Key words:
Keywords: Langfang; Urban agriculture; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration
Langfang, located in the North China Plain in the hinterland of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, has always been a relatively developed agricultural area in China and is representative in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. With the accelerated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration and the rapid formation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, the rural economy in Langfang and the surrounding areas of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is developing rapidly towards urban agriculture. This emerging agricultural economic format not only promotes farmers' income and local development, but also gradually exposes many problems. Therefore, this research group starts with the analysis of the present situation and problems of urban agriculture development in Langfang, trying to play a leading role in exploring the development space, development model and development direction of urban and rural industries in the process of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration.
1 Development Status and Problems of Urban Agriculture in Langfang
Urban agriculture is an agricultural phenomenon closely related to urban economy, culture and science and technology. It is a metropolitan agriculture, an advanced stage of suburban agriculture, a new industry with strategic significance, a development trend of modern agriculture and a feature of future agriculture. Vigorously developing urban agriculture is of great significance to Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, which is accelerating urbanization, in increasing land output, beautifying ecological environment, improving farmers' quality of life and accelerating the process of urban-rural integration.
In recent years, the development trend of urban agriculture in Langfang has gradually emerged. Through a lot of data sorting and discussion, our research group made the following summary analysis of urban agriculture in Langfang:
Development of 1. 1
1. 1. 1 Agricultural infrastructure has been continuously improved, and urban agriculture has a good foundation for development. In recent years, Langfang has continuously increased its investment in agricultural industrialization, and the industrialization project construction has achieved a historic breakthrough in scale, investment and progress. 1) strengthened the project construction. 20 1 1 At the beginning of the year, Langfang identified 100 key agricultural industrialization projects, with a total investment of 5.3 1 billion yuan, 2.7 times that of last year, of which 13 projects with an investment of more than1billion yuan reached a record high. 2) "Park-oriented" facility agriculture. By vigorously carrying out the work of "promoting investment in demonstration parks", we will improve the infrastructure and public services of agricultural industrialization demonstration zones, attract more social capital to invest in agriculture, and build an efficient platform for the introduction and construction of large projects. 3) According to the market demand of Beijing and Tianjin, it has opened up a variety of business forms. At present, the city has formed emerging industries such as agricultural picking, tourism, leisure and holiday, business office and farmhouse music. For example, Yongqing County has given full play to the advantages of agricultural resources, opened up characteristic rural tourism and related supporting facilities with folk customs, eco-sightseeing, green picking and farmers' reception, and has developed more than 80 folk-custom farmhouses, among which Yangjiaying Village has won the title of "provincial tourism demonstration village", which has effectively promoted the development of rural service industry. 4) The leading agricultural enterprises are growing. In recent years, Langfang has vigorously organized and implemented the "Bailong Tengfei" project and actively promoted the construction of leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization. At present, the city has 37 famous brands of agricultural products at or above the provincial level, including 14 famous trademarks in Hebei province and 1 1 famous trademarks in Hebei province. Huifu, Meihua, Fucheng and Yanbei are well-known trademarks in China, and Huari was awarded the title of China well-known trademark. 5) Most agricultural production bases have achieved scale operation. 6) Agricultural cooperative organizations have developed rapidly. Various forms and types of professional cooperative economic organizations have emerged in rural Langfang, covering a wide range of agriculture and related industries, including production, processing, transportation, technical services and other links.
1. 1.2 Urban agriculture has become the new direction of agricultural development in Langfang. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Fourth Central Committee, Langfang has established the development strategy of suburban urban agriculture, making urban agriculture the main direction of agricultural development in Langfang. At the Fifth Plenary Session of the Fourth Session, Langfang further proposed that during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, we should take Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide, "suburban" and "eco-intensive" agriculture as the direction, "leisure, high-end and intensive" as the orientation, develop new modern agricultural formats as the main line, and increase farmers' income as the goal to build "three demonstration bases", that is, build high-quality agricultural and sideline products supply. Strengthen the "Top Ten Industrial Parks", namely, build Sanhe High-end Food Industrial Park, Dachang Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park, Xianghe International Agricultural Products Trading Logistics Industrial Park, Yangguang Jinfeng International Agricultural Exhibition and Sightseeing Expo Park, Anci Ou Hua Circular Agriculture Industrial Park, Yongqing Modern Agriculture Industrial Park, Gu 'an High-quality Vegetable Science and Technology Sightseeing Industrial Park, Bazhou Hot Spring Leisure Agriculture Industrial Park, Wen 'an Multi-grain Nutritional Food Industrial Park and Dacheng Leisure Food Industrial Park; Build "six major sectors", namely, build six major sectors: high-end food production, high-quality agricultural products trading, high-end business leisure, green organic agricultural products supply, hot spring agricultural leisure vacation, and characteristic leisure food production; Implement the "four key projects", that is, implement the park-driven project, enterprise upgrading project, base optimization project and brand building project; Strive to achieve the goal of "three substantial improvements", that is, the total amount and quality of agricultural products will be greatly improved, the economic benefits of agricultural land will be greatly improved, and the per capita income of agricultural employees will be greatly improved.
