The person, time, place, cause, process and result of the event.

2. people:?

The first person (authentic), the second person (more intimate) and the third person (more extensive).

3. Clues:

(1) Character line (character's experience, feelings or deeds)

② Object line (something of special significance)

③ Emotional line (the change of thoughts and feelings of the main characters in the author or works)

④ Event line (central event)

⑤ Timeline?

⑥ Positioning line

4. Order:

Direct narration, flashback, insertion, supplementary narration and classification (flat narration).

5. Department:

According to the development process, spatial transformation, content change, people, scene change, emotional change and expression change, the event is divided.

6. emoticon:

Narration, description (portrait, language, action, psychology, environment, etc.). Or front, side, details), discussion, lyric, explanation, etc.

7. Language features: vivid, vivid and concrete.

8. Expression skills:

Describe, contrast, render, contrast, pave the way, symbol, metaphor, see the big from the small, want to promote first, use scenery to express emotion, use death to express ambition, borrow things to express ambition, etc.

How to find clues

title of an essay

(2) things that appear repeatedly in the paragraph.

(3) Lyric sentences in the article.

④ The author's thoughts and feelings (changes)

⑤ The role of a person's experience and feelings: the orderly combination of the content of the article, the ideological character of the characters, and the ins and outs of things.

Narrative order

1. Xu Shun:

That is, according to the sequence of occurrence, development and ending of things (in chronological order). Make the context of the article clear, start and finish, and give people a vivid impression.

2. Flashback:

Write down what happened after that, and then describe it in order. Avoid straightforward narration, enhance the vividness of the article and make it fascinating.

3. Interpolation:

In the narrative process, due to the need of content, interrupt the narrative of the original plot, insert relevant plots or events, and then continue the original narrative (such as recalling the past). Complement and set off the central content (characters or events) of the article, enrich the plot and deepen the theme.

Description method of characters

1. Portrait (appearance) description [including expression description] (description of appearance, clothes, expression, posture, etc. ): explain the identity, status, situation, experience, psychological state and ideological character of the character.

2. Language (dialogue) description

3. Action (action) description: The image vividly shows the xx psychology (emotion) of the character, and embodies the xx personality characteristics or xx spiritual quality of the character. Sometimes it also promotes the development of the plot.

4. Psychological description: The image vividly reflects the xx thoughts of the characters and reveals the xx character or quality of the characters.

Rhetorical device

The commonly used rhetorical methods are metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, antithesis, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, contrast, metonymy and irony.

1. Metaphor: Metaphor is "analogy". That is, to grasp the similarities between two different things and compare one thing with another. There are three types of metaphors: simile, metaphor and metonymy.

Function: turn plain into vivid; Turn abstruse into simple; Turn abstract into concrete; Turn verbosity into conciseness. Used for narration, explanation and description, it can make things vivid, vivid and concrete, and give people a vivid impression; When it is used in argumentative writing, it can concretize abstract truth and make abstruse truth easy to understand. The most commonly used are vivid images.

2. personification: write things as adults, endow things with people's words and deeds or thoughts and feelings, and describe things with words that describe people.

Function: Personalize specific things and visualize language.

3. Exaggeration: deliberately exaggerating or narrowing the nature and characteristics of things. Function: Reveal the essence of things, set off the atmosphere, strengthen the rendering power and cause the associative effect.

4. parallelism: three or more sentences or components with the same or similar structure, consistent tone and related meaning are arranged together. Function: enhance language momentum, strengthen expression effect, emphasize content and aggravate feelings. Accustomed to reasoning, can explain the truth more closely and thoroughly; Used to express feelings, can express feelings to the fullest.

5. Metonymy: Metonymy does not directly state the person or thing to be expressed, but replaces it with something related to it. Function: It can highlight the image and make it concrete and vivid.

6. Duality: a pair of phrases or sentences with equal words, relative parts of speech, the same structure and related meanings. Function: Formally, the syllables are neat and symmetrical, with strong sense of rhythm and beautiful melody; The content is concise and concentrated, with strong generality.

7. Repetition: deliberately repeating a word or sentence to emphasize a certain meaning or feeling. Types of repetition: continuous repetition and interval repetition. There are no other words in the middle of continuous repetition. There are other words in interval repetition.

8. Ask questions: In order to attract others' attention, deliberately ask questions first and then answer them yourself. Function: Remind people to think, and some highlight certain contents.

9. Rhetorical question: There is no doubt, express definite meaning in the form of doubt, express negation in the form of affirmation, and express affirmation in the form of negation.

10. Citation: Quoting existing words to improve the effect of language expression can be divided into direct quotation and indirect quotation.

1 1. Metonymy: substitute related things for what you want to express. Types of metonymy: features replace things, concreteness replaces abstractness, and parts replace the whole.

12. Irony: express the original intention with words or sentences that are opposite to the original intention, and enhance the expression effect by saying irony. Some satirize and expose, while others express intimate and friendly feelings.

The answer to the reading questions of narrative and literary works mainly starts from two aspects.

First of all, summarize the content of the article and grasp the following points:

(1) To grasp the elements of narrative, the main writer should specify what to write, and the main writer should specify what kind of person to write.

(2) Grasp the key sentences and try to figure out why the author wrote these people and things.

(3) Analyze the relationship between layers, clarify the context of the article, and then summarize the central idea of the article to understand the author's thoughts and feelings.

The second is to find out the structural characteristics and forms of expression of narrative and literary works. Master the following methods of dividing paragraphs:

(1) divided by time and space change

(2) according to the changes of the author's thoughts and feelings

(3) According to the change of narrative content.

(4) According to the change of description angle and development stage.

In content, paragraphs are answered by connecting the center and meaning (thoughts and feelings)

Structurally: total score

The paragraph is at the beginning: always start with the full text, paving the way for the following, forming suspense, laying the emotional tone and taking care of the topic.

The paragraph is in the middle: connecting the preceding with the following, taking care of the above, causing the following,

At the end of the paragraph: summarize the full text or quote the theme or echo from beginning to end, deepen the theme and sublimate the theme.

Many parents wonder: "Is it because children have no writing talent and are not writing materials at all?" Of course not, most children who can't write a good composition just use the wrong method:

Read more books and write a good composition.

Read lightly, forget after reading, and can't internalize it into your own material.

Practice more and write a good composition.

I keep a diary every day, but I can't write a composition without summarizing and reflecting.

Recite more and write a good composition.

I memorized many composition templates and many good words and sentences, but I still had nothing to say when I started writing.

There are thousands of writing methods, the first mind map! Using mind map to describe from different angles and grasping the characteristics of characters, story lines or argument logic will make writing more effective.

Both the mind and the brain can be exercised, just as the body can become stronger through exercise. Writing according to mind map, practicing with children and writing a composition are actually not difficult at all.