"Xianyang family, descendants of famous officials"
Zheng He, the eunuch of Sambo, lived in the early years of history. According to Wu Han's "Everyone in Ming History", Zheng Heying was captured as a slave by the Ming army that attacked Yunnan and was "castrated". What we can determine about Zheng He's nearest ancestor is only accurate to the early Yuan Dynasty. From the quantitative point of view, the information about Zheng He's family history is extremely rich, and it points to a very unified year, all of which point to the Xianyang king in the Yuan Dynasty and the political official Saidian Chishan Temple Ding in Pingzhang, Yunnan.
Saidian Chishan Saidian was a famous politician in the early Yuan Dynasty, who was born in the Bukhara royal family in Central Asia. Yuan Taizu's Western Expedition was greeted by "a thousand troops riding leopards and storks", and Mao's was "destined for Suwei, conquering himself and being nameless by Saidian". His name is now translated as al-al-SayyidShamsal-Din'Umar. Ding Sheng is a competent minister. In the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Shizu established a province in Yunnan and appointed him as a minister. During his six years in Pingzhang, Yunnan, he "revived the heart of Yunnan and became the son of Yunnan", revived the people's livelihood in Yunnan, and carried forward Confucius and Mencius. It has had a far-reaching impact on the social, economic and cultural development of Yunnan after its return. He died in Ren Shang in the 16th year of Yuan Dynasty at the age of 69. From subaltern to son of heaven, all changed face:
The people cried in the alley and were buried in the north gate. King Toe sent twelve envoys, and Qi Jian paid tribute. His words were "Give birth to me, support me and love my parents", and the messenger cried her eyes out. Considering the advantages of imperial competition, I ordered officials in Yunnan Province to abide by the rules of the competition and not to change them. In the first year of Dade, he was Zuo Yun and Anyuan, a hero of Jimei, a captain of a school, and a king of Xianyang. I am loyal to you.
Because Saidian Chishan was named King of Xianyang, his descendants called themselves "Xianyang Family" or "Xianyang King". For example, the genealogy of Xianyang is the oldest existing genealogy among the branches of Saidianchi family, which belongs to the Saishi family in Jinan, and was originally named "Zhonghui Xianyang Wang Sai Family Biography". The earliest known part of this spectrum was written in the third year of Dade, Yuan Chengzong, with the words "June in the third year of Dade" on the cover and the seal of Bavenfubao, Brazil. The last part was written in the Qing Dynasty and is now in the Shandong Provincial Museum.
Zheng He's genealogy is also named after "Xianyang Family". During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Shi mentioned in his novel Lu Zhishen that Zheng He's genealogy was named Xianyang. It can be seen that Zheng He is a descendant of Saidianchi, which is common sense in the Ming Dynasty:
Year number of "Xianyang": He is a descendant of King Xianyang, a foreigner, and was sent to the West by Yongle Middle School. "
In the 1960s, Beijing National Culture Palace collected a copy of Xianyang Family Tree from the descendants of Nanjing Zheng. Unfortunately, this genealogy of Zheng He was lost and never found again. At present, only the cover of this board remains in the hands of Zheng in Nanjing, which is the direct evidence that Zheng is a member of the Saidianchi family. In 2005, descendants of Zheng He's family published the related genealogy data set under the name of Xianyang Family Genealogy: A Collection of Zheng He's Family Studies.
In 20 14, the tombstone of Zheng He's descendant's wife was found in the southern suburbs of Nanjing. The author is his grandson and the inscription is missing. The word "Xianyang people"
"Ann taboo elder sister-in-law, male eldest daughter, outside the ancestral XiXuan Zheng Gong Yuan roommate also. According to Lin, Ma, the ancestor of Justine, named Yuan De the king of Xianyang. When the tomb came, there were some examples of temple buildings in the southern suburbs of Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, ................, which were neither cultivated nor lost. Sun Ding, the duke of Shangyuan County in ...................., wrote a book for the first time without worship. On an auspicious day in September, Guangxu Shen Jia visited Sun Houdao in Jirentai.
