[1] Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: It would be nice for poets after the middle Tang Dynasty to refer to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (Liu Che) as Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Fall in love with the country: refers to beautiful women. Yu Yu: Rule this country.
[2] The Yang family has a daughter: Yang Guifei is the daughter of manager Yang Xuanyan. She grew up in the home of Hsuan Yang's uncle Wang Gui, nicknamed Yuhuan. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, she was conferred the title of Princess Shouwang (Li, son of Xuanzong). In twenty-eight years, Xuanzong named her a Taoist priest, lived in Taizhen Palace, and changed her name to Taizhen. Tianbao's four-year book was named the imperial concubine.
[3] Six palaces: the residence of empresses. Dai Dai: This is women's cosmetics, which is synonymous with women here. No color: it means that Liugong is not beautiful compared with Yang Guifei's concubines.
[4] Huaqing Pool: In the eleventh year of Kaiyuan, the hot spring palace was built in Lishan, and it was renamed Huaqing Palace in Tianbao for six years. The hot spring pool was also renamed "Huaqing Pool". Coagulation: describes the white and smooth skin.
[5] Cheng Enze: refers to being favored by the emperor.
[6] Step shake: the name of a kind of jewelry, which is made of gold and silver wire bent into the shape of a flower branch, decorated with pearls and jade, inserted into a bun, and shaken when walking, so it is called "Step shake".
[7] Sisters and brothers: refers to the Yang family. After the memorial seal, his eldest sister Mrs. Han, third sister Mrs. Guo and eighth sister Mrs. Qin. Uncle Yang became the official in charge of Hong Qing, Yang became the official in charge of the empire, and Yang Zhao was made a national loyalty. In the eleventh year of Tianbao (752), he was the right prime minister, so he was called "all the places are listed" (divided). Poor: cute.
[8] Li Xinggong: the palace. Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei often drink and have fun here.
[9] Yuyang: Jizhou, Hebei Province, the first year of Tianbao, was renamed Yuyang County. At that time, the area under its jurisdiction was about the east of Beijing today. Including Jixian County and Pinggu County, it was originally under the jurisdiction of An Lushan, the envoy of Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong. Gebei: a small drum used by the ancient army, riding a drum. The name of the famous dance music.
[10] Jiuzhong City Que: refers to the capital city. Smoke: refers to the disaster of war. Southwestern Travel: In June of the 15th year of Tianbao (756), An Lushan broke Tongguan, and Yang Guozong advocated fleeing to the middle of Shu. Chen was ordered to lead the "Sixth Army", and he and Yang Guifei left Yanmenguan with the "Sixth Army" and headed for the southwest.
[1 1] Cui Hua: refers to the flag decorated with kingfisher feathers in the emperor's ceremony.
[12] beauty: here refers to Yang Guifei.
[13] Cui Qiao: The long hair on the tail of kingfisher is called "Joe". This refers to the headdress shaped like "Cuiqiao". Goldfinch: A golden hairpin in the shape of a sparrow. Jade scratch head: jade hairpin. All kinds of jewelry and flower buds were thrown on the ground.
[14] Cloud stack: a plank road high into the clouds. Lingering: cycle twists and turns. Jiange: Jiange Gate is located in the north of Jiange County, Sichuan Province.
[15] Emei Mountain: In Emei County, Sichuan Province. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Shu, he did not cross Mount Emei. Here he only refers to the mountains in Sichuan today.
[16] Ming Taizu's Miscellaneous Notes: "Fortunately, Ming Taizu is in Shu, traveling southwest and entering the oblique valley for the first time. It was a rainy day, and he heard the ringtone of his mobile phone in the rain on the plank road, corresponding to the mountain. Shang (referring to Xuanzong) mourned the imperial concubine and chose her voice as "Rain Bell" to show her hatred. "
The sky turns to the sun: a metaphor for the country's recovery from overturning. Huilongguan: refers to Xuanzong's return to Chang 'an from Zhongshu. This refers to Yang Guifei's suicide.
