Although inorganic cultural relics do not need high temperature and high humidity environment, inappropriate temperature and humidity will still have a certain impact on cultural relics, which is a more troublesome problem for bronzes. Excessive temperature and humidity will accelerate the occurrence and development of bronze disease. Someone once put the bronze fragments with bronze disease from green powdery rust into different temperature and humidity environments for experiments. It is found that under the condition of high humidity, obvious new green powdery rust appears on the surface of bronze fragments with bronze disease, but it does not appear under the condition of low humidity. It can be seen that the humid environment has an influence on bronzes. In addition, high humidity will tarnish silverware and rust ironware.

In humid environment, stone cultural relics will also absorb moisture in the air, causing molten salt movement. If there is acidic gas in humid environment, it will obviously dissolve stone cultural relics such as marble and white marble.

For nonmetallic and inorganic cultural relics such as glass and jade, we also found mildew. Traditionally, this kind of cultural relic should not happen, but in the process of playing or carrying, the ancients or modern people stuck dirty things such as grease and sweat on their hands to the cultural relic, and when they met the appropriate temperature and humidity, mold would also rise, affecting the appearance.

It can be seen that cultural relics with inorganic texture also need suitable temperature and humidity environment to be preserved.

Second, the influence of temperature and humidity on organic cultural relics

For organic cultural relics, environmental temperature and humidity are the primary factors affecting them. Improper temperature and humidity will not only directly affect the durability of cultural relics, but also accelerate the destruction of cultural relics by some unfavorable factors. Such as oxidative degradation of light, acid hydrolysis of fiber, etc.

Cultural relics with organic texture generally include plant fibers (such as bamboo, wood, cotton and linen products, paper, etc. ) and animal fibers (such as silk, wool, leather, feathers, teeth, horns, bones, etc. ). They are all composed of cells, and the cell structure is specially designed for wet expansion and dry contraction. If the temperature and humidity change too much, it will often cause mechanical damage to cultural relics, which is not obvious in appearance and is a serious threat to cultural relics in the collection.

Low environmental temperature and humidity will slow down the destruction of cultural relics by some neglected factors. But the lower the temperature, the better. Cultural relics of plant fibers, such as paper, have a certain amount of moisture. Only at a certain temperature, the water in them will be in equilibrium and have corresponding plasticity and softness.

In addition, cultural relics with organic texture are good food for cultural relics pests and molds. If the ambient temperature and humidity are high and meet the growth requirements of pests or molds, cultural relics will be vulnerable to pests and molds, and in serious cases, precious cultural relics will lose their due value.