Abstract: Family education should be guided by relevant theories and take the whole society as the background. Family education is a two-way, regular and comprehensive cooperative activity between family and kindergarten, parents and teachers, based on the principles of mutual respect, mutual cooperation, joint efforts and collaborative education, with the responsibility of cultivating young children to promote their healthy growth and all-round development. Parents should make clear the connotation and significance of family education, recognize their own advantages and limitations, let families cooperate better, and promote children's all-round development and healthy growth.

Paper Keywords: education socialization, family education, kindergarten education, family education, * * *

First, the background of family education

1. Theoretical background

(1) Ecological theory of human development

1979, urie bronfenbrenner, an American anthropologist and psychologist, put forward the famous theory of human development ecology in his book "The Ecology of Human Development", pointing out that the growth of individuals and the development of human beings will be restricted by the ecosystem, and also can not be separated from the support of various social environments directly or indirectly related to it. Its concentric circle model of human development ecology divides these social environments and ecosystems into five embedded subsystems: micro, meso, external, macro and times. These systems are interrelated and influence each other, and each factor in the system has important ecological significance, thus forming a complete ecosystem that affects human development. Therefore, in the initial stage of personal growth, children grow up through the direct or indirect interaction and influence of all people and their relationships, and develop through the contact and experience between individuals and the environmental system. The environmental system includes both direct factors in close distance and indirect factors in long distance, such as family, peer groups, kindergartens, schools, neighbors and communities. Family education is to integrate and expand children's learning and growth environment, and build a systematic and sustainable platform for children's healthy growth and all-round development by absorbing the participation of teaching media, community resources and cultural edification.

(2) Social exchange theory

The theory of social exchange is a sociological theory widely spread all over the world. Its main point is that social exchange between people stems from social attraction, and providing valuable information or rewards between people will maintain mutual attraction and continuous communication between people. The benefits that individuals get in social interaction depend on the benefits that individuals provide for others. In order to obtain benefits, there must be an exchange process, which is social and mobile. So society can be understood as a network where interests flow. From the theory of social exchange, we can see that family education is to exchange parents' parenting experience with preschool teachers' teaching experience, complement each other's advantages and share resources, and finally form an educational synergy to achieve the purpose of education.

2. Social background

Education going to society is one of the trends of education development today, and social participation in education is an important symbol of the development of education in the world. The gradual integration of education and society is an inevitable product under the concept of big education and an organic component of the educational ecosystem. It is not only the inherent need of educational development at all levels, but also the new requirement put forward by social development and the progress of the times. As a social phenomenon, education cannot be carried out by schools alone, but needs the active participation and strong cooperation of all sectors of society. In particular, parents' participation in school education can make education more targeted and sustainable. As Suhomlinski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, pointed out: "The task that life puts forward to education is so complicated that no matter how hard education works, it will not achieve satisfactory results without the whole society." Therefore, in the family-based social system, family education should naturally become the "right arm" of school education. Compared with other levels of education, preschool education pays more attention to the potential influence outside the kindergarten, especially the important position of family education in promoting the healthy growth and all-round development of children. This is not only because in the process of early childhood education, every detail in life can become the stage of early childhood education, and the educational value of words and deeds is no less than that of instillation in kindergarten education, but also because the groups faced by early childhood education are special, innocent, happy and lively, and full of infinite curiosity about external things and the unknown world. Therefore, the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) clearly points out: "Kindergartens should work closely with families and communities, make comprehensive use of various educational resources, and create favorable conditions for children's development. Family is an important partner of kindergarten. We should strive for parents' understanding, support and active participation in accordance with the principles of respect, equality and cooperation, and actively support and help parents improve their educational ability. "The socialization trend of education requires that family education be effectively integrated into the big system of early childhood education, so that the two sides of the family can be closely combined, form a cooperative partnership, reach a consensus, establish an educational network of family education, make full use of the resources of both sides, give full play to their respective advantages, and maximize the formation of educational synergy.

Second, the connotation of family education

Family education is the concrete embodiment of home-school cooperation in preschool education. Therefore, the interpretation of family education is based on a full understanding of the connotation of home-school cooperation. At present, although there is no unified and exact definition of the concept of home-school cooperation by domestic experts and scholars, logically, it is basically expounded from several aspects such as "subject-center-goal": Professor Ma Zhonghu of Beijing Normal University believes in the book "New Concept of Basic Education: Home-school Cooperation": "Home-school cooperation is essentially the combination of two social institutions that have the greatest influence on students. In educational activities, families and schools support each other and work together to make schools get more support from families in educating students, and parents get more guidance from schools in educating their children. " Professor Huang Heqing of East China Normal University put forward in his latest book "Introduction to Home-school Cooperation" that "Home-school cooperation is a two-way activity in which families and schools aim at promoting the all-round development of teenagers, parents participate in school education, and schools guide family education, and cooperate and support each other." Yue Ying, a researcher at Tianjin Academy of Educational Sciences, pointed out in the article "The Present Situation and Influencing Factors of School Cooperation in China": "Home-school cooperation is a two-way activity, which is the mutual cooperation between family education and school education and an important part of social participation in school education. The center of home-school cooperation activities should be students, who are the same service objects as families and schools. Promoting the all-round development of students is the ultimate goal of home-school cooperation activities. " Zhou Dan, an educational scholar, thinks in the article "Reflections on Some Theoretical and Practical Issues of Home-school Cooperation": "Home-school cooperation refers to the mutual cooperation between families and schools to jointly educate children, so that children can be influenced by education from two aspects: consistency, uniqueness and complementarity, and form various necessary qualities that will benefit them for life and better socialization. Home-school cooperation is not only an idea about the relationship between family education and school education, but also a behavior model to deal with the relationship between them. "

According to the above viewpoint, combined with the realistic background and specific characteristics of early childhood education, we believe that family education is a two-way, regular and comprehensive partnership activity between parents and teachers based on the principles of mutual respect, mutual cooperation, joint efforts and collaborative education to promote the healthy growth and all-round development of early childhood.

1. The subject of family education-"home" and "garden". As we all know, "home" in family education refers to "children's family" and "garden" refers to "kindergarten", both of which are indispensable, equally important and interdependent subjects in the whole family education process. On the one hand, kindergartens should regard parents as active collaborators in promoting children's learning process, ensure that parents understand all aspects of children's life in kindergartens, invite parents to participate in kindergarten education activities, and provide guidance for parents' educational methods and cooperation with kindergartens; On the other hand, parents should put forward their own views on educating their children to kindergartens, seriously consider the suggestions and opinions put forward by kindergartens, and give feedback on everything kindergartens provide for their children.

2. The essence of family education-"* * *". "* * *" in family education embodies the essential characteristics of cooperation between family and kindergarten to promote children's healthy growth and all-round development. It not only combines the advantages of family education and kindergarten education, but also minimizes the disadvantages of their isolation.

3. The goal of family education-"children". Family education needs to consider the needs of both kindergartens and families, but the center of family education is children, and children are the same objects of kindergarten and family services. Promoting children's all-round development and healthy growth is the ultimate goal of family education.

4. The core of family education-"education". The "education" of family education contains two meanings, one is conservation and the other is education. The physiological and psychological characteristics of young children determine that we should not only educate them, but adopt the form of "combining protection with education". Therefore, the word "teaching" is not only the core value of family education, but also the only criterion to evaluate the effect of family education.