Compared with western developed countries, the development of computer application technology in China is relatively late. So, what is the development course and trend of computer application?
1. Overview of computer applications
1. 1, the concept of computer application
Computer application belongs to a marginal discipline. It is an important part of computer science to study the theory, method, technology and system of computer application in various fields and effectively integrate computer science with other disciplines. If computer applications are classified, they can be divided into numerical calculation field and non-numerical application field. These two fields have their own characteristics, but they both play a very important role in scientific and technological progress.
1.2, computer application development
From the mid-1940s to the end of 1950s, this was the primary stage of computers. At present, the application of computer is mainly numerical application, which is mainly used for the development and production of cutting-edge national defense weapons.
From the end of 1950s to the end of 1960s, it began to develop into non-numerical applications, mainly used for data processing, industrial and commercial affairs processing and enterprise information management.
In the 1970s, computer applications expanded to more social and economic fields. With the development of computer application technology, computer application technology is not only applied to industry, agriculture, culture, education and service industry, but also goes deep into family life and entertainment. In recent years, the integration of computer application technology and network technology has made computer application develop to a greater extent and promoted the rapid development of the information society.
2. The current situation of computer application development
2. 1, the application field of computers in society
2. 1. 1, scientific calculation (or numerical calculation)
Scientific computing is still an important field of computer application. Because computers have high computing speed, accuracy and logical judgment ability, new disciplines such as computational mechanics, computational physics, computational chemistry and biological cybernetics have emerged.
2. 1.2, process detection and control
Computer detection system is called computer detection system, which uses computer to automatically detect some signals in industrial production process, stores the detected data in the computer, and then processes the data as needed. Especially, the intelligent instrument formed by the introduction of computer technology has pushed industrial automation to a new height.
2. 1.3, information management (data processing)
Information management is the most widely used field of computer at present. Use computers to process, manage and manipulate any form of data. In recent years, many domestic institutions have established their own management information systems (MIS), manufacturers have also begun to adopt manufacturing resource planning software (MRP), and electronic information exchange system (ED) has gradually been used in the commercial circulation field, which is called paperless trade.
2. 1.4, computer-aided system
Computer aided design, manufacturing and testing (CAD/CAM/CAD). Computer aided engineering design, product manufacturing and performance testing.
2. 1.5, artificial intelligence
Develop some application systems with some human intelligence, and use computers to simulate human intelligent activities such as thinking, judgment and reasoning, so that computers have the functions of self-learning adaptation and logical reasoning.
2.2, the role of computer applications in society.
2.2. 1, promoting social development informationization
Compared with western developed countries, China's computer application technology developed relatively late, so it has not made great achievements in social development. However, due to the widespread application of computer technology in society, it still has a certain impact on the national economic construction of China. With the application of computer technology, data and information can be stored in computer systems, thus realizing the state of information resources and providing basic conditions for the development of enterprise informatization in society. At present, computer technology has covered all fields of people's production and life in China, and its popularity has had a wide impact on society.
2.2.2, increased social interaction.
In the era when information networking has not been realized in China, people's communication depends on letters, and the process of information transmission will be limited by time and space, which will easily lead to the failure and loss of information in the process of spatial transmission. These factors have brought inconvenience to people's lives. After information exchange, people's information transmission has been greatly improved. It only takes a few minutes or even seconds for people to transmit their information through the Internet, which increases the communication between people. The development of computer application technology can not only increase the communication between people, but also greatly promote people's work, study and life. In enterprise work, we can make use of the convenience of the network to hold network meetings, so as to avoid wasting time on the road and save a lot of resources. In learning, you can realize distance teaching through computers, and you can get more knowledge that is beneficial to you through the network, and you will not be limited by time and space. The development of computer application has created conditions for social communication and integration, and promoted the process of social informatization.
2.3, the problems existing in the development of computer applications
2.3. 1, judging from the current situation, the application level of computers in China is relatively low, and the application level of informatization is relatively limited in most enterprises. Moreover, the number of online enterprises and online families in China is relatively small, and the popularization of information application technology in enterprises and families is not wide enough, which is still far from developed countries.
2.3.2. The development of computer applications in different regions of China is uneven, and the degree of informatization popularization in different regions is very different. Among them, in the coastal areas and Taiwan Province Province, the application of computers is relatively developed, while in the mainland, especially in the western region, the application of computers is still relatively backward, and the degree of popularization is relatively low.
2.3.3. At this stage, China's R&D investment in the information industry is not enough, and it can't meet the needs of the development of the information industry for computer applications, software and hardware. Our country's large-scale projects and application systems in important fields all use foreign systems and software and hardware, because the level of informatization abroad is relatively high, the investment in the information industry is relatively large, and the products developed are relatively advanced. However, the transformation speed of scientific research achievements in China is very slow, which can't keep up with the update of information, and the relevant standards and policies on computer application are not perfect enough, which need to be further strengthened.
3. The development trend of computer application
3. 1, giant
Giant refers to a computer with higher computing speed, larger storage capacity and stronger functions. The supercomputer being developed at present can operate at a speed of billions of times per second.
3.2, miniaturization
Microcomputer has entered small instruments and equipment such as instruments and household appliances, and at the same time, as the heart of industrial control process, it makes instruments and equipment "intelligent". With the further development of microelectronics technology, microcomputers such as notebook computers and palmtop computers will be welcomed by people with better cost performance.
3.3. Network
Computer network is the product of the combination of modern communication technology and computer technology. Computer network plays an increasingly important role in the management of modern enterprises such as banking system, commercial system and transportation system.
3.4, intelligent
The research of computer artificial intelligence is based on modern science. Intelligentization is an important direction of computer development. The new generation of computers will be able to simulate the mechanism of people's sensory behavior and thinking process, and have the ability of logical reasoning, learning and proving when they are doing "seeing", "listening", "thinking" and "doing".
4. Conclusion
To sum up, computer application system occupies a large proportion in people's production and life, which greatly promotes the development of enterprises and people's life and study, accelerates the process of social informatization, and its application in modern society will be further popularized. With the development of science and technology, computer application system will get more development space, which will play a greater role in promoting China's economic construction, and the future development trend will have a broader space.
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