[18] Ma Yipo: In the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province. The former "only 30 miles from the capital, outside the west gate" refers to the land.
[19] Grandpa: The name of the pool is located in Daming Palace in the northeast of Chang 'an. Weiyang: Palace name, in the northwest of Chang 'an County. Both of them are time-honored brands dating back to the Han Dynasty. This refers to ponds, gardens and palaces in the Tang Dynasty.
[20] Xigong: "Biography of Eunuch in the New Tang Dynasty" contains: Li coerced Tai () to move from Xingqing Palace to "Xinei" (the Tang Dynasty called Taiji Palace "Xinei").
[2 1] Liyuan: See Du Fu's Notes on Watching Gong Sundaniang Disciples Dance Sword. Jiao Fang: The name of the palace where the Queen lived. Coat the wall with pepper and mud to make it warm and fragrant. A Jian: a famous prostitute, the official name of women in Tang Dynasty. Qing 'e: refers to a beautiful young maid-in-waiting. "The young moth is old" and "the white hair is new" in the previous sentence.
[22] Pick out the solitary lamp: In ancient times, you used the lamp grass to light the oil lamp. After a while, you should pick the rush forward and let it burn well. Pick-up: It means that the night is deep and the lamp grass will be picked up.
[23] sorrow: bright. Xinghe: the Milky Way. Dawn: At the dawn of the day.
[24] Yuanyang tile: The roof tiles are called "Yuanyang tile" when they are buckled together. Frost flower: Frost flower. Weight: refers to the thickness of frost. Emerald blanket: A quilt embroidered with jade birds.
[25] Soul: refers to the dead soul of Yang Guifei.
[26] Lin Qiong (sound poor): Qionglai County, Sichuan Province today. Hongdu: the name of the North Palace Gate in Luoyang. Hong Duke: It means that this Sichuan alchemist once lived in Luoyang. When I say "Hongduke", I mean that Lin Qiong Taoist came to Kyoto as a guest.
[27] Poverty: the meaning of searching everywhere. Blue sky: refers to the sky. Yellow: underground.
[28] Five-color cloud: Five-color cloud. Elegant: Beautiful appearance.
[29] Inequality: It seems to be.
[30] Knock on the jade shovel: Knock on the door made of jade. Here refers to the latch or knocker, here refers to the door leaf. Xiaoyu: The author's "Song of Dancing in the Dance of Nishang Feather" Note: "Xiaoyu, a tea girl in Wu Wang." Shuangcheng: surnamed Dong. Legend of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: The Queen Mother of the West ordered Dong Shuangcheng, a jade girl, to blow clouds and make sounds. I regard Xiaoyu and Shuangcheng as Yang Guifei's maids.
[3 1] Jiuhua account: a colored account embroidered with Jiuhua patterns.
[32] bead foil: bead curtain. Screen; Screen. You: The connection is constant.
[33] Dry: Tears.
[34] condensation: staring.
[35] Zhaoyang Hall: The name of the Han Palace, where Zhao Ceng lived. This era refers to the former residence of Yang Guifei. Penglai Palace: the legendary fairy mountain on the sea. This represents fairyland. Tanghe: a jewelry box inlaid with golden flowers. Send to: Please send.
[36] Break: Separate. The meaning of two sentences is: keep one box and one piece, and leave it. Inside is a gold box, and inside is a metal flower.
[37] The Palace of Eternal Life: In Huaqing Palace.
[38] Connecting branches: The two roots are different, but the trunk is connected.
