First of all, we were still ahead in the Ming Dynasty. For example, among the three camps in the Ming Dynasty, there was a magic machine camp. During the Wanli period, we had ten tubes and red cannons, and the soldiers had three tubes of gods, which resisted the attack of the late Jin Dynasty. In the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, although he actively studied foreign cultures, he had fallen behind the western powers. The reason why the Qing Dynasty was backward was that our natural economy was dominant, and the small-scale peasant economy closed us to the outside world and thought that we were the only powerful country. However, at that time, the West had completed the second industrial revolution and the productivity rose rapidly. Capitalism is not satisfied with the domestic market and begins to seek foreign markets and resources. The way to export capital is colonial expansion. This led to the Opium War of 1840, and China was forced to open its doors.