People often think that congenital diseases are genetic diseases. In fact, these are two completely different concepts. Congenital diseases are acquired in the fetal period, that is, the fetus is influenced by external or internal adverse factors during its growth and development in the uterus.

A disease that causes abnormal fetal development and manifests itself at birth. Such as deformity caused by rubella virus infection and congenital dislocation of hip joint.

Hereditary disease refers to the abnormal development of sperm or eggs of parents, which leads to abnormal fetal organs or functions. The disease can manifest itself after birth or when it reaches a certain age after birth. For example, mental illness can be inherited, and most of them begin in adolescence.

One of the parents is a balanced translocation chromosome carrier, and their child 1/4 will have a miscarriage. 1/4 may be a congenital idiot of translocation, 1/4 may be a balanced translocation chromosome carrier, and only 1/4 may have a normal child.

If one of the husband and wife is found to be a balanced translocation chromosome carrier through chromosome examination, prenatal diagnosis should be considered to prevent the baby from being born.

Extended data:

Most children with congenital malformations are generally incurable once they are born, so it is very important to prevent them from being born. Preventive measures mainly include premarital physical examination and prenatal diagnosis.

We are no strangers to premarital examination. Premarital examination is a comprehensive and systematic health examination, which mainly includes comprehensive physical examination, genetic health inquiry and common sense explanation of married sex life. Among them, genetic counseling and genetic examination are important contents.

Baidu encyclopedia-genetic diseases

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