Judging from the work content of project supervision, the control of project cost accounts for its main part. With the continuous development of market economy, the builder hopes to have a professional third party, namely project supervisor, to supervise and control the project when cooperating with the builder, so as to improve economic benefits and maximize benefits. On the other hand, project supervision is actually the key to control the project cost, and the economic benefit of the project depends largely on the work of project supervision. Below, according to the construction procedure of the project, the author analyzes the supervision and control role played by project supervision in construction activities.

A, the design stage of engineering supervision control means

Everyone in the construction industry knows that in the design stage of the project, the money invested by the construction unit only accounts for 90% of the total investment of the project, but this stage will play a decisive role in the project cost control of the whole project. It is the first step of project cost control that the project supervisor strictly supervises and controls the project in the design stage. Some people think that the project cost control should not be implemented in the design stage, but in the construction stage. Undeniably, the project cost control accounts for the main part of the whole project cost control in the construction stage, but we should pay attention to the fact that the cost budget of a project is determined after the design is determined. Although in the actual construction process, the construction personnel can make minor modifications to the design according to the actual situation, but generally it will not go beyond the original scope.

Then, how should we control the project cost in the design stage of the project?

(A) the project supervision should review whether the design to maximize benefits. The rationality and scientificity of engineering design affect the rationality and scientificity of engineering construction. In addition, the engineering design should comply with the relevant regulations, and the design is not allowed to violate the regulations. As the author mentioned earlier, the cost of a project can be determined after the design is determined. Therefore, in the design stage, we should look at the problem from a long-term perspective and let the design proceed from economic interests and control the cost. A relatively scientific and reasonable design that conforms to the relevant regulations is very beneficial to the construction unit and the country.

(2) In view of the scientific rationality and safety of the design, the project supervisor should start with the operability of the scheme itself, the technical process and the safety in the construction process, and examine whether the design is mature in the technical level and whether it ensures the safety of the construction. This step is very important. If the project supervisor does not do this well, there may be something that changes the design in the future construction work. If the design scheme is changed, it will not only waste resources, but also affect the project cost. In addition, in order to reduce the cost of a project, it is necessary to reduce the input of manpower and material resources as much as possible on the premise of ensuring construction safety. Therefore, in the design stage, the project manager must review the design scheme to ensure that it is reasonable and feasible.

Second, the bidding stage project supervision control means

The project bidding itself is to control the project cost, because the construction party should give a suitable quotation to the construction party for consideration, and the construction party should comprehensively consider the quotation put forward by the construction party and decide whether to contract the project. If the contractor decides to contract, it will compete with other construction units that want to contract the project. Of course, the chances of winning the bid will be high only if the price given by the construction party is lower and the construction quality is better. It can be seen that the bidding process is actually a cost control process.

At this stage, the project supervisor will control the project cost from two aspects: contract and material consumption.

(1) contract

The construction unit and the construction unit shall sign a reasonable and fair contract to ensure the quality and duration of the project. Ensure that the legitimate rights and interests of both parties to the contract are not infringed. In this link, the project supervisor should examine the actual situation of the construction unit, such as construction level, reputation and management level, which will affect the project construction. Help the owner to choose a construction unit with high technical level and good comprehensive quality, sign a reasonable contract, avoid unnecessary disputes in the construction process, and safeguard the interests of both parties.

(2) Material consumption

The main expenditure of construction projects is the cost of materials. Therefore, reasonable control of material consumption will effectively control the cost of the whole project. Therefore, in this respect, the project supervisor should play his supervisory role, avoid piecemeal procurement when purchasing materials, thoroughly check the quality and safety of equipment, and do not blindly purchase and cause waste.

Third, the control means of project supervision in the construction stage

The construction stage is the main part of the project construction, which lasts for a long time and is easy to change. Few people can guarantee that there will be no emergencies during this period. In this process, the project supervisor mainly controls the cost by controlling the materials, allocating the progress payment and dealing with the related matters of engineering changes in the construction process.

(A) the control of building materials

When controlling the project cost, the supervision engineer should first monitor the equipment and raw materials involved in production. For example, for the procurement of building materials, the project supervisor shall conduct market research together with Party A's representative, and formulate the prices and technical standards of relevant materials and equipment. , and then give a quotation, so that manufacturers can give their own material quotations on this basis. Finally, the supervision engineer will compare and analyze the businesses participating in the bidding and select the best ones. When the materials enter the site, the supervision engineer shall conduct sampling inspection on the materials, and the materials with poor quality shall not enter the site, so as not to cause unnecessary losses and increase costs.

(II) Appropriation of progress payment

In the payment of progress payment, there are usually two situations: the payment of progress payment is too fast and the total cost is beyond the budget, and the payment of progress payment is too slow and the cost is insufficient. Both of these situations have caused the actual cost to exceed the target cost to a certain extent.

1. The progress payment is disbursed too quickly and the amount is too large.

This aspect is usually because the funds allocated by Party A are beyond the budget range, which will directly reduce the economic benefits of the project. Another situation is that the funds invested by the construction party exceed the settlement scope, but the construction party fails to return the excess to the construction party, causing losses to the construction party.

2. Slow progress payment and insufficient funds.

Because the project funds allocated by the construction party are too small and the interval is long, the construction party will reduce the progress and quality of the project and affect its own economic benefits because of insufficient funds. Fundamentally speaking, the reduction of project progress and quality will directly lead to the damage to the interests of both construction and construction.

As a project supervision organization, project supervision should constantly improve its working ability and quality, strengthen supervision on both sides of the project, and realize the control of project cost in the distribution of progress payment.

(C) the correct handling of engineering changes in the construction process

The new requirements and opinions of the construction unit are the main reasons for the project change. In addition, the temporary change of the construction plan by the constructor according to the construction problems during the construction process is also an important reason for the project change.

In engineering construction, if the construction scheme is temporarily changed or optimized, the previously purchased materials or leased equipment may not be used, resulting in new expenses. In this case, the project supervision should be strictly examined, and the cost overruns caused by unnecessary changes proposed by the construction party should be borne by the construction party, and the change visa must be signed by the chief supervision engineer. If engineering changes are necessary, the losses should be reduced as much as possible. When making changes, the three parties should negotiate with each other and deal with the investment and waste of materials reasonably and scientifically.