The Internet of Things is an important part of the new generation of information technology. The English name of The Internet of things is "The Internet of Things". As its name implies, the Internet of Things is "the Internet connected with things".

1, Introduction

The development of information technology with the Internet of Things as the core is called the third information technology revolution. Since 20 10, the Chinese government has attached great importance to the development of the internet of things, and a series of industrial policies and plans for the development of the internet of things have been promulgated one after another, making the internet of things a national strategy.

We believe that the development of the Internet of Things is not a sudden cut-in, but a process from automatic information extraction, information integration, local networking of goods, intelligent service and control of local systems to network integration. The concept of Internet of Things was first put forward based on RFID/EPC technology, and then it was continuously improved and perfected with the breakthrough of various sensing technologies and network technologies.

1999 When the Internet of Things technology based on RFID/EPC was first put forward in the world, the logistics industry was highly anticipated, and the warehousing industry took the lead in exploring the application of the Internet of Things technology because of its core position in the logistics industry. China warehousing industry began to explore the application of Internet of Things technology based on RFID/EPC at the end of 2003, and experienced a wave of Internet of Things application hype in 2004 -2006. At present, there are many successful cases of RFID and other Internet of Things technologies in the warehousing industry, but most of them are limited to intelligent warehousing management and automation.

2. The main Internet of Things technologies currently used in the warehousing industry.

The Internet of Things is "the Internet connected with things". It is an intelligent network system that realizes the interconnection, information exchange and on-demand communication of objects according to the agreed protocol through various sensing devices, RFID technology, video recognition technology, infrared sensor, global positioning system, laser scanner and other information sensing equipment, so as to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management.

The Internet of Things has three main architectures: perception layer, network layer and application layer. According to this architecture, the Internet of Things has three technical systems: one is the perception technology system; The second is the technical system of communication and network; The third is the intelligent technology system.

At present, the most commonly used IOT sensing technologies in warehousing industry mainly include RFID technology, GPS technology, sensor technology, video recognition and monitoring technology, laser technology, infrared technology, Bluetooth technology and so on. In the Internet of Things network technology with warehousing as the core, the network technology of directly connecting the internal LAN of the enterprise is often adopted, and the interface with the Internet and wireless network expansion is left; Wireless LAN technology is often used in places where wiring is inconvenient;

Modern warehousing system not only has complex items, different shapes and different performances, but also has complex workflow: both storage and movement; Existing sorting; There are also combinations. Therefore, intelligent logistics centers with warehousing as the core often adopt intelligent technologies such as automatic control technology, intelligent robot palletizing and stamping technology, intelligent information management system technology, mobile computing technology and data mining technology.

3. Application analysis of Internet of Things technology in warehousing industry.

Application of perception technology;

According to the investigation of Huaxia Internet of Things Research Center, the most common Internet of Things sensing technology in China warehousing industry is RFID technology. In some advanced storage and distribution centers, RFID tags and smart handheld RF terminal products are widely used. This is because the combination of RFID technology and pallet system can effectively reduce costs through closed-loop application in warehousing and distribution centers; In addition, the picking terminal based on RFID technology can only be held by hand, which can improve the picking efficiency and speed. 20 10 with the development of internet of things technology, the application of RFID technology in the warehousing industry has also developed rapidly, and the expected growth rate is above 18%.

In the ordinary storage system, in addition to the technology based on bar code automatic identification, the "electronic tag auxiliary sorting system" is also widely used. The so-called electronic tag here does not refer to RFID tag, but refers to the system that uses electronic indicating tag to pick goods. Using this system, the import and export orders are decomposed by the computer system, transmitted to the storage space of the shelves, and the picked quantity is displayed electronically. The system is simple, practical and widely used. In recent two years, wireless network technology has been used to transmit sorting data, which greatly facilitates the application of technology without on-site wiring to build a system.

In the advanced warehousing and distribution system, the automatic conveying and sorting system also uses laser, infrared and other technologies to sense, locate and count items, so as to carry out automatic and rapid sorting. In addition, in order to make the warehouse operation visible, video monitoring is implemented in the warehouse, and some warehouse systems adopt video sensing monitoring system, which has achieved good results.

20 10 The system based on auxiliary speech classification began to be applied in China. In this system, the warehouse information system decomposes the incoming and outgoing documents into voice prompt information, and sends picking instructions to the picker with the help of wireless network and headphones worn on the picker's head to complete the picking operation.

In addition, with the development of Internet of Things technology, 20 10 Wuxi Grain Logistics Center and Jining Internet of Things Garlic Refrigeration Base have adopted sensor sensing technologies such as temperature and humidity, which are integrated with other sensing technologies to sense physical information such as temperature and humidity of articles in real time, making the sensing technology more deeply applied.

Application of Network and Transmission Technology in Intelligent Warehouse

The biggest trend of modern logistics is networking and intelligence. In manufacturing enterprises, modern warehousing and distribution centers are usually integrated with enterprise production systems. As a part of production system, warehousing system plays a very important role in enterprise production management. The network architecture of enterprise internal system is often an independent network system based on enterprise internal LAN.

Logistics companies face a wide range of logistics networks, and the information management of local warehousing networks is often combined with Internet systems and enterprise LANs. Logistics centers, shops and distribution points

Information transmission also often depends on Internet technology. Since 20 10, the technology based on wireless local area network has also been widely used in the warehousing industry Internet of Things system.

Intelligent storage operation and control technology

According to the statistical analysis of relevant data, the intelligent terminal technologies in the warehousing industry at present include robot technology, RF handheld terminal, voice prompt terminal, video monitoring terminal, unmanned van and so on. With the help of these technologies, the automatic handling of articles, automatic stacking and stamping by robots, automatic identification of articles, intelligent assisted manual selection and other operations have been realized. In the intelligent warehouse management and control system, the combination of Internet of Things technology and WMS technology realizes the intelligence and automation of the warehouse. Only a few people can realize the intelligent control and management of logistics process, and the Internet of Things and logistics informatization only stay in general applications such as automatic identification, automatic perception, automatic positioning, process traceability, online tracking and online scheduling. There is still a big gap in the application of intelligent management technologies such as expert system, data mining, network integration and information sharing optimization, intelligent scheduling, and automatic line dispatching management.

At present, only in the enterprise logistics system, some logistics systems can be seamlessly integrated with the enterprise production management system and run intelligently; In some fully intelligent and automated logistics information systems, fully automated and intelligent logistics operations can be realized.