Brief analysis:
This poem is about the love story between Tang and Yang Guifei. Only the first sentence is about the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty, and other place names and names are true. This poem was written in the winter of the sixth year of Zongyuan (806). The poet was the magistrate of Wu (now Zhouzhi, Shaanxi). He once visited this temple with Chen Hong and Wang Zhi. At the suggestion of the king, he asked Chen Hong to write a love story about Xuanzong and his favorite concubine, which was circulated among the people at that time. Chen wrote this poem "The Song of Eternal Sorrow" in vain. Poetry begins with comedy and turns into tragedy. Although the author's original intention is to "punish the stunner", it has become an ode to love. The most successful part of this narrative poem is lyricism. The complicated plot can only explain the past in a few simple sentences, but it focuses on the rendering of feelings, carefully writing the deep love between Tang and Yang Guifei and the feelings of both sides after the death of the imperial concubine. Many famous sentences are touching and have been told by people for thousands of years. The dramatic and mythical description and strong romanticism in the poem are also the reasons for its strong artistic charm.
[Attached] Chen Hong, a scholar who was written before The Song of Eternal Sorrow.
At the beginning of Kaiyuan, the stage in Thailand was flat and there was nothing in the four seas. Xuanzong was in office for a long time, tired of eating night clothes, and had no political size, so he was appointed as the right prime minister; Live in a banquet and entertain yourself with music and sound. First of all, Yuan Xian's Empress and Wu Shufei are both favored and second to none. Although there are thousands of good people in the palace, none of them is pleasing to the eye. Slow down, unhappy. At the age of October every year, I was lucky enough to visit Huaqing Palace, a prostitute at home and abroad. I was radiant with scenery, and the aftermath of bathing day was also given.
Soak in soup, spring breeze and liquid, but in the meantime. He who is oily in his heart looks around when he meets anything, and his powder is like soil. Gao Lishi was called to search the outer palace and found Yang Xuanyan, the daughter of Hongnong, in Shoudi. I'm tired of hair, moderate thickness, lazy behavior and spinning like a person. I am very happy. On the day of introduction, I played colorful feathers to guide it. On the night of engagement, Chai Jin got a solid combination. He also ordered to wear a step shake and hang gold (Wang Dang). Next year, the book will be taken away by the imperial concubine in half an hour. Therefore, there are many ways to be sensitive to its words, with Chinese meaning as the first priority and interests as the first priority. When it's windy in Kyushu, there are five mountains with mud and gold, and Mount Li is snowy. When you go to Yangchun Dynasty, you will live in the same room and have a banquet and sleep. Although there are three wives, nine concubines, twenty-seven concubines and eighty-one emperors, there are talented people in the harem, prostitutes in Yuefu, and the son of heaven is carefree. There are naturally no lucky people in the sixth house. Not only are you gorgeous, but you are smart. You are very skilled. You want to know your intentions first, which is indescribable. Uncle Kun is listed in Guanqing with the title of Tong Hou. Sisters are the wives of the country, the rich royal family, cars and mansions, big princess, and the power of grace transcends it. Don't ask, don't go in and out of the forbidden door, all the officials in the capital look askance. So there was a saying at that time: "Don't be sad when you have a daughter, and don't like it when you have a child." He also said: "Men won't let the princess and daughter be wives, but they are lintels on the door." Its people envy it. In the last years of Tianbao, my brother Guo Zhong stole the position of Prime Minister and fooled the people. And An Lushan led the troops to que, in order to strive for Yang's resignation. Fortunately, Tongguan was not kept. Cui Nanhua went out of Xianyang Road and went to Mawei Pavilion for the second time. Six armies wandered around, holding halberds. Please thank the world by mistake before getting on the horse. Guo Zhong died in Daozhou with a plate of water. Left and right means unhappy. Ask. at that time
Those who dare to speak, please fill the world with imperial concubine. I know it's inevitable, but I can't bear to watch it die. I hid my face and led away. Pale yellow, but definitely under the ruler group. Then Xuanzong took office in Chengdu, and Su Zong took over Zen Lingwu.
-The following quotation is taken from Appreciation of Tang Poetry edited by Li Jizhou/
On the seventh day of July, in the hall of eternal life? We secretly told each other in the silent midnight world?
