Sick dog
Anemia refers to the state that the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in circulating blood is lower than the normal level. Anemia is not a single disease, but more a symptom of one or more diseases. There are many reasons for anemia, which can be summarized into two types: insufficient erythropoiesis or excessive loss.
Sick dog
Pale oral mucosa, a typical symptom of anemia.
Nutritional anemia of puppies should be the most common in clinic, which is mostly caused by inexperienced owners of newly raised pets due to improper feeding. The solution is simple. Puppies need small meals and high-protein food. In layman's terms, it is to let it "eat well."
experimental data
(The red blood cells, HGB and HCT in the blood test sheet are lower than normal, which is a typical anemia test result.)
Decreased erythropoiesis, also known as aplastic anemia. There are many reasons for this anemia, such as the decline of hematopoietic function of bone marrow or the disorder of hemoglobin production caused by iron utilization (strictly speaking, this belongs to the category of nutritional anemia). The routine red blood cells in aplastic anemia were decreased, and reticulocytes were not found in blood smear.
erythrocyte
(There is no difference in the central area of red blood cells in blood smear, which is mostly an indication of iron deficiency or hemorrhagic anemia)
Excessive red blood cell loss can be divided into two situations: blood loss and hemolysis.
Blood loss is divided into acute blood loss and chronic blood loss. The basis of judgment can first be based on the state of animals. Acute blood loss is more common in trauma, surgery or some coagulation disorders. But strangely, the blood test indicators at this time may show normal. Because the first reaction of acute blood loss is spleen contraction, peripheral blood enters the circulation pool. This makes many indicators, such as HCT rise, and then due to the increase of circulating blood concentration, water in the body enters the blood vessels to dilute red blood cells, which makes HCT fall back to the normal range. In the next 72 hours, the body will have a compensatory reaction. In this case, red blood cells of different sizes can be seen on the blood smear, and many low-pigmented red blood cells (also called small red blood cells) can be seen due to the loss of Fe due to blood loss.
Sick dog
(Blood loss is small, and anemia is serious in the course of small dogs)
Hemolytic anemia can be divided into hemolytic anemia caused by red blood cells themselves and hemolytic anemia caused by red blood cells' environment. The former is mostly inherited, while the latter is mostly acquired. The common causes are drug-induced hemolysis (aspirin), biological hemolysis (babesiosis), poisoning (lead poisoning) and red blood cell oxidation (eating onions) caused by some reasons. At this time, blood smear is of great diagnostic significance. Such as Babesia, Heine's corpuscle and spherocytosis.
erythrocyte
(A large number of spherical red blood cells can be seen in blood smear, which are mostly indicators of hemolytic anemia)
Anemia is not a disease, but a clinical manifestation. Because anemia can be secondary to many other diseases, the most common problem is cardiopulmonary compensation. Because of anemia, the blood's ability to deliver oxygen decreases. When it cannot meet the needs of the body, compensatory breathing will deepen, which may lead to shortness of breath or even wheezing, and this phenomenon of eager to inhale more oxygen may lead to respiratory acidosis. Similarly, due to anemia, many tissues and organs of the body can not meet the demand for oxygen, and there will be dysfunction, the most obvious of which is the dysfunction of the brain, which may cause dizziness and even convulsions.
Therefore, although anemia is not an accurate name, it can predict many problems and bring many negative effects to the body, so it still needs the attention of car owners and doctors.