Practice report of electrical automation 1. Production practice is an important practical teaching link combining teaching with production practice. In the process of production practice, cultivate their ability and methods to observe problems, solve problems and learn from production practice. Cultivate our spirit of unity and cooperation, and firmly establish our sense of group, that is, individual wisdom can only play its role to the maximum extent if it is integrated into the group. Through this production practice, I learned the technical management knowledge of electrical equipment operation, the manufacturing technology knowledge of electrical equipment and practical knowledge that I couldn't learn in school. In production practice, I realize that strict discipline and unified organization and coordination are the needs of modern mass production, and are also necessary for our contemporary college students, thus further improving our organizational concept. We learned about the power supply and distribution system of the factory, especially the composition and operation flow of the factory substation, which broadened my horizons and knowledge, accumulated necessary perceptual knowledge for learning professional courses well, and laid a solid foundation for our future qualitative change. Through production practice, it has played an important role in consolidating and deepening our theoretical knowledge, cultivating our ability to work independently and enhancing our labor viewpoint. The main safety precautions when entering the factory are 1. Fire and explosion prevention 2, dust and gas prevention 3, burn and scald prevention 4, electric shock prevention 5, mechanical injury prevention 6, falling prevention 7, vehicle injury prevention 8, lifting machinery injury prevention 9, object strike prevention. Equipment operating instructions: 1. Working in various storage tanks, tankers, towers and other equipment, basements or other closed places belongs to working in the equipment. 2. Pipes and holes connected to the outside world on the equipment shall be effectively isolated from the outside world. 3. Before entering the equipment for operation, the equipment must be cleaned and replaced. 4. Measures should be taken to keep the air in the equipment good. 5. Within 30 minutes before operation, the gas in the equipment must be sampled and analyzed, and the sampling should be representative. 6. When working in equipment that cannot meet the requirements of cleaning and replacement, corresponding protective measures must be taken. 7. When working in a container, an explosion-proof lamp with lighting power less than or equal to 36V should be used. 8. In case of multi-type work and multi-level cross operation, measures should be taken to avoid injury, and safety ladders or platforms should be set up. When necessary, the guardian should use the safety rope bolt operator for construction. 9. The operation in the equipment must be supervised by special personnel, and rescue measures and effective protection measures should be taken. Brief introduction of chemical production characteristics: PTA is used as raw material, the relative molecular weight is 166. 13, the structural formula is HOOC[C6H4]COOH, and it is a white powder crystal at room temperature, which is non-toxic and flammable. So my workshop is in the first-class explosion-proof area (polymer electrical instrument). Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is formed by polycondensation of high-purity PTA and ethylene glycol (EG), and can also react with 1, 4- ethylene glycol or 1, 4- cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid to form the corresponding ester, which is mainly used to produce polyester. Polyester fiber is the most important variety of synthetic fiber, accounting for nearly 80% of the total output of synthetic fiber in the world. Direct catalytic synthesis of polyester from ethylene glycol p-xylene Final products: polyester filament, polyester short silk, low elastic yarn, high elastic yarn, differential and functional fiber and polyester staple fiber products. Chemical production is characterized by 1, and raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are mostly flammable, explosive or toxic substances. 2. The production process is mostly high temperature, high pressure or bottom temperature and high pressure. 3. Strong production continuity and high degree of automation. There are many industrial wastes, which affect the environment. 2. Internship process. During the internship, we also went to other related workshops for professional visits, gained more extensive knowledge of production practice and more accurately understood the operation mode of the factory. During the visit, we focused on the advanced design ideas and methods, advanced process methods, advanced tooling, advanced equipment, advanced organizational management forms and other characteristics. 3. Workshop practice Our workshop practice is the main way of production practice. We practiced in the designated workshop according to the internship plan, and successfully completed the designated internship content through observation, analysis and calculation, and consultation with workshop workers and technicians. 4. Combination of theory and practice In order to carry out workshop practice more deeply, in the process of practice, we combine the book knowledge we have learned with the requirements of practice, and the perfect combination of theory and practice also urges us to continue learning and research. 