1. class notes and experiences
What is Montessori?
Montessori is a person's gender, named maria montessori. She is one of the most influential pioneers in the history of early childhood education, founded by the first female doctor in Italy. Through careful observation and full research on children, it is found that people's intelligence is not fixed at birth, but is constantly improved and perfected through sensory experience in a free social environment, with an absorbing mind of 0-6 years old.
Montessori is one of the most advanced, scientific and perfect education systems.
The scientific nature of Montessori education
At that time, the concept of education was fully studied in biology, especially embryology, anthropology, psychology and self-life philosophy. On this basis, Montessori's education did not originate in the laboratory. Instead, she interacted with children at work, observed their spontaneous behaviors, fully studied the laws and phenomena of life, and based on this, created her educational concept, so it is scientific and will not be outdated.
The Secret of Child Development
Education should start from the moment when parents decide to have children. Mothers should be prepared for emotions and pregnancy knowledge. After pregnancy, they should pay more attention to diet, nutrition and health, especially in the first three months of pregnancy. Moreover, mothers should have proper exercise, maintain a peaceful and entertaining mood and a positive attitude towards life. After the child is born, the initial blueprint of the child's brain has been designed. Just like a computer, when the hardware is ready and the program is written, it is equivalent to a child's development.
How do children build themselves through the environment?
Montessori believes that children have innate life potential and development potential under the premise of love and freedom, and children are independent individuals. Their learning style is completely different from that of adults, and they have the ability of self-construction and self-development.
The inherent potential of life
The seed itself looks unremarkable, but it is full of the potential of life. What kind of seeds, with the help of the external environment, will eventually grow into their own appearance. Children, like plants, have vitality and potential and need a suitable living environment, which is the environment of love and freedom emphasized by Montessori. Therefore, we should prepare some teaching AIDS suitable for children's development, respect children and respect adults who help them grow up. As time goes by, the seed of this little life will bear the fruit of victory. In the end, the child will be like his parents. He will be as tall as his father and as smart as his parents, and he will survive and even surpass his parents.
Montessori's love includes not only parents' instinctive love for children, but also respect and acceptance, and there is no requirement for children. Freedom means giving children freedom to develop and build themselves according to their own life rules and schedules. This kind of freedom is his freedom to a certain extent, that is, the freedom to do the right thing for the child, the right thing, and the thing suitable for his development. Then this freedom is accompanied by rules, and then children are made to obey the rules. If a child's behavior hurts himself, destroys the environment, or hurts others, his behavior must be stopped.
An attractive mind
Through working with children and careful observation of children, children aged 0-6 have the ability to absorb. Their learning style is completely different from that of adults. Their learning style is like a sponge absorbing water. He can easily absorb a lot of information from his surroundings. These external images, what he saw and heard, did not enter his mind, but were built in his mind. 0 to 3 years old is unconscious absorption, and 3 to 6 years old is conscious absorption. The unconscious absorption of 0-3 years old is really engraved in my mind like an image, which is hard to erase. Children aged 3-6 still have an absorbing mind, and it is a conscious state to enrich their experience and develop themselves by absorbing external things with the help of hand activities. Some people compare a child's absorbing mind to a camera. As long as you press the shutter, it can absorb all the surrounding environment clearly and accurately. This is a lot of information.
Sensitive period
Children have innate life potential and self-construction ability, which is the ability of self-development. He is different from an adult because he has two helpers, one is to absorb the mind and the other is the sensitive period.
Sensitive period refers to a kind of special feeling acquired by living things when they are still growing. This feeling is a temporary tendency, limited to obtaining a specific feature. Once this characteristic is acquired, this special feeling will disappear.
It includes six sensitive periods: order sensitive period, action or movement sensitive period, trivial sensitive period, sensory sensitive period, language sensitive period and social sensitive period.
Sensitive period is the most relaxed, relaxed and accurate period of a special ability in a person's life. If she doesn't do what she thinks during this period, she will lose the opportunity to acquire some ability forever.
2. Question and answer (unlimited words)
1) What is innate life potential?
The seed itself looks unremarkable, but it is full of the potential of life. What kind of seeds, with the help of the external environment, will eventually grow into their own appearance. Children, like plants, have vitality and potential and need a suitable living environment, which is the environment of love and freedom emphasized by Montessori. Therefore, we should prepare some teaching AIDS suitable for children's development, respect children and respect adults who help them grow up. As time goes by, the seed of this little life will bear the fruit of victory. In the end, the child will be like his parents. He will be as tall as his father and as smart as his parents, and he will survive and even surpass his parents.
