5]. However, at present, the application of 3S technology in land planning is still a single technology application. With the increasing informatization of land resources management, the demand for rapid and accurate acquisition of land data, spatial information analysis, dynamic monitoring, graphic image processing and digital mapping has become very urgent. The integration of 3S technology provides scientific and applicable technical methods and means for this demand. It can not only provide timely and reliable basic information for land management, but also comprehensively analyze and process land information, which has a very broad application prospect.
Application of 23S Technology in Land Use Planning
2. Application of13S technology in the data stage of land use planning
Every link of land use planning contains a lot of data and information. In the data stage, it mainly includes land data collection and land data processing. Land information includes important information such as the location, quantity, quality and value of land. This information is huge, dynamic and relevant. Among them, the dynamic characteristics include not only its periodicity, but also its gradual change and fluctuation [6]. The traditional field reconnaissance method needs a lot of manpower and material resources and consumes a lot of time.
With the improvement of digital image processing technology and the development of remote sensing technology to high resolution, the method of obtaining land information by remote sensing technology will become more and more common. The spatial resolution of small satellite remote sensing has been continuously improved, with IKONOS reaching 1 m and Qui-ckbird reaching 6 1 cm, which can meet the land use planning at county and township levels, with the scale of 1∶ 1 10,000. The dynamic real-time information quickly obtained by remote sensing technology is transmitted to GIS, so that the GIS database can be updated in time. Using GIS technology to process land information can directly get ideal maps and data, timely and accurately reflect land information, which can not only provide data basis for subsequent planning work, but also clarify the nature and quality of land, so as to clarify the spatial distribution of land and determine the specific scope of various land uses. At this stage, 3S technology shows its real-time, accurate and efficient characteristics in data acquisition and processing.
2.23S technology in the stage of land use planning.
In the compilation and implementation of land use planning, it is necessary to check the area, ownership and utilization status of land use types, ensure the correct land use types, consistent maps and reliable data, and ensure the scientificity and feasibility of land use planning results. At the same time, it is necessary to collect, store and manage a large number of attribute data and spatial data, and the correlation between the data is complex and out of control. Without the support of 3S technology, it is difficult to complete. Relying on the 3S technology platform, on the basis of establishing the information base of the overall land use planning, and closely combining the business process of the overall land use planning, the automatic management of the compilation, modification and implementation of the overall land use planning is realized. Using the original land information, the land structure is analyzed and various models are constructed, which provides methods and means for land evaluation, prediction, structural optimization and benefit analysis. At the same time, it reduces the influence of subjective factors brought by man-made analysis and decision-making of land resources in the past, and strengthens the scientificity and rationality of land use planning.
Application of 2.33S technology in the stage of land use planning achievement
The compilation, approval and implementation of land use planning involves a large number of spatial data such as maps and indicators, which requires high quality of planning results and timeliness of management. For a long time, the planning results of the overall land use planning (including maps, texts, descriptions and tables) are basically preserved and managed in the form of illustrations and texts, which have some shortcomings such as poor appreciation, low utilization efficiency, single form and great difficulty in preserving the results, and there are great limitations in the scope and effect of publicity and promotion to the public, the form of communication and information acquisition, and the flexibility of application. Using 3S technology to manage planning results can improve the scientificity, quality and efficiency of management, and provide scientific methods and modern means for the dynamic implementation of land planning and results management. Therefore, in order to fully, reasonably, scientifically and effectively use the information and data of land use planning, improve the openness and public participation of planning, and thus better play the practical utility of land use planning, it is necessary to comprehensively use 3S technology.
3 Conclusion
The non-renewable nature of land determines the importance of rational use of land. Land use planning needs to understand the characteristics and laws of land resources and master the quantity, quality and distribution pattern of land resources. Therefore, the information involved in land use planning is rich and complex, and most of it is geographical information, which has strong regional, spatial, sequential and dynamic characteristics. Without this information, it is difficult to realize three-dimensional and dynamic management and planning, which directly affects the quality and effect of land use planning and management.
GPS technology can quickly locate spatial data, while RS technology can accurately locate and quantify the land mass by using aerial photos and satellite photos provided by aerospace and aviation remote sensing, and intuitively interpret the features of ground objects and the current information of resources. Using spatial database technology, GIS can fully integrate the management of attribute data, and store, analyze and process various attribute data. Therefore, 3S technology can effectively manage all kinds of geographic information, statistical analysis data, analyze and process them, realize the management of massive data, promote the standardization of land use planning and information processing, and lay a solid foundation for land use planning. With the rapid development of spatial information technology, 3S technology will be more widely and deeply applied in China's land use planning, providing scientific and effective research and implementation methods for the research and practice in the field of land use planning, and making unlimited contributions to the effective use of land resources.
4 references
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