First, the sense of public morality: the core elements of moral education in colleges and universities
Social morality, that is, social morality, is the simplest and lowest public life criterion that people should abide by in their daily public life, and reflects the most common relationship of people living together and interacting with each other in social life. College students' public morality consciousness is also the concept and consciousness that college students consciously abide by and practice public life norms in social life. Public morality consciousness is the core element of moral education in colleges and universities, and it is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness.
First of all, strengthening the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness is the premise and foundation of improving college students' moral quality and forming noble personality. Abiding by social morality and consciously fulfilling the norms of social life is the starting point for a person to develop good moral habits and establish noble moral sentiments. The cultivation of college students' moral quality and the perfection of moral personality should start with the cultivation of public morality consciousness. Like the development law of other things, people's moral cultivation will only make a qualitative leap if it is accumulated to a certain extent. Therefore, college students can only practice socialist morality and reach the lofty realm of socialist morality by cultivating and establishing public morality consciousness and consciously regulating and restraining their behavior with social morality. Social morality is a relatively low-level moral requirement in the system of social moral norms. Generally speaking, it requires the most basic civilized behavior. Some people think that the cultivation of social morality consciousness should be in primary and secondary schools. Isn't it "making a mountain out of a molehill" to tell college students these trivial things? It is true that social morality education began as early as middle school, primary school and even before school. However, we must realize that a person's college stage is a stage of vigorous development and maturity of physiology and psychology, and his world outlook, outlook on life and values are becoming more and more stereotyped.
An important period of ideological and moral perfection. As Rousseau, an enlightenment thinker, said, youth is "the second birth of man". Therefore, it is necessary to deepen and strengthen the cultivation of social morality awareness of college students of this age, and lay a solid foundation for the formation of noble morality. In China, most of the contents are about the requirements of college students' social morality, which undoubtedly shows the necessity of strengthening the cultivation of college students' social morality consciousness.
Second, strengthening the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness is the minimum requirement and basic standard for cultivating qualified talents.
When commenting on the historical development of the Renaissance in Europe, Engels enthusiastically eulogized that "this is the greatest and most progressive change that mankind has never experienced, and it is an era that needs and produces giants-giants in thinking ability, enthusiasm and personality, versatile and knowledgeable", which undoubtedly means that in the development of human society, the growth and characteristics of talents are closely related to the requirements of contemporaries. Then, what kind of talents should be trained in the great historical process of China's reform and opening up, vigorously developing productive forces and building Socialism with Chinese characteristics? Obviously, they will never be mediocre people without knowledge and skills, nor will they be so-called "intellectuals" who "sit on the wall with ideas" and "nurse their mothers". Talents should be the unity of "virtue" and "talent" and should be people with both ability and political integrity.
College students should not only have solid professional knowledge, but also have ideals and morality. The degree of college students' public morality consciousness is the most direct expression to measure whether college students have morality, and it is also the basic index to measure college students' moral quality. If there is a lack of public morality awareness or a poor sense of public morality, then smart people will become insidious, strong people will appear barbaric and rude, and beautiful people will become vulgar and boring. It can be seen that virtue without talent is mediocre talent, virtue without talent is harmful talent, and virtue with talent is true talent. Therefore, it is the true nature of qualified talents to concentrate on Tao and study rigorously. Strengthening the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness is the basic project to shape the "soul of talents" and the minimum requirement and basic standard for cultivating qualified talents.
Thirdly, strengthening the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness is the need of socialist spiritual civilization construction. Spiritual civilization is the progress of human spiritual life, including ideology and morality, science and culture. In the complex structural system of spiritual civilization, morality is in the core and dominant position, or morality is the most decisive part of spiritual civilization. In the field of morality, social morality is different from family morality and professional morality because of its universality and universality in scope, generality and generality in content, and tradition and inheritance in structure, and becomes the basis of social morality. Therefore, social morality itself is an important part of socialist spiritual civilization. The cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness is naturally the important content and basic core of socialist spiritual civilization construction. As a group with high cultural level among young people, through the social morality of college students, we can best see the ethical level of a society and best reflect the degree of spiritual civilization of a society. It can be said that it is a concrete index to measure the spiritual civilization of a society. College students themselves should also be advocates, participants and builders of socialist spiritual civilization. If every college student can have a strong sense of social morality and become a model of observing social morality, it will have a wide, profound and lasting impact on society, help to fundamentally improve social atmosphere, help to form a stable, harmonious, civilized and healthy social life order, and help to promote the construction of socialist spiritual civilization. In the historical process of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's modernization, whether college students can "protect themselves and be good at the world", whether they can set an example and whether they can play the role of fresh troops and commandos directly affects the present situation and future of the country and the nation, the realization of the third-step strategic goal of modernization, and the image of China in the world in the 2 1 century. Therefore, we must stand at a historical height and look at it from a strategic perspective.
Second, the cultivation path of college students' public morality consciousness
Strengthening the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness requires a multi-pronged approach and a process of cultivation, establishment, consolidation and formation.
First of all, use heteronomy to cultivate and establish college students' sense of public morality. College students' sense of public morality is by no means formed spontaneously, but must be cultivated and established through systematic moral education and "heteronomy" in schools and society.