We want to fly in heaven, and two birds use one wing? Growing together on the earth, two branches of a tree. ③
(1) Eternal Life Hall: The first hall of the Qing Palace in the Tang Dynasty, built in November of the first year of Tianbao, was named Lingtai, dedicated to the gods. The Tang dynasty also called the emperor's bedroom the hall of eternal life. Therefore, the longevity hall mentioned in the poem does not necessarily mean gathering tables. Two-winged bird: The legendary bird, with only one eye and one wing, is named Mule. The male and female are tied together and fly very close. ③ Connecting branches: The branches of two trees are connected together. ④ Song of Eternal Sorrow: an immortal narrative poem. It was written in the winter of Yuan and the first year of Tang Xianzong. When Bai Juyi was a county commandant, he visited the temple with his friends Chen Hong and You Xian, talking about the past and the present, and talking about the favor and indulgence of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, which eventually led to the change of Ma Su. Very touching. This was done at the suggestion of Wang Zhifu. Chen Hong also wrote "Biography of Eternal Sorrow" for it, so poetry and biography are integrated and complement each other.
Late at night on July 7th, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei made a vow in the Palace of Eternal Life: They would like to be lovebirds in Qi Fei, with branches on the ground, and they would like to be a loving couple forever. Poetry is beautifully written and often quoted by later generations to show loyalty to love.
Natural beauty is hard to give up? Once elected, stand on the king's side, ④
1 Beauty: Beauty. 2 Hard to give up: born with beauty, hard to give up, hard to live up to. 3 choose: choose a concubine. In fact, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty snatched Yang Yuhuan from his son Li Mao, and the word "Xuan" was a cover-up for the venerable. Yang Guifei, whose name is Yuhuan, was born in Yongle (now Ruicheng, Shaanxi Province) and grew up in his uncle's home. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (AD 735), she was canonized as the concubine of Li Mao, the longevity king. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan (AD 740), Xuanzong wanted to be a concubine, but he was afraid of the birthright of his in-laws and daughters-in-law. He regards her as a female Taoist, living in Taizhen Palace, and her Taoist name is too real. This is a temporary arrangement to hide people's eyes and ears. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), he was conferred the title of imperial concubine, which was greatly favored by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. 4 sides: left and right.
These two sentences mean that Yang Guifei is born with beauty. How can you dislike her? She was once "chosen" as the concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and she was extremely loved. This is telling the truth, because Yang Guifei is a long-lived princess and the daughter-in-law of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, so the irony is intriguing.
The earth endures, and the sky endures; One day, both will end. This hatred is endless.
Long sentence: No matter how long the sky is, no matter how long the land is, there will always be an end. (2) this hate refers to the love tragedy between Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. 3 continuous: appear continuously for a long time. ④ Endless period: when there is no end.
These two sentences mean that the sky is so long, the earth is so long, and there are times when it is exhausted; The long-lasting hatred of this love tragedy will never end. The poem points out "long hatred" in popular language, which shows the eternal regret of Tang Xuanzong for Yang Guifei's love oath. These two sentences are often quoted by later generations to express endless regret.
Jiuchong City Que ① Smoke ②? Thousands of chariots and horses marched southwest.
① Jiuchong City Que: refers to the capital city. The emperor lived in nine gates, namely No.9 Middle School, Lu Yi, Eryingmen, san huang, Shikumen, Wugao, Liucheng, Qijiao, Bajiao and Jiumen. (2) Smoke and dust: there is war. (3) A thousand sentences: If you go southwest, you will escape to Sichuan. "The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty Xuanzong Ji": In June of the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Tongguan did not keep it, and the capital was terrible. "The Sino-Japanese War, will be lucky shu. ..... B Wei came out of Yanqiu Gate in the early morning, slightly wet by the rain, leaving only the Prime Minister Yang Wei, the incumbent Gao Lishi, the prince, the prince, the concubine and the grandson out of reach. " "Zi Tang" Volume 34: "Yang ... sang the lucky strategy in Shu first, but it rose. ..... The Sino-Japanese War, ..... The northward movement of the war, that night, Long Wu General Chen was ordered to compare with the Sixth Army, give money, food and silk, and choose more than 900 horses as idle stables, which is unknown to outsiders. At dawn, Wei led the imperial concubine, prince, concubines, prince, grandson, Yang, Wei, Chen, eunuch and imperial secretary out of Yanmenguan, leaving only concubines, prince and grandson. "It is known that the escape is extremely hasty, and Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty has been scared to escape with Yang Guifei; At that time, my heart was a mess. " There are only 1000 followers of the Sixth Army. "'Riding a Maxima' in the poem is grandiose, and it is not credible.