5. Internship Diary In the internship, our daily work, the results of observation and research, the collected data and charts, and the contents of the reports we listened to were recorded in the internship diary for later reading. Practice content (1) Learn and understand the main structural types of substations and the equipment selection of conventional substations. (2) Learn and understand the production technical data of the main components of the substation, including: various technical standards, drawings, specifications of special equipment, etc. (3) Understand the main technical requirements and uses of frequency converters. Equipment selection (a) and equipment configuration of conventional substations should be miniaturized, and advanced technology, stable and reliable working performance, guaranteed quality and after-sales service should be guaranteed. (b) The research institute should use two main transformers, which requires energy saving and on-load voltage regulation. Generally, S 10 or SZ 10 transformers are used, and the capacity of the transformers should be determined according to the power load, but the capacity ratio of the two main transformers should not exceed 1: 3, and the impedance voltage, transformation ratio and wiring group should be the same, with an error of less than 5%, which provides conditions for parallel operation of transformers in the future. (c) 1 ~ 2 sets of S 10-50kVA/35/0.4kV direct distribution transformers are installed on the outside of the 35kV incoming line or on the 35kV bus, and the transformers are controlled by drop fuses. (d) SF6 circuit breaker is used for high voltage circuit breaker, LW8-35 type is used for 35kV circuit breaker, and LW3- 10 type is used for10 type circuit breaker. (The 35kV incoming line adopts double circuits to prepare for the ring network project. (6) LGJX- 120 aluminum stranded wire is used for 6)35kV bus, single bus is not connected in sections, 10kV bus is connected in sections, and there are also 4-6 outlets. (f) The reactive power compensation capacity is determined by 10% ~ 15% of the main transformer capacity. BWF-200- 1W capacitor is used, and the voltage is connected in star shape. (g) Lightning protection measures: lightning rods are used for 35kV lines, and lightning rods and lightning arresters are used for substations. Lightning rods are welded with galvanized round steel and installed at the four corners of the area; The arrester is metal oxide arrester, with 35kV side installed on the bus and 10kV side installed on the outgoing line. (h), isolating switch operating mechanism should be set up "five prevention" atresia, by artificial or by computer integrated automation system to achieve "five prevention". (1) The control, protection and measurement parts adopt computer integrated automation management system. Brief introduction of some equipment The averaging tube flow sensor (hereinafter referred to as averaging tube) is a differential pressure flow sensor based on the pitot tube speed measurement principle. Isokinetic tube can be used with differential pressure transmitter and display instrument to measure the flow of liquid, gas or steam in circular and rectangular pipes. The average speed tube can be widely used in electric power, petroleum, chemical industry, textile and other industries. Because of its small pressure loss and simple installation and maintenance, it is especially suitable for measuring the flow of large-diameter pipelines. Starter (also known as soft starter, motor soft starter) Soft starter is a new motor control device which integrates motor soft start, soft stop, light load energy saving and various protection functions, and is called soft starter abroad. It mainly consists of three relatively parallel brake pipes connected in series between the power supply and the controlled motor and its electronic control circuit. Different methods are used to control the conduction angle of the three-phase parallel brake pipe, so that the input voltage of the controlled motor changes according to different requirements, and different functions can be realized. Solenoid valve Solenoid valve is an automatic basic element used to control the direction of fluid, which belongs to the actuator. It is usually used in mechanical control and industrial valves to control the direction of the medium and thus control the opening and closing of the valve. During the internship of inverter, I mainly contacted Siemens, Fuji, An Chuan, Danfoss and so on. We know the expression of synchronous speed of AC motor: n = 60 f (1-s)/p (1), where n is the speed of asynchronous motor; F- frequency of asynchronous motor; S- motor slip rate; P-the number of poles of the motor. According to the formula, the speed n is proportional to the frequency f, and changing the frequency f can change the speed of the motor. When the frequency f changes in the range of 0 ~ 50hz, the speed adjustment range of the motor is very wide. Inverter is an ideal speed regulation mode with high efficiency and high performance by changing the frequency of motor power supply. Frequency conversion drive: the alternating current is converted into DC by simple diode rectification; Then, the inverter module is used to generate alternating current with the required frequency. The inverter block mainly uses the on-off of diode to change DC into AC, and its frequency is determined by the speed of on-off change, thus realizing frequency conversion. Frequency converter control mode Low-voltage universal frequency conversion output voltage is 380 ~ 650 V, output power is 0.75 ~ 400 kW, and working frequency is 0 ~ 400 Hz. Its main circuit adopts AC -DC- AC circuit. Its control mode has experienced the following four generations. U/f=C sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) control mode, voltage space vector (SVPWM) control mode, vector control mode (VC) direct torque control (DTC) mode and matrix AC control mode. Practice is an important practical teaching link to cultivate high-quality engineering and technical talents, and an important way to combine school teaching with production practice and theory with practice. Its purpose is to train our professional knowledge and talent quality through internship, so as to lay a good foundation for taking up jobs as soon as possible after graduation and becoming a business backbone. Through production practice, we have learned and mastered the main structure, production technology and technological process of substation. Main tools and equipment used; Technical data of product production; Production organization and management, etc. To deepen the understanding of basic theories such as working principle, design and test of substation. Make us understand and master the working principle and structural knowledge of substation. It lays a good foundation for further studying professional courses and engaging in research and design in this field. In this production practice, we not only deepened our understanding of what we have learned, but more importantly, we corrected our outlook on labor and improved our ability to work independently.