Saihi Justine calls himself a "saint", that is, a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad of Islam. So the descendants of Zheng He, their descendants, often call themselves "saints". 193 1 year, the tombstone of Liu Zhengtai Jun, the grandson of Zheng He XII who died in Yongzheng period, was unearthed near the tombstone of Zheng Chentai Jun in the 10th year of Guangxu reign in Yueshan, Kunyang, Yunnan. Fang Guoyu's Epitaph of the Dead Horse Worker records:
"193 1 year, when I was digging in the Moon Mountain in Kunyang, I gave Zheng He a bonus 1 Yunnan Historical Materials Catalogue Overview Volume 9 Ming Dynasty Cultural Relics. 1964, Li Dehe visited the monument. He said that the Yu Yan Monument is 4 feet 2 inches high and 65,438 feet 6 inches wide. Among them, the tomb of Zheng Liu Taijun, entrusted by the Qing Emperor to attend Yangzhou Anti-Arrest Department in Lang Kun, was carved on the right, starting from March 17th of Yongzheng and ending on September 4th of Qianlong Yihai, on the left. On the tablet, the word "Sheng Shang Sheng" is written, and the following two lines read "Eighteen grandsons of Xianyang king in Yuan Dynasty and twelve grandsons of Sanbao eunuch in Ming Dynasty".
Many people have seen this monument. Peng Jialin said in Zheng's Tombstone Year: "Zheng He is the grandson of Xianyang VI, so we can see the tombstones of his twelve granddaughters-in-law. His epigraphy is the evidence left behind and can be trusted." The tombstone Peng Jialin saw should also be the tombstone of Zheng Liu Taijun.
In addition to writing and epigraphy materials. The blood relationship between Zheng He and Saidian Chishan Temple Ding has also been confirmed by the Institute of Modern Genetics. 20 14 Wang Chuanchao published a comparative study of male family members in Kunming, Yunnan Province and Na's Y haplotype in Datong, Yunnan Province in his paper "Research on the surname of Zhenghe family in Mahazhi". Both of them are below haplotype L 1a-M76, and they have very close * * * same ancestors. This haplotype is mainly distributed in eastern Iran, southern Pakistan and India, and almost does not exist in China.
According to a lot of evidence, we have been able to confirm that Zheng He is a descendant of Saidian Sistine. However, there are many kinds of genealogical data of Saidianchi-Mahafu, from Shan Siding to Zheng He, with great differences from generation to generation.
From Justine to Zheng He's house, it's still foggy. There has been a heated debate about whether Mahazhima, Zheng He and his son came from the front line of Nasuddin, the eldest son of Shan Siding, or from Wu, the fourth son of Shan Siding.
According to the newsletter of Modern Anthropology, there are five sons in Yunnan Pingzhang Saidian Chishan Saidian. Justine's eldest son, Naradine, inherited the title of "Saidianchi" and was also the most prominent of the five brothers. He served as the commander-in-chief of various roads in Yunnan, promoting peace politics in Yunnan and Shaanxi provinces, and died in the 29 th year of Yuan Dynasty. If you push it, you can get a hero, a mentor and a blessing. You, like Shang and Zhongshu, the prime ministers of the Third Division, are also the King of Yan 'an. Among the grandchildren of Sage Justine, the more successful ones are Nasuradin's sons: Bo Yan, Umar and Sha; Bo Yan Cher and others.
The third son, second only to Nasu, became a member of the "fear of learning" in the early Yuan Dynasty by "staying at home". After leaving office, he successively served as a doctor of the Ministry of War, general manager of Nanjing, and an imperial historian.
The second son Hassan went to Guangdong Road to announce his comfort to the Commander-in-Chief. Four-speed butyl five Murray, Jianchang Taoist Temple. Ma Guan went to Yunnan, all the way to the government of Pingzhang in Zhongshu Province.
