From Li Zhouguan's Pure Foreign History: "In charge of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors.

Suirenshi

Books. "

Usually those who talk about ancient history must talk about "Three Emperors and Five Emperors". The "Five Emperors" are still behind "Huang San", and it is generally believed that "Huang San" is the humanistic ancestor of the Chinese nation. [ 1]

The name "Huang San" can't be found in the classics, and there are different views on its composition. However, Shangshu Zhuan Xu regards Suiren, Fuxi and Shennong as "Huang San", and ancient books such as Tongyin of Customs, Yi Tong of White Tiger and Textual Research of Ancient History also hold this view. [1] According to the most widespread Taoist culture, "Huang San" is also: Sui people (Emperor Yangdi), Fuxi (Emperor) and Shennong (Agricultural Emperor).

However, according to ancient records, opinions vary and there is no conclusion.

Historical Records of Qin Shihuang's Biography says that Qin Shihuang, Huangdi and Tai Huang were all from Huang San. The seventy-eighth volume of Taiping Yulan quotes another viewpoint of Spring and Autumn Wei, which holds that the emperor, the Yellow Emperor and Ren Huang are Huang San, and it seems that Tai Huang is Ren Huang.

Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi were Huang San in the imperial century. Three-character Classics: From Xinong to Huangdi. No, it's Huang San, ranking first in the world. (Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi)

"As a mirror outside the rules" takes Fuxi, Shennong and * * * as Huang San.

Books such as Dou Yun Book and Yuan Mingbao show that Huang San is not only Fuxi and Shennong, but also Nu Wa, who established a marriage system to make people. In Shu Wei in the Han Dynasty, Huang San was called "Three Gods" with the Emperor, Huangdi and Ren Huang. Later, in Taoism, Huang San was divided into three groups: the third-grade emperor was human; In Huang San, people face snakes or dragons; In the post-Huang San, the post-emperor was the dragon, that is, Fuxi, the post-emperor was the snake, that is, Nu Wa, and the later generation was the cow, that is, Shennong.

Suiren

Fu Xi

Shennong

Huang San

Five legendary rulers

As for the five emperors in ancient times, there are different opinions. Generally speaking, they are Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yao Shun.

Shaohao

There are three main theories about the Five Emperors, one of which refers to Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yao Shun. The second statement refers to Da Bian (Fuxi), Yan Di, Huangdi, Shao Bian (Shao Hao) and Zhuan Xu. The third statement refers to Zhuan Xu, (Di Ku) and Yao Shun. The first four emperors (Bai Di, Di Qing, Huangdi and He) worshipped Qin, but five emperors.

History Book, Li Ji of the Great Generation and Historical Records of the Five Emperors listed Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yao Shun as the five emperors.

The Book of Rites Moon Order takes Dapian (Fuxi), Yan Di, Huangdi, Shaopian (Shao Hao) and Zhuan Xu as five emperors.

Shao Hao, Zhuan Xu, (Di Ku), Yao and Shun are regarded as five emperors in The Preface to Shangshu and The Century of Emperors.

In addition, there is a myth that the five gods are collectively called the five emperors. The "Five Emperors" in Wang Yi's Notes on Chu Ci in the Eastern Han Dynasty are five gods, namely Tai Hao in the East, Yan Di in the South, Shaoluo in the West, Zhuan Xu in the North and the Yellow Emperor in the Central. In the Tang Dynasty, Jia Zaitianguan's "Sacrifice to Five Emperors" was the forerunner of the hub in the east, the south, the yellow emperor in the middle, the white emperor in the west and the north.

The first four emperors (Bai Di, Di Qing, Huangdi and He) worshipped Qin, but five emperors. According to Lv Buwei's Twelve Generations, the Five Emperors are the gods in charge of the four directions, four seasons and five elements. The yellow emperor is in the middle, with earth virtue; Dayu lives in the east, has virtue, and is the master of spring, also known as the Spring Emperor; Emperor Yan lives in the south, has fire virtue, and is in charge of the summer, also known as Emperor Yan; Juxi, and Jinde, the main autumn, also known as Bai Di; Zhuan Xu, also known as Hei Di, lives in the north and has a good reputation for water. (Lv Chunqiu and Zhao Lei) Who are the Three Emperors and Five Emperors? For the Five Emperors, the statement of Historical Records of the Five Emperors is generally adopted.

Yellow Emperor

zhuanxu

Di Ku

Five legendary rulers

Five legendary rulers

Five legendary rulers

Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Yao and Shun (Dai Li Ji);

Xi (Fuxi), Shennong, Huangdi, Yaoshun (Warring States Policy);

Tai Hao, Yan Di, Huangdi, Shao Hao, Zhuan Xu (Lv Chunqiu);

Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Yao;

, Zhuan Xu,, Yao, Shun (pseudo "Preface to Shangshu"); This theory will be adopted by history books in the future because of its respect for the status of Confucian classics. Therefore, this theory of three emperors and five emperors is regarded as an ancient history of belief;

Huangdi (Xuanyuan), Di Qing (Fuxi) and Chi Di are also called Yan Di (Shennong), Bai Di (Shao Hao), Hei Di (Zhuan Xu) and (Five Gods).

Three Sages King and Five Emperors —— Legendary Rulers of China in Ancient Times.

Huang San

Fuxi Nuwa Shennong [2]

Fuxi Shennong Huangdi [3]

Suiren Fuxi Shennong [4]

Five legendary rulers

Huang Di Chuan Xu Di Ku Yao Shun [5]

Shao Hao biography Xu Di Ku Yao Shun [6]

Tai Hao [7] Yan Di Huangdi Shao Hao Zhuan Xu [8]

There are different opinions about the three emperors and five emperors. Huang San's version refers to the viewpoints in Biography of Sima Zhen Huang San, Historical Records and Biography of Shangshu. Five Emperors refer to Records of Five Emperors, Book of Rites, Spring and Autumn Annals and Mandarin. White Tiger Yi Tong and Preface to Shangshu; My opinion on Lu's Chunqiu and Huainanzi.