Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional famous flowers in China. Cultivation has a long history and is widely distributed in gardens all over the country. It is a famous landscaping tree species. Osmanthus fragrans generally blooms in the golden autumn, and the fragrance of flowers wins. However, those who smell the flowers can't have both. Only clear osmanthus can be dust-free, and thick osmanthus can overflow far away, so people say "osmanthus is rich". Therefore, the landscape application of osmanthus fragrans in gardens not only has a broad mass base, but also has a profound cultural background, which appeals to both refined and popular tastes.

Application of 1 osmanthus fragrans in classical gardens

Among the classical gardens in China, osmanthus scenic spots are now the most famous in Suzhou gardens, such as Cong Guixuan in Wang Shi's Garden, Champs in Lingering Garden, Champs in Canglang Pavilion, Fragrant Gallery and Champs Pavilion in Orchard. Historically, there are countless osmanthus scenic spots in Suzhou classical gardens. According to Wu Junzhi, there were not many trees in Lingnan of Guiben, and there were growers in the Tang Dynasty. There is a Tang Guitang in Guangfu Temple, which was founded in the Three Kingdoms period. It is said that the big osmanthus tree in front of the hall was planted in the Tang Dynasty and is still flourishing. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were Jin Suying in Yushan Caotang and Jin Suwu in Wan Yuqing Qiuxuan. In the Ming Dynasty, the ancient laurel beside the shady village in Zhuyuan (Tiger Hill) still exists today. In the Qing Dynasty, there were Guihuaping in Coco Park, a secluded mountain named after the ancient osmanthus cluster in Yiyuan Garden, the laurel pavilion cluster in a small fishing garden, the Guizixuan in Xixi Villa, the Shuanggui Building in Duanyuan Garden, the Jinsu Caotang in Bijiang Building, and the Tuisi Garden, which were full of fragrance and autumn, with excellent artistic conception and refined elegance.

2. Application of Osmanthus fragrans in gardens

2. 1 traditional layout technology

In classical gardens in China, especially private courtyards in the south of the Yangtze River, there are generally two ways to arrange trees: one is to plant the same tree species into forests, such as pine trees in Tingtao of Yiyuan Garden and osmanthus flowers in front of osmanthus fragrance garden. Second, using a variety of trees for co-planting and co-planting, just like painting, has higher requirements on the habits, colors, flowering periods, postures and planting environment of trees. The landscaping in private courtyards takes cultural artistic conception as the main point of appreciation, personal aesthetics as the main point, and the planting method is relatively simple. The landscape of osmanthus fragrans cannot be separated from the above limitations. Generally speaking, cluster planting and group planting are the main methods, and the traditional planting method of "double laurels in the courtyard" also appears from time to time in classical gardens.

2.2 Planting methods in the park

Compared with the traditional layout, the planting methods of osmanthus fragrans in the park are more diverse and the scope of application is wider. Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen shrub or small tree with low and dense branches and correct tree posture, which is very suitable as a barrier material. It can not only cover up the defects, but also divide the space and guide the line of sight. There is a closed space surrounded by osmanthus trees in the center of the big lawn near Xili Lake in Huagang Fishing Park, Hangzhou, which makes the whole space multiple, which not only meets the different psychological needs of tourists, but also breaks the monotony of the formation of the big lawn. The south entrance of Shuixie Scenic Spot in xiaoyaojin Park in Hefei City is blocked by osmanthus and bamboo, which follows the winding path, guiding the line of sight to reciprocate left and right, making the landscape step by step different. With tall sapium sebiferum and scattered rocks as the foreground and the corner of the west water surface and waterside pavilion as the framework, the scenery is looming. Because the tree shape of osmanthus fragrans is small, it can show the beautiful forest boundary line on the east side and the lake shore scenery in oblique silhouette. After crossing the barrier between Guangxi and bamboo, waterside pavilions, rockeries and lakes are exposed, which makes people suddenly enlightened. Osmanthus fragrans also has a strong sound insulation effect, and it can play a good role in eliminating noise when planted in forests or rows. Reasonable planting along roads, railways, airports and factories with high mechanical noise should produce good environmental benefits [3].

2.3 Other application forms

Osmanthus fragrans still has a great application space in gardens, and various attempts should be made boldly. For example, in terms of cultivation, osmanthus fragrans branches are stout and resistant to pruning, and varieties with stronger stress resistance and smaller leaf shape can be selected for hedgerow planting. If the flowers are not large, osmanthus fragrans as a fragrant flower hedge is better than many existing hedge plants, and further attempts can be made in modeling (modeling) planting and so on. In Yuan Zheyuan Forest in Yangzhou City, Hushi is a mountain between two halls. It is held high and isolated. There are 1 large osmanthus plants planted along the mountains and rocks, which is a rare isolated planting example when osmanthus is the main ornamental object in classical gardens. However, there are two kinds of solitary trees in modern times, namely, solitary planting simply as composition and solitary planting combining shading with composition. Among them, the composition of solitary tree is outstanding, and it is best to meet the following conditions: huge body; Flourishing in full bloom; Flowers have fragrance, and the fragrance is best rich; The crown contour has changed; There are abundant seasonal changes in leaf color. Combined with the cultivation level of osmanthus fragrans and the isolated tree species commonly used in gardens, it is also very suitable to plant osmanthus fragrans as the main landscape tree or shade tree alone.

3 Osmanthus fragrans planting in China gardens

Osmanthus fragrans has many varieties and strong adaptability. In addition to the cluster planting and group planting in the main scene, osmanthus fragrans is also planted as a barrier tree, a foil tree, an induction tree and a transition tree, or planted to increase the landscape level, and there are many flowers and trees available for planting. Due to various advantages of osmanthus fragrans, the occurrence rate of osmanthus fragrans in eight existing classical courtyards in Suzhou (Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master Garden, Wenzhai Art Garden, Huanxiu Mountain Villa, Ou Garden, Yiyuan Garden and Lion Forest) reached 65,438+000%. Osmanthus fragrans in front of Congguixuan Mountain in Wang Garden are mostly arranged against the wall, and several wintersweet trees are planted in the middle, decorated with hydrangeas, camellias and southern bamboo. And begonia, hemp stems and longevity bamboos planted on the small terrace on the east side complement each other with exquisite rocks and air-leaking windows. The overall landscape is rich in variety and has a good sense of hierarchy. Osmanthus fragrans is densely planted along the corridor on both sides of Wenmuxi Xiangxuan, dotted with 65,438+0 bauhinia, Chimonanthus praecox and Lagerstroemia indica, and only two elms are planted on the left side of Linxi. Although ingenious planting methods are varied and rarely spread, this configuration is sometimes used and gradually becomes a traditional planting method.

Discussion on the Configuration Method of Urban Garden Plants

With the acceleration of landscaping construction in various places, more and more attention is paid to the important factor of plant configuration, and plants can be well coordinated with nature and reproduce historical and cultural connotations. Based on the author's years of landscape engineering design practice, this paper expounds the practical application of landscape plants in urban greening, and analyzes and discusses the benefits and problems that should be paid attention to in the selection of landscape plants from a professional perspective. & lt/P & gt；

& ltP>& ltBR & gt Keywords: urban gardens; Factory configuration