Ancient poetry is a treasure of China's 5,000-year history and culture. Ancient poetry also occupies a certain proportion in primary school Chinese textbooks. How to teach ancient poetry, the author has some experience.

First, the introduction of passion, to stimulate poetry

1. Read aloud and import. Reading aloud can not only cultivate people's sense of language, but also bring spiritual shock to people. It is a kind of communication between mind and words, and also a perfect blend of emotion and poetry. If the class begins with a beautiful recitation, it will first give students a unique aesthetic feeling, and students will be tempted by the emotional fluctuation of poetry and will be full of emotions with the intonation of recitation. Only in appreciation and intoxication can students have a strong desire to learn. The content of reading aloud can be ancient poems that have been learned, or ancient poems related to the content to be learned. Those who depict spring scenery, miss their loved ones, miss their hometown, express patriotic enthusiasm, write flowers, write grass, write the moon ... Primary school students can recite many poems, and teachers can get results as long as they guide them in time. For example, when teaching Jiangnan Spring, students can recall poems describing spring and recite Xiao Chun. When beautiful poems flow from students' mouths, they also blend in with the beautiful scenery of spring.

2. Screen import. Su Shi once commented on Wang Wei's poems: "There are paintings in poems and poems in paintings." In the teaching of ancient poetry, pictures can be used to introduce new lessons to enhance the intuitive sense. According to students' physical and mental characteristics, primary school textbook editors attach exquisite illustrations to each poem, which can capture the scene in the poem and arouse students' association. Showing these illustrations before teaching is also a way to arouse students' interest in learning from them. For example, in the teaching of the ancient poem "Village Residence", illustration is a beautiful picture of spring scenery. The innocent interest of children flying kites in the painting can especially stimulate students' desire to express themselves, thus arousing their interest in learning poetry and smoothly entering the study of ancient poetry.

3. Introduction to poetry. That is, introducing new learning with familiar ancient poetry sentences. Every pupil has a certain amount of ancient poetry stored in his mind. Some students can recite many ancient poems in the first grade. Although they don't quite understand the content of reciting ancient poems, there is always a vague or superficial understanding in the subconscious, which will emerge unconsciously when learning related articles. For example, when teaching the word "Fishing Song" by Zhang, let the students recite "Fishing Children" for comparison. They all say fishing, but what is the essential difference between Zhang's fishing and children's fishing? They also wrote about fishing with different styles, which led Zhang from innocence to frustration. A strong gap can stimulate students' interest in inquiry.

4. Story import. Although ancient poetry originated from life, students are far away from the life of ancient poetry writers, and it is impossible for students to enter the world of the ancients at once. And story introduction should be a practical method, because no primary school students will contradict novel and interesting stories. In fact, as long as the teacher is careful, every ancient poem contains a vivid story. If the story of ancient poetry is introduced, it will quickly attract students' attention. Such as Ode to Lyme, Xiao Chun and Qingping Music? The ancient poem "Village Residence" is a vivid and interesting story in itself, or there is a touching story hidden behind the author. As long as students are fully prepared for preview, let them collect relevant materials and communicate fully, students may have unique views on newly learned poems and have a deeper understanding of the background of poems.

Second, sing the rhythm, sing the deep feeling.

1. Sing the rhythm. A well-rhymed poem is sonorous and powerful to read, which produces a feeling of wave upon wave. This is the beauty of rhythm. Different poems have different rhymes, which will form different atmosphere and convey different emotions. When we read poetry aloud, we should also convey the unique rhythmic beauty of poetry. As long as we pay a little attention, we will find that ordinary ancient poetry also has obvious charm. Such as "Qingpingle? The words "grass", "love" and "good" in "Village House" all rhyme with "m: o", which makes it easy to read. There are many such examples. Nowadays, many ancient poems have been compiled into beautiful songs, which students can sing in the process of learning. Students will have a special sense of beauty in the process of singing, and also enhance their interest in learning and memory ability invisibly. As long as teachers are good at designing and organizing attentively, poetry teaching can actually reach the poetic musical realm.

2. Sing deep feelings. Poetry is the most suitable literary form for reading aloud. Its basic characteristics are strong feelings, rich imagination, far-reaching artistic conception and beautiful rhythm. Therefore, when we read aloud, we should reproduce poets and their feelings through rich imagination. Poetry is a lyric art, whether it is lyric poetry, narrative poetry or even philosophical poetry, as long as it is a successful work, it must be full of the author's surging passion, including the author's continuous feelings. Whether it's the Shandong brothers who miss their relatives in their hometown in Silent Night or Thoughts on Holidays in the Mountain, or the poems expressing their friends' affection in Farewell to Meng Haoran on the Way to Yangzhou, Yellow Crane Tower and Biedongda, or the poems expressing their heartfelt feelings in Lyme and Momei, they all contain rich emotions. Teachers should be good at guiding students into the author's mood, grasping the author's emotional pulse, and integrating students' thoughts with poets and poets' thoughts. In this way, readers can have a voice with the author.

Third, understand the poetic theory and sublimate poetry.

1. Find poetry. When learning prose, we like to guide students to find out the "literary eye". In fact, ancient poetry also has "eyes". As long as it is found in the learning process, we can successfully grasp the emotional tone and understand the author's ideological essence. "Eye" is the center of poetry and the "poetics" that the poet wants to express. "Reason" is actually connected with "interest". Sometimes we guide students into the artistic conception of poetry, and we will enjoy a kind of fun invisibly. It is natural to learn meaning from the interest created by poets and enter the environment. Such as Xin Qiji's "Qing Ping Le? The word "village residence" describes a scene full of pastoral atmosphere to us. In short, the two old people live in harmony, their children are filial, the old people have support, and there are few things. As long as we ponder the word carefully, we will find that "interest" is endless. "When you are drunk, your voice is charming and your hair is white. "I like children and rogues best, and I peel lotus flowers on the head of a stream" is lovely and lively, and the word "drunk" is the word "eye of the word". Between the lines, people feel the poet's love for the working people and his yearning for rural life. This kind of life has rural beauty, rural taste and country music.

2. melt poetry. Poetry expresses emotions in words. Without the poet's sincere and strong feelings, it is impossible to produce touching poems. For example, after a long period of war and displacement, Lu You condensed a deep patriotic passion, thus writing a poem full of blood and tears and expectations. Another example is that Li Bai regained his freedom after he was in exile 15 months, and with uncontrollable joy, he wrote the poem "Make Baidicheng Early". For another example, Li Bai looked at the magnificent scenery of Lushan Waterfall in the sun, filled with infinite love for the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland, and wrote a poem "Looking at Lushan Waterfall". It can be seen that poetry and songs are the product of the author's "love words".

3. Know poetry. Ancient China literati left numerous well-known poems and many profound philosophies, which made generations of China people grow up and mature in poetry-chanting. Chinese teachers must help students improve their understanding of ancient poetry. For example, in Ye Shaoweng's "It's not worth going to the garden", "Spring can't close the garden, and an apricot comes out of the wall", and in Zhu's "Reading", "How can the canal be so clear?" In order to have flowing water, Lu You wrote in Reading on a Winter Night: "The paper is shallow and I don't know how to do it." There is also "How the water of the Yellow River moves to the sky and rushes into the sea without returning" in Li Bai's "Into the Wine". These philosophical poems must be understood by students when teachers teach them, and students will be subtly infected when they understand them.