The rich son of heaven was very scared and rushed to Sichuan with his imperial concubine and thousands of knights. Although the poet did not completely get rid of the shackles of "taboo respect", the word "line" contains rich meanings and is intriguing.
Is Mawei Slope (1) in the soil? That memory, that pain. Where is her white face? ②
① Maweipo: It is located in the west of Xingping City, Shaanxi Province, that is, the place referred to as "only 30 miles away from the capital, outside the west gate". ② No sentence: I didn't see Yang Fei, only the place where she died. Yu Yan: Yang Guifei.
These two sentences mean that Emperor Xuanzong returned to Chang 'an from Shu, buried Yang Fei via Maweipo, and sent someone to put a coffin for reburial. When the mound is dug out, the body is rotten, leaving only the sachet. So, in the mud of Maweipo, Yang Fei was not seen, only the place where she died. The word "empty" contains the inner sadness, painful memories and endless yearning of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty.
On the poor, in the blue sky, on the yellow land? But he couldn't find what he wanted in two places.
(1) Poverty: exhaustion and ubiquity. (2) Blue sky: Taoism says that the first floor of the East Building is full of blue sky, which is called "blue sky". Here refers to the sky in general. (3) Grave: a crypt buried after death. By referring to the underworld.
In these two sentences, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered the alchemist to look for the imperial concubine from the sky to the ground, but it was nowhere to be found in the vast sea of people. It expresses Tang Xuanzong's deep yearning for Yang Guifei.
Temple fireflies fly quietly? Lonely lamp, sleepless.
1 think quietly: lonely and sad. (2) Pick out the solitary lamp: In ancient times, the lamp was lit with the lamp grass, and then the lamp grass was picked forward later to keep it burning. "Picking up" means it's getting late and the lamp grass is about to be picked up. Describe the sleepless nights.
At night, the old palace was empty, only fireflies flew around; The light went out, and it was late at night, and people still couldn't sleep well. I tried my best to play up Tang Xuanzong's yearning for Yang Guifei, so that I couldn't sleep at night.
What can we do if the sixth army doesn't send it? Turn around (3) Beauty (4) Die in front of the horse.
Sixth Army: The Emperor's security forces. The Zhou emperor had six armies, each with12,500 men. Later, the emperor's security forces were generally called the Sixth Army. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there were actually four armies, namely about longwu and about Yulin. Later, the left and right Shence armies were added to form the Sixth Army. 2 hairless: refuse to move forward. "Purple Tongzhi Sword" contains: When we went to Mayi Post Station, the soldiers were hungry and tired, and all of them were angry. Chen blamed Yang for the disaster and punished him. More than twenty Tibetan envoys, Gai Guo Zhong Ma, complained that they had no food. When Guo Zhong was wrong, the sergeant shouted, Guo Zhong conspired with Land Rover, and Guo Zhong left and chased him. Take the staff out of the sentry door, comfort the sergeant and order him to close the team, but the sergeant should not. When Gao Lishi, the senior envoy, asked him, Li Xuan replied: "The country is loyal to the rebellion, and it is not suitable to sacrifice the imperial concubine. May your majesty be merciful and correct the law. " Shang Yue: The imperial concubine lives in a boudoir, knowing her country's loyalty and rebelling? Lux said, the imperial concubine is innocent, but the soldiers killed the loyal country. How can the imperial concubine be safe around your majesty? May your majesty consider it clearly, and the soldiers will be safe, and your majesty will be safe. I ordered Lux to lure the imperial concubine to the Buddhist temple and kill her. I visited the corpse post office and asked Li Xuan and others to see it, so I started the whole department. (3) Wanzhuan: still unfolding and lingering. 4 moth eyebrows: this refers to the eyebrows of beautiful women, followed by beautiful women, and here refers to Yang Guifei.