At present, the only credible lineage of Saidian Chishan Temple Ding and Zheng He comes from the epitaph of Zheng He's father Yuan Shijuan 19 1 found in Yueshan, Kunyang, Yunnan in. This inscription was found by Yuan Jiagu, the champion of Guangxu Guimao Economic Major in Yunnan University in 2009. After Zheng He made his fortune, please ask Li Zhigang, the minister of does, to add. Its text is:
Gong Gacai, surnamed, is from Kunyang, Yunnan. Zuyan, Shi. Only father, mother. He was born in a noble family, but he was afraid of the wind and refused to waste himself. Everyone has it. There's nothing to hide. Especially good-tempered, the poor and widowed will always be protected and never feel tired. Will not be called an elder because of the hometown party. Marry a writer and you will be virtuous. Two people, often and Ji He; Four women. He has been a talent since childhood, and today he is a son. His name is Zheng, and he is a eunuch in charge of internal affairs. Diligence, humility and sensitivity, humility and confidentiality, and not avoiding meritorious deeds are well known to the gentry. Alas, it's accumulated over time to see my son made public, which can be seen from the cultivation of the Justice Party. Born in Shen Jia on February 9th, 65438, he died in Hongwu, Ren Xu on July 3rd at the age of 39. Wen Ming, the eldest son, was commended in Baoxiangshan and Daicun. Ming: It's a habit to keep the frontier fortress polite and righteous, and it's better to celebrate the rest for a long time to show the light at that time. In the third year of Yongle, Duanyang Day was written by Li Zhigang, a scholar of Zuo Chunfang, a minister of rites.
According to Zheng He's father's epitaph, Zheng He's father and grandfather are both called "Haji", but "Haji" is not a name, but a name for Muslims who have been to Mecca for pilgrimage, meaning "asylum". In other words, the epitaph of Lao Ma Gong did not provide the Islamic or Mongolian names of Zheng He's father and ancestors. Zheng He's great-grandfather named "Bo Yan" was suspected to be Mongolian, but his great-grandfather "Bai Yan" with Mongolian name must also have an Islamic name. For example, the epitaph says that Bo Yan, the grandson of Saidianchi, a Persian historian who lost his morality, had a name called "Abu Birkel", which was never recorded in China's historical records.
Did not provide any enough information to judge which son Zheng He came from in Sedianchi. 1983, Zheng, a descendant of Li Hezheng, found a collection of Nanjing Zheng's history in Beijing Workers' Cultural Palace. Describe Zheng He's family history like this:
"Mahamu's eldest son, Saidian Justine, was ordered by the emperor to decide Xianyang, the town, invite the marshal, grant Zhu, left the prime minister, seal the king of Xianyang, and still manage the politics of Pingzhang. Sadian has taken over Steiner. Nansheng Bo Yan, Chu Huaiwang. , Hou, Ma.
This preface was written by the old man who destroyed Zheng's old spectrum after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom uprising subsided. The preface says:
"Ugly ugly, home, family idle. ...................
Surprisingly, the contents of this genealogy supplemented by later generations are quite different from Epitaph, Preface to Genealogy and Preface to Chaozheng Genealogy in Yunnan. These genealogies are two descendants of Justin's sixth generation Sun Saiyan, namely Hou Saiha Zhi in Xianning of Ming Dynasty and his younger brother Sai Ying. Junna Su Dading's lineage is in the first line:
Suna Latin, the 32nd ancestor; Bo Yan, the 33rd ancestor; The thirty-fourth ancestor Mina; Named Yang Dianhou. Millikin, the 35th ancestor, was granted the right to participate in the political power in Yunnan Province, and Kunyang is the hometown of Yanghou, Yunnan Province.
This is the basis for Li to judge that Zheng Heying came from "Nassau-Bo Yan Series". The old man lost weight.
However, the late ruler Li Man made a hasty inference about Zheng He's lineage. The genealogy of Zheng He and his previous six generations given in the article "Saidian Chi Jia Pu" is as follows: Justine Nasrudin-Bo Yan-Medina-Millikin-Zheng He. There is no evidence to prove that Mirijin, the son of Medina, is related to Zheng He of Mashijiacheng, but Li Lao judged that Mirijin was the father of Zheng He. In addition, it is unknown whether Cha Milner in 2000 was the eldest son of Bo Yan in the year when the Sese clan died, because Cha Milner actually means "Little Mina", and Cha Milner is probably actually Mina's younger brother! The same example happened to Bo Yan and his brother Bo Yan Char.
Zheng He's tomb is in Niushou Mountain in Nanjing. Zheng He believes in Buddhism, but his adopted son and descendants are Muslims, so it was built in Muslim style when it was rebuilt.
