The research on fruit tree transgenic began in the late 1980s. McGranahan was equal to 1988 to obtain transgenic walnut plants, which was the first transgenic fruit tree in the world. Subsequently, apples, oranges, pears, grapes, strawberries, kiwis, peaches, plums, apricots, papayas, mangoes and bananas have also been successfully transformed.
Strawberry is one of the most commonly used and prolific fruit tree materials in transgenic research. Since Nehra et al. first obtained transgenic strawberries in 1990, people have carried out a lot of research to improve the resistance of strawberries, enhance the storability of fruits or improve the quality of fruits. In improving plant resistance, Finstad et al. obtained transgenic plants resistant to strawberry yellow edge virus, Graham et al. obtained insect-resistant plants by introducing cowpea trypsin inhibitor (GpTi) gene, and glyphosate-resistant strawberries have also been successfully cultivated. At present, they are being tested in botany and will be used in production practice soon. In addition, Liu Fenghua and others introduced betaine dehydrogenase gene into strawberry, which improved the salt tolerance of transformed plants. Christopher et al. isolated the transcription activator CBF 1 gene from strawberry and introduced it into strawberry to obtain transgenic plants, which improved the cold tolerance of the transformed plants. In the aspect of enhancing fruit storability, Silvia et al. introduced pectin lyase gene antisense into strawberry to delay the post-heating process of fruit, Mathews et al. obtained transformed plants aimed at controlling ethylene synthesis, Woolley et al. introduced cellulase gene 1 antisense into strawberry, and the mRNA accumulation of this gene in transgenic plants decreased obviously. However, due to the large expression of cellulase gene 2, there is no significant difference in softening between transgenic fruits and non-transgenic fruits. In improving fruit quality, Toldi and others changed the content of fructose-2,6-diphosphate in strawberry plants by transgenic means. The results showed that when the content of fructose 2,6-diphosphate was high, it was beneficial to the distribution of assimilates to starch synthesis, and vice versa, the content of amino acids in plants with excessive sucrose synthesis also increased. Transgenic strawberry with acid invertase gene has also been reported, but the growth, sugar content, flavor and processing quality of transformed plants are still under study. Recently, Mezzetti and others have also obtained parthenocarpy transgenic strawberries. In addition to the fruit trees mentioned above, transgenic fruit trees such as mango, pineapple, chestnut, longan and avocado have also been reported. Generally speaking, there are many kinds of fruit trees with transgenic plants, especially the bulk fruits in the world and China have been successfully transformed.
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