These two sentences mean that at that time, it was only 100 miles west of the capital, and the Sixth Army refused to move forward. Really helpless. Yang Guifei was strangled in front of the horse in sadness and lingering. It reflects that the "Sixth Army refused to send" and demanded the execution of Yang Guifei, which is an anger against Tang Xuanzong's infatuation and debacle. The poem euphemistically and implicitly attacked Tang Xuanzong with the death of scapegoat, which left endless aftertaste.
The wind made the fairy sway? As if she were dancing in a rainbow skirt and feather coat.
1: Sleeves.
These two sentences mean that Yang Guifei stood on the fairy mountain, and when the breeze blew, her sleeves floated up, with a kind of elegant and free beauty, just like her graceful dance in the palace. With the help of imagination, the poet made Yang Guifei's image reappear in the fairyland, vivid and touching, deepened Tang Xuanzong's yearning for Yang Guifei, and further rendered the theme of "Song of Eternal Sorrow".
-Quoted from Appreciation of All Tang Poems edited by Li Jizhou/
Song of Eternal Sorrow is a famous masterpiece in Bai Juyi's poems. Written in the first year of Yuanhe (806), the poet served as county magistrate in yi county (now Zhouzhi, Shaanxi). He visited Xianyou Temple with his friends Chen Hong and Wang Zhifu, and wrote this poem because of the story of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. In this narrative poem, the author describes the love tragedy of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in the Anshi Rebellion with refined language, beautiful images, narrative and lyricism: their love was destroyed by their own rebellion, and they were endlessly eating the bitter fruit of this spirit. Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei are both historical figures. Poets do not stick to history, but rely on a little shadow of history. According to the legend of the people at that time, the singing of the neighborhood has degenerated into a tortuous and touching story, which is described and sung in a reciprocating and touching art form. Because the stories and characters in the poem are artistic, and they are the complex and true reappearance of people in reality, they can ripple in the hearts of readers in past dynasties.
The song of everlasting regret is the song of everlasting regret, which is the theme of the poem, the focus of the story and a touching seed buried in the poem. As for what you hate, why do you hate it for a long time? The poet does not tell and express directly, but shows it to readers layer by layer through his poetic stories, so that people can guess, remember and feel for themselves.
The first sentence at the beginning of the poem: "The emperor of China longs for beautiful women who may shake an empire" seems very common, as if the story should be written from here without the attention of the author. In fact, these seven words are extremely rich, which is the whole program, which not only reveals the tragic factors of the story, but also evokes and directs the whole poem. Then, in extremely frugal language, the poet described how Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty emphasized color and sought color before the Anshi Rebellion, and finally got Yang Guifei, who said, "As long as she turns her head and smiles, there will be a hundred spells, and the makeup of the sixth palace will go up in smoke." It describes the beauty and charm of Yang Guifei. After entering the palace, he was favored by color. She not only "inherited her kindness", but also "listed all her sisters and brothers in the soil". Repeatedly rendering how Tang Xuanzong indulged in debauchery, how to have fun, and how to indulge in singing, dancing and drinking in the palace all day. All this led to the Anshi Rebellion: "Until the drums of war exploded from Yuyang, shaking the earth and breaking the tune of rainbow skirts and feather clothes". This part describes the internal cause of "long hatred", which is the basis of the tragic story. Through the realistic description of this court life, the poet ironically introduced the hero and heroine of the story: an emperor who valued the country and despised the people, and a charming and pampered concubine. This also vividly implies that the misunderstanding of Tang Xuanzong is the root of this tragedy.