What's more, the inference of this lineage is the founder of Zheng He's lineage in the genealogy of Saidianchi in Yunnan, the epitaph of ancient Magong and historical records. Historically, Zheng He took Ma Yi, the son of his younger brother Ma, as his adopted son and inherited his family business. Because of Zheng's outstanding achievements, the court named Ma as a Royal Guards, commanding thousands of families, and Zheng lived in the "Ma Fu" in Nanjing.
"The tomb of Zheng He, the eunuch of Sanbao, is at the foot of Niushou Mountain. Yongle's middle-aged voyage to the West yielded fruitful results. Xuande went to the Western Ocean in his middle age, died in Guri and was buried here. My disciple Yi, a thousand hereditary brocade, was embarrassed. "
Perhaps because of Zheng He's eunuch status, these volumes omit Zheng He's name, but focus on the situation that Mahachi-Ma Wenming-Zheng Yi worked as a security guard in Nanzhili. And recorded that "Maha Zhi" came from Saidian Chisizi, Justin, manager of Jianchang Road in Yunnan, and Ravdin Wu Molly:
"If you cover the genealogy of the world, the surname is the same and the surname is different. I have different surnames, but their surnames are the same. People with the same surname and different clans cannot enter the spectrum; Those with different surnames but different clans can't help but enter. From sai-jo to the top, the first one is true, and the rest are horizontal, imitating Ouyang. Then all the links in the following vertical books are listed as the best in Suri, and they will always be a spectrum for everyone to know. If you have different surnames and belong to the same family, don't read them indiscriminately, which will lead to your death. If it is lower than 7, it will be included in another book, which is specially for the game. The descendants of Ruona, Ruoha, Ruohu, Ruozheng, Ruomi, Ruosu, Ruosha, Ruoshan and Ruosha are short of books. Not just outside. It's annoying, difficult to check and messy. People have different surnames and surnames are different. "
"There are people who live in Nanzhili and have clothes, but after Maha."
"My eldest son Ma works as a security guard in Nanzhi."
"Ding Furen Wu Mou gave birth to eight sons, and the eldest son Mohezhi was awarded the South Zhili Royal Guards."
Combining these materials with Sai Dianchi's genealogy, we can sort out the lineage of Zheng He's ancestors as follows: Justine-Chenradingwumili-Mahachi-Mahachi-Zheng He.
In addition to genealogical data, another Zheng He research expert, Professor Zheng Yijun from the Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has a completely different view. Judging from the fact that the ancestors of Zheng He's father took "Ma" as China's surname, Zheng He did not come from Justine's eldest son, nor from his fourth son, but from his fifth son Ma. And gave his presumed lineage: Shan Siding-Masuhu-Bai Yan-Chamertina-Maha-Zheng He. When Hui people took the Han surname in Yuan Dynasty, they often took the initials of their ancestors as their surnames. There are many horse surnames in the Hui nationality today, which is related to this and can be used as a reference.
Zheng He, a eunuch of the Ming Dynasty, was born in Yunnan, whose name was Sambo, also known as Sambo. People from Kunyang, Yunnan. China was a navigator and diplomat in Ming Dynasty.
Zheng He is only a native of Yunnan, and has no life stories of other generations. According to the people of Kunyang, Yunnan Province, Ma Jiacheng, Zheng He is the second son, eldest son and four sisters of Maha. But this statement is an isolated proof, which is doubtful in academic circles. On this basis, Wu Han speculated that Zheng He or Yu Hongwu were captured and castrated by the Ming army when 138 1 attacked Yunnan. Elected to the Palace Bureau for two years of training; /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he was appointed as the palace to serve Judy's Yan Palace. In the first year of Yongle, monk Yao Daoyan led a horse and became a disciple of the Bodhisattva. His legal name is Fu Jixiang. He believed in Buddhism all his life and compiled Buddhist scriptures widely.
In the second year of Yongle, Zheng He was promoted to be the eunuch in charge of internal affairs, ranking fourth, second only to Li Jian. Zheng He is clever, knows soldiers and can fight. Ming Chengzu trusted Zheng He very much. From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He made seven voyages to the Western Ocean, which made great achievements in human history. In April of the eighth year of Xuande, Zheng He died in Guri on the west coast of India. Its ashes are buried in the underground palace of Nanjing Hongjue Temple, namely Zheng He's tomb in Niushou Mountain, Nanjing, or its cenotaph.