Introduction:

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, nothing has changed China more thoroughly than reform and opening up. If the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC) means that the people of China have stood up, then the reform and opening up truly shows that the people of China are walking and running on the bright road of socialism. Although the reform and opening up has also brought some problems, it is still destined to be a heavy stroke in the history of China.

Summing up history is to better move towards the future, and summing up reform and opening up is also to better further reform and opening up and better develop China. Next, I will discuss the reform and opening up from the political, economic, cultural and social aspects, analyze the essence of the reform and opening up, and look forward to the future reform and opening up.

First, the economic miracle of reform and opening up.

1978, our party held the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee with great historical significance, which opened a new historical period of reform and opening up. The establishment of special economic zones, the household contract responsibility system, the socialist market economic system and the clarification that the private economy is an important part of the socialist economy are all important measures of reform and opening up. Reform and opening up is a great revolution led by the Party, aiming at liberating and developing social productive forces, realizing national modernization, making China people rich and rejuvenating the great Chinese nation. Facts have eloquently proved that reform and opening up is the key choice to determine the fate of China and the only way to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only socialism can save China, and only reform and opening up can develop China [1].

The state leaders of the Party headed by Deng Xiaoping reformed the shackles of the traditional economic development system, greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of people, and enabled China to successfully realize the great historical turning point from a highly centralized planned economic system to a dynamic socialist market economic system, and from a closed and semi-closed to an all-round opening. The implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and governing the country according to law has injected new vitality into the economy.

From 65438 to 0978, China's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) was only 379 yuan, and reached 2000 US dollars in February 2006, an increase of about 40 times. Undoubtedly, the reform and opening-up policy has had the most obvious and thorough impact on China's economy this year, and we have the deepest experience. The reform and opening up, like a catalyst, has promoted the explosive growth of China's economy. China's economy has developed from the brink of collapse to the fourth in the world, and its total import and export volume is the third in the world. People's life has developed from inadequate food and clothing to overall well-off, and the number of poor people in rural areas has decreased from more than 250 million to more than 20 million. Remarkable achievements have been made in political, cultural and social construction. Deng Xiaoping opened its doors with extraordinary courage, and attracted foreign investment with preferential policies, advanced technology and modern management. Coupled with China's cheap labor and raw materials, China's products are cheap, and they are all over the world. At the expense of high consumption of resources and environmental damage, the accumulation of original capital in western countries has been rapidly completed. The reform is bold, but the pace is steady. The whole reform was carried out in an orderly manner under the leadership of the Party. In addition, the political system reform of separating the party from the government and decentralization has also cleared the way for economic development. Since China joined the WTO, China has made great progress in the process of globalization. The total foreign trade has tripled in five years, and the surplus has exploded, constantly creating economic miracles. Economic development in turn promotes political system reform. With the rapid development of democracy, the voice of building a service-oriented government is getting louder and louder, which further promotes the stable and healthy development of the economy.

Second, the problems behind the economic miracle.

However, with the economic growth, a series of problems have arisen: resources and energy are gradually exhausted due to over-exploitation, and environmental degradation is worrying. We are too intoxicated with "working for the people" and too proud of "the factory of the world", but the lack of independent intellectual property rights makes most of our wealth flow abroad, and the exchange of 800 million shirts for a Boeing plane is the best example. These problems have become the bottleneck restricting the further high-level development of China. In the next step, we must solve these problems, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, realize the combination of economic benefits and ecological benefits, increase independent research and development, and have our own intellectual property rights.

Third, the social benefits brought by reform and opening up.

The fundamental driving force of social development comes from the development of productive forces. Indeed, the economic miracle brought by China's reform and opening up has provided material guarantee for social development. Since the reform and opening up, China's education has advanced by leaps and bounds, and now it has become the largest educational country in the world, which has delivered a large number of outstanding talents for economic construction. Various social security systems in China have been gradually improved, and various welfare systems have been gradually implemented. Economic development has brought us more income, such as wearing decent and beautiful clothes, living in spacious and comfortable houses, using various household appliances, eating richer and more delicious food, drinking colorful drinks, enjoying high-tech medical services, playing various interesting electronic games, doing various wonderful sports, diversifying and facilitating means of transportation, and popularizing communication tools ... all these have subverted the old traditional concepts.

Fourthly, the influence of reform and opening up on China culture and its enlightenment.

With the deepening and all-round opening up of China, western cultural concepts have gradually penetrated into China, including universal values such as democracy, fairness and freedom, as well as some cultural rubbish-materialism, hedonism and sexual freedom. The excellent culture represented by universal values has made a beneficial supplement to the social development of China, but those cultural dross have also poisoned our social atmosphere. Others think that the reason for China's backwardness in the past lies in traditional culture, and it is very dangerous to completely deny our traditional culture. The essence of our traditional culture is the spiritual root of our Chinese nation. The world is pluralistic, and so is the culture. Don't worship foreign cultural concepts too much, but have unique cultural values that suit you. Fortunately, society has paid more and more attention to traditional culture recently. For values such as democracy and freedom, we should learn its essence, not its performance abroad. We should combine our own economic development and cultural tradition, endow it with its own elements and construct our own cultural values.

V the essence of reform and opening up

The essence of reform and opening up lies in: emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, which has opened up the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Comrade Deng Xiaoping accurately expounded the essence of socialism with his great wisdom. He pointed out: "The essence of socialism is to liberate and develop productive forces, eliminate exploitation and polarization, and finally achieve prosperity with * * *." [3] Poverty is not socialism. We can't deliberately pursue fairness, which leads to widespread poverty. Only by letting some people get rich first, getting rich first drives them to get rich later, and finally realizing * * * with wealth, can we realize real socialism. Deng Xiaoping's extraordinary courage cleared the ideological obstacles for China's development. On the premise of adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles, we can make bold use of anything that is conducive to economic development, people's living standards and comprehensive national strength.

The intransitive verb looks forward to the future reform and opening up.

The essential requirement of reform and opening up is ideological emancipation. We used to emancipate our minds, we persist in emancipating our minds now, we will persist in emancipating our minds in the future and we will always persist in emancipating our minds. In view of the social problems in the new period, we should emancipate our minds and thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development, which requires us to continue to deepen reform and opening up. Strengthen the breadth and depth of opening to the outside world and improve the level of open economy. Combine "bringing in" and "going out" better, expand the opening field, optimize the opening structure, improve the opening quality, improve the internal and external linkage, mutual benefit and win-win, safe and efficient open economic system, and form new advantages in participating in international economic cooperation and competition under the condition of economic globalization [4]. Internally, we will strengthen energy and resource conservation and ecological environment protection, enhance the coordination of development, and strive to make the economy develop well and quickly and achieve sustainable development. Reform is facing deep-seated contradictions and problems. We should not only increase social material wealth through development and continuously improve people's lives, but also ensure social fairness and justice through development and continuously promote social harmony [5]. Focusing on economic construction, but not only economic development, high GDP is not our goal. We should aim at building a harmonious society proposed by the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao at the core, adhere to people-oriented and scientific development, and strive to achieve more economic development, more prosperous culture, more democratic politics, more harmonious society and more affluent people's lives.

References:

[1] Manuscript of the 10th National Congress of China * * * Production Party [2]Baidu.com[3] Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping [4] Manuscript of the 10th National Congress of China * * * Production Party [5] Manuscript of the 10th National Congress of China * * *