Below, the poet specifically described the scene that the emperor's military forces fled to the southwest after the Anshi Rebellion, especially the destruction of the love between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei in this turmoil. "People in the army stop, and no one will move until under their hooves, and they may trample on those moths. The gorgeous hairpin fell to the ground, and no one picked it up, a green and white Hosta and a golden hairy bird. The emperor couldn't save her, so he had to cover his face. Later, when he turned to look, the land of blood and tears wrote their scene "Where are you going, Maweipo". The "Sixth Army refused to send" and demanded the execution of Yang Guifei, which was an anger against Tang Xuanzong's infatuation with women and brought disaster to the country and people. The death of Yang Guifei is a key plot in the whole story. After that, their love turned into a tragedy. Then, from "hiding in the yellow dust blown by a cold wind" to "there is no beloved spirit to visit his dream", the poet seized the "hate" in the spiritual world of the characters, described the loneliness and sadness of Yang Guifei in Shu after her death, and also recalled the past on the way. The lingering lovesickness is heartbreaking. It is precisely because the poet exaggerates the feelings of the characters to such an extent that the arrival of Taoist priests and the appearance of fairyland behind them give people a sense of reality and will not think that they are purely castles in the air.
From "There lived a Taoist priest in Lingqiong who was a guest in the sky" to the end of the poem, Taoist writers helped Xuanzong find Yang Guifei. The poet used a romantic technique. Suddenly, he went to heaven and then to earth. "Above, he looked for the green void, below, the yellow spring, but he didn't find the person he was looking for in either place." Later, Yang Guifei was found on the ethereal fairy mountain at sea, and was allowed to reappear in the fairyland with the image of "tears falling down her sad white face, like spring rain on a pear flower", warmly welcoming the envoys of the Korean family, expressing their feelings, sending a symbolic message, reaffirming the previous vows, taking care of Tang Xuanzong's thoughts about her, and further deepening and rendering the theme of "long hatred". At the end of the poem, it ends with "and this endless sorrow is endless", points out the theme, responds to the beginning, and achieves "silence", giving readers room for association and aftertaste.
The Song of Eternal Sorrow first gives us the enjoyment of artistic beauty, a moving story in the poem and a delicate and unique artistic conception. The center of the whole article is "Song of Eternal Sorrow", but the poet tries his best to write and render it with "thick ink and heavy color" as the starting point. "Work at sunrise and rest at sunset", "Don't go early", "Stay up late", "I can't get enough of it" and so on. , appear extremely happy, like a comedy. However, that kind of extreme joy is only in contrast to the endless hatred behind it. The dissoluteness of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty led to a political tragedy, which in turn led to a love tragedy between him and Yang Guifei. The maker of the tragedy finally becomes the hero of the tragedy, which is a particularly tortuous part of the story and the reason why the hero and heroine in the poem have to "hate" for a long time. Many people used to say that Song of Eternal Sorrow has a moral, and this poem is the moral. So, how does the poet express "long hatred"? After the death of Yang Guifei in Majipo, the poet described it very delicately, showing the inner contradictions and painful feelings of Tang Xuanzong who could not bear to give up love and wanted to save it. Because of this "blood and tears" death, there will be endless hatred. Later, the poet used a lot of pen and ink to repeatedly render Tang Xuanzong's yearning for Yang Guifei from all aspects, but the story of the poem did not stay at an emotional point, but with the gradual progress of the inner world of the characters, he perceived the constant changes of their scenery, pushed forward the time and story, and used the thoughts and feelings of the characters to develop and promote the development of the plot. After his death, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty went to Shu and felt very sad. Still on the road, revisiting the old place has evoked sad memories; After returning to the palace, I experienced physical injury during the day and insomnia at night. I miss it day and night, so I hope to have a dream, but it is "the distance between life and death year after year, but no beloved soul has visited his dream". At this point in the poem, the "hate" of "long hate" has been written very touching, and it seems that the ending of the story is OK. But the poet's pen is curved. With the help of the colorful wings of imagination, he conceived a charming fairyland, which pushed the plot of the tragic story to a climax and made the story more tortuous, ups and downs. This turning point is both unexpected and reasonable. Due to the constant contradiction and collision between subjective desire and objective reality, poetry vividly shows the psychology of the characters, and the story is more moving.