Problems in 1.2 Although the development direction of Langfang urban agriculture is clear, compared with advanced regions, there is a big gap in development scale, development model and development intensity, which cannot meet the requirements of rapid development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration and the growing consumption demand of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area.
1.2. 1 A few agricultural boutique brands cannot highlight brand benefits. In recent years, high-quality grain, vegetables, flowers, livestock products and other agricultural products with Langfang characteristics have basically formed large-scale production, and the deep processing industry of agricultural products is also developing rapidly. Some agricultural and sideline products have occupied a place in the Beijing-Tianjin consumer market, but there is still a great lack of boutique brands and characteristic brands in the promotion and implementation of brand strategy, such as donkey meat steamed bread in big cities. Roast chicken and shredded tofu in Sanhe; Wen 'an's small grains, etc. Rough packaging, unsightly appearance, simple processing, short shelf life, difficult to attract, not only unable to implement brand strategy, but also difficult to have higher benefits.
1.2.2 The agricultural management and cultivation methods are extensive, the degree of mechanization is low, and agricultural technology is not in place. 1) Traditional road agricultural products are still the main varieties, and the proportion of agricultural products with high technology content and high added value is not high. 2) In terms of farming methods, there are still quite a few agricultural management organizations that can't get rid of the shackles of traditional agriculture. The mode of production is relatively backward, the agricultural management and cultivation methods are extensive, the proportion of protective agriculture is small, and the proportion of high-quality green ecological agricultural products is small. 3) In the way of cooperation, there are some problems in the development of agricultural cooperative organizations, such as small scale, loose organization and weak binding force on farmers.
1.2.3 The total agricultural labor force has decreased, and the new generation agricultural labor force is extremely scarce, and the quality of labor force is relatively low. With the large-scale transfer of agricultural labor force to non-agricultural industries, the total agricultural labor force in Langfang has been decreasing year by year, and people with knowledge and skills, especially young people, have gone out to work or pursue further studies, resulting in a serious brain drain. Therefore, the supplement of the new generation agricultural labor force in Langfang is quite limited, and the aging phenomenon of the labor force is becoming more and more serious, which leads to the gradual decline of the quality of the labor force. There are very few farmers in the existing agricultural labor force who are really "educated, able to operate and know technology", which greatly hinders the sustainable development of Langfang urban agriculture.
1.2.4 the system of agricultural technology popularization and socialized service is not perfect, and agricultural technology training is not widely carried out. Langfang agriculture lacks professional technicians in technology extension and social services, especially the proportion of technicians serving the front line of production is low, and most of them are over 45 years old. The emergence of the fault phenomenon of front-line technicians has caused the narrow scope of agricultural technology training, which can not arouse the enthusiasm of farmers for training, delayed the time for farmers to master various advanced agricultural technologies, and hindered the orderly development of urban agriculture.
2 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development of urban agriculture countermeasures and suggestions
All urban and rural areas in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area have similar characteristics to Langfang, and they are also members of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration. They will explore and develop in the direction of urban agriculture in the choice of agricultural industry development. Therefore, based on the development status and existing problems of Langfang, our research group put forward basic suggestions and countermeasures for the development of urban agriculture in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.