First, give priority to colleges and universities and carry out moral education. Colleges and universities are the main places for college students to study and live, and the main positions for cultivating college students' awareness of public morality. Colleges and universities take the teaching of "two courses" as the core, and instill and educate college students purposefully, planned and systematically. Colleges and universities carry out centralized and orderly moral education for college students in their own unique way, and the characteristics and effects of their educational methods are incomparable with any other educational means. Well-trained teachers set an example and discipline students; A healthy and uplifting cultural atmosphere exerts a subtle influence on students. Colleges and universities should also start from the trivial things in daily life, pay attention to the cultivation of college students' sense of public morality, and require students to abide by the rules and regulations of the school, care for everything on campus, care for a desk and a chair in the class, respect teachers and be friendly to classmates. See the spirit in trifles.
Second, the whole society should pay attention to educating people together. In the process of cultivating college students' public morality consciousness, the school is the main position, but the school is not omnipotent, and it is not feasible to rely on the school to sing a monologue. The school is not an island far away from society, and it is impossible for college students in the changing era to stay away from the social environment and remain independent. On the other hand, college students have a strong sense of social participation and pragmatic mentality, and also have a higher spiritual pursuit than the general public. Therefore, we must use the strength of all aspects of society to form a strong joint force to cultivate public moral consciousness. Paying attention to the growth of college students and cultivating qualified college students is the responsibility of the whole society, and cultivating college students' sense of public morality also needs the attention of the whole society. Only by integrating and giving full play to the overall function of social moral education can we achieve ideal results. As far as the social education of college students' public morality consciousness is concerned, family is an "influence source" that cannot be ignored. The education of public morality consciousness from families is mainly carried out through parents' words and deeds and good family style. At present, there are about 1 100 million families in China. If every family has a good family education, it is self-evident that families have a positive impact on college students' sense of public morality. There are also mass media, such as internet, radio, television, newspapers, magazines and books, which have an important influence on the cultivation of college students' public morality consciousness. Mass media is not only the carrier of spreading some moral concepts and moral examples, but also can arouse the moral feelings of college students with its unique diversity, vividness and artistic appeal, which has a great shock and infection on the mind. Especially in today's increasingly information-based, the moral education function of mass media is becoming more and more prominent, which must be highly valued. In a word, social morality awareness education is multi-channel, multi-faceted, multi-level and multi-directional. For the cultivation of college students' social morality consciousness, it is generally said that we should strive for the cooperation and support from all aspects, that is, family, school, society and government, education, culture, propaganda, news, publishing, public security, justice and mass organizations to make joint efforts and make concerted efforts.
Second, strengthen and consolidate college students' public morality consciousness with "self-discipline". It is impossible to cultivate college students' sense of public morality only by moral education outside school and in society. Heteronomy must be transformed into self-discipline in order to become an eternal moral law in the heart. In other words, cultivating college students' sense of public morality is not only a matter for schools and society, but also a matter for college students themselves. Therefore, we must arouse college students' awareness of self-discipline and strengthen their self-education and self-cultivation.
Moral cultivation is the self-transformation and self-improvement of moral quality according to the requirements of social life and social morality, and it is the self-discipline of human subject spirit. College students' active moral cultivation is to launch a struggle between good and evil, right and wrong, right and wrong in their own hearts, and constantly renew themselves and surpass themselves. This inner world struggle and dissection process is by no means forced by some external force, but based on people's own internal moral needs. Marx understood this moral need as the need of people's all-round development, and psychologist Maslow also regarded it as the main component of self-realization needs. Without people's conscious, voluntary and self-action, there can be no real moral cultivation. Therefore, to cultivate college students' awareness of social morality, we must do more in-depth and meticulous work from the perspective of college students as moral subjects, and change "asking college students to observe and practice social morality" into "I want to observe and practice social morality".
Third, exercise and form public morality consciousness in practice.
Marx said in his book: "The generation of ideas is directly intertwined with people's material activities, people's material communication and the language of real life. Ideas, thoughts and people's spiritual exchanges are also the direct products of people's material relations here. " Life determines consciousness, not consciousness. Moral education and moral cultivation must focus on "practical learning" and "implementation" and cannot be divorced from practice. When criticizing the idealistic thought that "action is the beginning of knowledge and knowledge is the achievement of action", Tao Xingzhi put forward the view that "action is the beginning of knowledge and action is the achievement of knowledge", and explained that this "is not to deny listening and speaking knowledge, but to admit that familiarity is the foundation of all knowledge, and listening and speaking knowledge must be rooted in familiarity before it can take effect". Therefore, we must devote ourselves to social practice, in order to truly transform the external social morality requirements into college students' own social morality consciousness. Social practice activities are all kinds of activities that students use their holidays and spare time to get in touch with society, understand society and serve society. As the old saying goes, "Only when you write it down on paper can you practice it." Only by going deep into the society, studying the society and understanding the national conditions can college students understand the reality clearly. Only by training in practice, increasing knowledge and talents can we mature better and faster. Only by being deeply rooted in the people and absorbing nutrition and strength can we constantly inspire their enthusiasm for benefiting the people and contributing to the country and truly make a difference. Therefore, it is necessary for college students to absorb nutrition, cultivate sentiment, cultivate quality and temper their will in participating in social practice. On the basis of understanding the national conditions and people's feelings, we should integrate theory with practice and firmly establish a sense of public morality.
(Baidu Library)