1, author of the journal. Title [J] Name of publication, year of publication, starting and ending pages.

2. Title of the patent document [P]. Country. Types of patent documents. Patent number. Date of publication.

3. newspaper author. Title. Newspaper name. Publication date (version).

The meanings of various letters in references:

A: A piece of paper.

C: Essays.

Doctoral thesis.

G: information compilation.

J: journal articles.

M: Monographs and teaching materials.

N: newspaper articles.

P: patent.

R: research report.

S: standard.

Z: Other unspecified file types.

Precautions:

1. References should appear in the text and at the end of the text in the form of serial numbers, and the serial numbers should be consistent. Serial numbers are arranged in the order in which they appear in the text.

2. If a document is quoted many times in the text, the serial numbers of several places should remain unchanged, but the page numbers have changed. At the end of the article, you only need to list the references once, not many times.

3. All elements of each certification material must be complete and complete, including: the main person in charge; The title of literature; Identification of literature type and section type (such as monograph M, collection of essays C, newspaper article N, journal article J, dissertation D, report R, patent P, etc.). ).

The published items (place of publication, publishing house and year of publication) need not be marked for the first time, and the specific version should be marked for the non-1 version; The source of the document or the available address of the electronic document; Start and end page numbers of the document.