Song of Eternal Sorrow is a narrative poem with strong lyrical elements. The poet adopted the expression technique of China's traditional poetry, which is good at telling stories and portraying characters, and harmoniously combined narrative, scenery description and lyricism, forming the lyric characteristics of poetry. Poets sometimes inject the thoughts and feelings of the characters into the scenery, and use the refraction of the scenery to contrast the mood of the characters; Sometimes we grasp the distinctive scenery and things around the characters, express their inner feelings through their feelings, and render them layer by layer, appropriately expressing the unspeakable feelings hidden in the hearts of the characters. On his way to the southwest, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was surrounded by yellow dust, plank roads and high mountains. The sun is dim, the standard is dull, and autumn scenery is desolate. This is a sad autumn scenery to set off the sad thoughts of the characters. In Shu, facing the green mountains and green waters, we still can't forget ourselves. The mountains and water in Shu are beautiful, but in the lonely and sad eyes, the "green" of the mountains and the "green" of the water are also sad. The beauty of nature should be appreciated with a quiet mind, but he didn't, so he increased his inner pain. This is to write sad feelings through beautiful scenery, so that feelings are deeper. The moonlight in the palace and the bell on a rainy night are already very exciting. The poet grasped these unusual but distinctive things and brought people into the realm of sadness and heartbreak. In addition, when they see and smell, they are intertwined, which also shows the sadness and sadness of the characters in language and tone. This is another floor. Still on the road, "everything is spinning" was originally a happy thing, but the old place ended and Yu Yan disappeared, so I couldn't help crying. In the narrative, another layer of painful memories is added. After returning to Chang 'an, "ponds, gardens, palaces, everything is the same as before, Taiye Lake hibiscus, Weiyang Palace willow. But petals are like her face, and willow leaves are like her eyebrows. Whenever he looks at them, what can he do but cry? " . During the day, caused by the environment and scenery, people are associated with the scenery, and the scenery remains the same, but people are gone. I can't help bursting into tears. From the hibiscus flowers in Taiye Pool and the weeping willows in Weiyang Palace, I seem to see the appearance of Yang Guifei, showing the extremely complicated and subtle inner activities of the characters. "Fireflies were flying on the throne, while he was meditating in the twilight. He will extend the wick to its end and still never fall asleep ... bells and drums will slowly ring the long night, and before dawn, the Milky Way in the sky will become clear. " From dusk to dawn, the focus is on the scene where you can't sleep for a long time because of emotional troubles at night. This bitter yearning is like "peaches and plums bloom and the spring breeze blows" and "after the autumn rain, the fallen leaves return to their roots". It is sad to see that the "disciples of Liyuan" and "A Jian Qing E" in those days were all white-haired and their faces were withered, which reminded us of the happy thoughts of the past. From the rambling of Huang Chen to the lush of Shushan, from rainy night in the palace to triumphant return, from day to night, from spring to autumn, we are moved by things everywhere, always thinking of people, and repeatedly rendering the protagonist's hard pursuit and search from all aspects. If you can't find it in real life, you will find it in your dreams. If you can't find it in your dream, go to fairyland. This kind of ups and downs, layer by layer rendering, let the characters' feelings swirl up and reach a climax. It is through such layers of rendering that the poet repeatedly expresses his feelings and goes back and forth, which makes the characters' thoughts and feelings more profound and rich, and the poetry is "delicate in texture" and more artistic.
As an immortal narrative poem, Song of Eternal Sorrow has a high artistic achievement. Throughout the ages, many people have affirmed the special artistic charm of this poem. What infected and seduced readers with the art of Song of Eternal Sorrow? Touching, I am afraid, is its greatest artistic personality, and it is also the power that it can attract readers, make them infected and tempted for thousands of years.