(1) Implement the demilitarization policy;

(2) the strong support of the United States;

(3) The Japanese government has formulated appropriate economic policies;

Japan implemented the policy of "building the country through science and technology", introduced the latest scientific and technological achievements, developed education and science and technology, and promoted the rapid economic development.

Detailed overview:

From 65438 to 0946, Japan established the Economic Stability Headquarters and formulated three major economic reform policies:

First, implement the "tilted" mode of production, give priority to the development of heavy industry, and concentrate on restoring and developing the production of four key industrial sectors, namely coal, steel, electricity and fertilizer, so as to promote the recovery of the whole economy.

Second, the implementation of the "agricultural land reform" in rural areas has enabled farmers to acquire land and greatly mobilized their enthusiasm for production. The Japanese government forcibly acquired 6.5438+0.94 million hectares of land owned by landlords and sold it to 4.2 million farmers at a very low price (only equivalent to a pair of boots or a bag of cigarettes in some places). Japanese Prime Minister Ji Tianmao once called it "the most thorough land reform in the non-capitalist world".

Third, in the face of serious inflation, the Japanese government stipulates that no matter the royal family, the powerful, the chaebol family or the ordinary people, each person can only withdraw 500 yen from the bank every month (equivalent to the wages of ordinary workers at that time). In this way, all deposits, national debt, social debt and shares are forced to depreciate rapidly in the fierce inflation, narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor in society. These three effective economic reform policies have promoted the recovery of Japan's economy and got rid of the extreme chaos and fatigue after the war.

In addition, the change of American attitude is also crucial.

In World War II, the United States and Japan were at war and were enemies. 1948, the United States identified Japan as an "anti-* * * fortress" in the Far East and adopted an attitude of helping Japan to restore its economic construction. The United States has reduced Japan's war reparations to the United States many times, and even cancelled Japan's reparations completely with 1954.

By 1949, Japan's economy had basically stabilized its position, curbed inflation and entered a state of full recovery. At this time,1June 25th, 950, the Korean War broke out. This sudden war has made the Japanese people who have not yet walked out of the shadow of war extremely uneasy, and the Japanese government has also fallen into a high degree of panic. However, it didn't take long for Japan to turn sorrow into joy, because the "United Nations Army" led by the United States left North Korea and needed a lot of materials, and Japan, which was close at hand, became the rear supply base of the US military. Orders for war materials rained down on Japanese companies. "Korea's special needs" has become a "strong shot" for developing Japan's economy. The surge in foreign exchange also solved Japan's post-war foreign exchange shortage. Toyota Motor Corporation is a typical example. This enterprise is on the verge of bankruptcy. At this time, the Korean War urgently needed a large number of military trucks, and a large number of orders suddenly fell from the sky, which made Toyota Motor Corporation return to the pre-war level at 195 1.

According to statistics, during the Korean War, Japan's military material revenue totaled as high as 1 billion dollars, and if other "special needs" income were included, it reached 3.6 billion dollars. During the ten years from 1950 to 1960, the accumulated amount of such special orders reached 6 107 billion USD.

In this way, by 1955, Japan's main economic indicators basically reached or exceeded the highest level before the war. In ten years, namely 1945- 1955, Japan completed the national economic recovery.

Then from 1955- 1973, Japan entered a period of rapid economic growth.

In these eighteen years, Japan's gross national product (GDP) has maintained an average annual growth rate of 9.8%! The industrial growth rate maintained a high speed of 13.6%. In these eighteen years, Japan's gross national product has increased by 12.5 times, and its per capita national income has increased by 10 times. Japan's long-term sustained high-speed economic growth is rare in the history of world capitalist economic development.

Japan became the second economic power after the United States, and successfully achieved the "second voyage" in Japan's modern history.

There are many reasons why Japan can become the second largest economy in the world within 18 years, among which three are very important:

First, Japan implements the strategy of "building the country through science and technology". In 1980s, the strategy of "building the country with high technology" was further put forward. Japan's leading position in science and technology, especially in high-tech fields, has laid the foundation for national economic development. While vigorously developing high-tech products, Japan pays special attention to the industrialization of advanced scientific and technological achievements at home and abroad, thus promoting the production and export of high-tech and high value-added products. Japanese cars are popular all over the world, and Japan's high-tech electronic products dominate the world, bringing huge profits to Japan.

Japan has always attached importance to science and technology. At the end of World War II, Japan was short of troops. Many 14, 15-year-old child soldiers, liberal arts students and even professors were added to the army and sent to the battlefield. However, tens of thousands of Japanese science and engineering students did not go to the battlefield and were preserved. These science and engineering students later became the main force of Japanese science and technology after the war and became the heroes who promoted the rapid development of Japan's economy.

Second, attach great importance to education and take the development of education as a national policy.

After the Second World War, under the extremely difficult financial situation, the Japanese government insisted on extending the period of compulsory education from six years to nine years, providing free meals and textbooks for primary and secondary school students, and allocating 6% of the gross national product as education funds every year, which is much higher than other countries. These measures have played an important role in improving people's quality.

According to statistics, 60% of Japan's economic growth after the war was achieved by scientific and technological progress, and the fundamental thing was the popularization of education, which trained a large number of scientific and technological talents.

Today, the primary school enrollment rate has remained above 99%, and the proportion of junior high school graduates entering high school is about 97%. Universities have entered the "all-in-one era", which means that anyone who wants to go to university can go to college. Japan's economy can take off, education is the foundation, and talents are the foundation.

The third is the "preferential treatment" brought by the "defeated country".

As a defeated country in the Second World War, Japan stipulated that its military expenditure should not exceed 1% of its gross national product. This provision "saved" a lot of military expenditure for Japan and promoted the rapid development of the national economy.

Revelation:

We should be good at seizing opportunities and pay attention to strengthening international economic ties.

Vigorously develop education, cultivate talents, actively introduce the latest scientific and technological achievements, and boldly innovate.

Adhere to the reform and opening up, adhere to the socialist road, and formulate economic development policies suitable for China's national conditions. Foreign civilization should be chosen; We can't copy mechanically, we should get rid of its dross and take its essence for our use.

I hope I can help you.