2) What is an absorption heart? ?
Through working with children and careful observation of children, children aged 0-6 have the ability to absorb. Their learning style is completely different from that of adults. Their learning style is like a sponge absorbing water. He can easily absorb a lot of information from his surroundings. These external images, what he saw and heard, did not enter his mind, but were built in his mind. 0 to 3 years old is unconscious absorption, and 3 to 6 years old is conscious absorption. The unconscious absorption of 0-3 years old is really engraved in my mind like an image, which is hard to erase. Children aged 3-6 still have an absorbing mind, and it is a conscious state to enrich their experience and develop themselves by absorbing external things with the help of hand activities. Some people compare a child's absorbing mind to a camera, which can absorb all the surrounding environment as soon as the shutter is pressed, and it is clear, accurate and informative.
3) What is the sensitive period? How many sensitive periods do children aged 0-6 have? Give examples.
Sensitive period is the most relaxed, relaxed and accurate period of a special ability in a person's life. If she doesn't do what she thinks during this period, she will lose the opportunity to acquire some ability forever.
Children aged 0-6 have six sensitive periods.
Sensitive period of order: after a child is one year old, it lasts for several years, usually 0-3 years old, and the most obvious is 2-3 years old. At this stage, children's favorite items have a fixed position and a fixed time. After order and agreement, an orderly environment brings natural happiness to children.
Sensitive period of action or movement: 0-3 years old is mainly the development of big muscles, and 3-6 years old is mainly the development of small muscles. /kloc-within 0/year, children turn over, sit, climb, stand and walk, and many growth milestones are completed within one year. In the later stage, the muscle strength of fingers will be increased by rolling hands, grasping with three fingers, grasping, pinching and twisting.
Small sensitive period: during this period, children are sometimes interested in small things and details that adults ignore, such as watching small ants, or being attracted by small details in pictures in books when reading books. For another example, there is an elephant in a picture, but the child can find the mouse in the corner.
Sensory perception sensitive period: it is very obvious to know the world around you with the help of the senses. Everything in the world around us has the characteristics of color, shape, size, weight and taste. To truly understand things, we must understand them from all angles. The most effective way is to use your senses, see colors with your eyes and hear sounds with your ears.
Language sensitive period: children in language sensitive period don't need to go to school or work hard. As long as they are in a rich language environment, they will learn their mother tongue spontaneously and speak fluent mother tongue by the age of 6. Moreover, we can fully absorb and accept the local traditional culture.
Social sensitive period: 0-3 years old: "egocentricity", the relationship between children and their mothers, families and themselves. 3-6 years old: the relationship between children and other children. I like to play with other children, learn to share, take shifts, put myself in their shoes, and pay special attention to whether other children are friends with them.
Small thesis: (more than 200 words)
From the sensitive period of absorbing the mind, why is 0-3 years old the most important stage of life?
When the child is born, the blueprint of the initial circuit of the brain has been designed, and the brain has already started to work before it is fully developed. When a baby is born, there are 1000 billion neurons in the brain, which is equivalent to as many stars in the Milky Way, so the telephone structure between them is not stable, that is to say, the baby's brain is not fully developed, and he has come to this strange environment. Not only that, her other organs can't be attacked like animals.
Children have innate life potential and self-construction ability, which is the ability of self-development. He is different from an adult because he has two helpers, one is to absorb the mind and the other is the sensitive period. Let children choose the one that best suits their development and development needs in a complex environment.
Through working with children and careful observation of children, children aged 0-6 have the ability to absorb. Their learning style is completely different from that of adults. Their learning style is like a sponge absorbing water. He can easily absorb a lot of information from his surroundings. These external images, what he saw and heard, did not enter his mind, but were built in his mind. 0 to 3 years old is unconscious absorption, and 3 to 6 years old is conscious absorption. The unconscious absorption of 0-3 years old is really engraved in my mind like an image, which is hard to erase. Children aged 3-6 still have an absorbing mind, and it is a conscious state to enrich their experience and develop themselves by absorbing external things with the help of hand activities. Some people compare a child's absorbing mind to a camera, which can absorb all the surrounding environment as soon as the shutter is pressed, and it is clear, accurate and informative. Therefore, 0-6 years old is an important stage in a child's life.