2. 1 Strengthen communication and cooperation among regional governments to create a good government environment for the development of urban agriculture. Local governments should attach great importance to the development trend of urban agriculture, and urban and rural areas around Beijing and Tianjin should take advantage of Beijing and Tianjin's advantages in capital, science and technology, talents and market, actively strengthen communication and cooperation with Beijing and Tianjin, and eliminate institutional and institutional obstacles to the development of urban agriculture. According to the idea of "dislocation" docking and integration, the medium and long-term strategy and planning ideas, regional development policies and major project layout of urban agriculture in the circle are communicated. It is the primary condition for the healthy development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agriculture and the foundation for the win-win development of metropolitan areas to pay attention to strengthening the consultation and dialogue between Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions from the decision-making level and formulate the same administrative standards.
2.2 Strengthen the connection with Beijing-Tianjin urban agricultural development model, and seek space for regional cooperation. The development of urban agriculture in Beijing is relatively advanced in the north, and the framework of its five development circles has basically taken shape, namely, the urban agriculture development circle with landscape agriculture and exhibition agriculture as the mainstay, the suburban agriculture development circle with precision agriculture and leisure agriculture as the mainstay, the suburban plain agriculture development circle with large-scale product agriculture and processing agriculture as the mainstay, the mountain ecological conservation development circle with characteristic agriculture and ecological agriculture as the mainstay, and the cooperative agriculture development circle with horizontal connection with other towns. This model provides an opportunity for the surrounding urban-rural cooperation and the development trend of Greater Beijing, and provides a development platform for the construction of modern agricultural system and the rational adjustment of industrial structure in the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. We shouldn't miss this opportunity.
2.3 Strengthen the publicity and training of farmers, improve their understanding and mastery of urban agriculture and modern agricultural technology, and widely publicize the significance and importance of developing urban agriculture through various media means, so that modern farmers can understand the development trend and market demand of emerging agriculture and enhance their understanding of eco-friendly farming. At the same time, relevant departments at all levels should take excellent agricultural cooperative economic organizations as demonstration bases and establish a new generation of vocational training system that is "literate, operational and technical". In addition, local governments should formulate some policies on how to standardize and rationally use foreign agricultural labor, so that all farmers can be integrated into the development of urban agriculture.
2.4 It is very important to strengthen the investment in agricultural science and technology and infrastructure, and provide urban agriculture with software and hardware to support the smooth development of urban agriculture. In the development of "docking" with Beijing and Tianjin, Langfang, Baoding, Tangshan and other places have taken the lead in high-standard planning and capital investment in infrastructure construction, but the investment and financing channels for science and technology still need to be improved.
2.5 Construction of suburban leisure urban agriculture and expansion of leisure urban and rural development space. In view of the growing trend of leisure experience of Beijing and Tianjin tourists in rural areas, priority should be given to guiding and cultivating the leisure ecological industrial chain integrating picking, planting, fishing, farmhouse music and shopping, especially the experiential leisure industry with characteristic planting as the main content. At present, most urban and rural areas around Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei have not been developed, but this industry is a new direction to develop urban agriculture, with great development potential, and should be "misplaced" in advance. The development of rural tourism should make a fuss about its own brand, quality, characteristics and novelty, and try to have a unique style in terms of grade, function and creativity.
2.6 Pay attention to maintaining the balance of social, economic and ecological benefits, and realize the orderly and harmonious development of urban agriculture and urban and rural areas.
It is necessary to guide and encourage the popularization and use of eco-friendly agricultural production methods. We can arrange certain financial funds, establish an ecological compensation mechanism, and balance and coordinate the relationship between economic benefits and ecological benefits; It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and training of farmers and establish the concept of sustainable agricultural development; It is necessary to create an agricultural production environment and a rural living environment with the concept of leisure, modernity and green environmental protection, combine ecological environmental protection with economic development and the healthy life of urban and rural residents, improve the quality of life of farmers, and realize the coordinated development of economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits and the harmony and happiness of new rural construction.
In a word, the essential feature of urban agriculture is "surrounding the city, relying on the city and serving the city", which has many functions such as production base, ecological barrier, tourism and leisure, radiation guidance, demonstration education and so on. Therefore, the development of urban agriculture in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area will certainly promote the process of urban-rural integration, accelerate the healthy and orderly development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration, and increase farmers' income.
reference data
[1] Report of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Fourth Langfang Municipal Committee. 20 1 1 ( 1): 12- 15.
[2], Dai, On the sustainable development of urban agriculture in China. Journal of Tianjin Normal University, Natural Science Edition, 200 1 (2): 27-32.
[3] Li Zhongxin. Planning modern agriculture with modern ideas. Jinan Daily 20 10 (1): 27-28.
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