What miracles will modern science and technology create? How can we improve our life? To tell the truth, no amount of improvement can change much.
The twentieth century is that era of great changes in human life,
It hasn't changed much before and it won't change in the future.
I wonder what miracles modern science and technology can create in the new century. The media has reported many times that researchers all over the world have found many effective methods to treat or even eradicate AIDS, and a series of clinical trials are under way, which can be regarded as a ray of light for AIDS carriers, including:
In June 2007, German scientists announced that they had successfully isolated HIV from human cells and made them healthy again. HIV can be "excised" by an enzyme called Tre and then recovered. Experiments will be carried out on mice before 20 10, and it is expected that a radical cure for AIDS will be found before 20 17.
In 2009:
In June, the University of Montreal in Canada found a way to completely cure AIDS. With the current cancer chemotherapy, the HIV hidden in the memory T cells of the immune system can be killed together. Therefore, it is suggested to combine chemotherapy with cocktail therapy and deal with AIDS at the same time.
In July, Ulsan Medical University in Korea found that Korean red ginseng can effectively improve human immunity. This study in 2 1 year found that among the patients diagnosed in 1988 who had never taken AIDS drugs, one patient only took Korean red ginseng, but he was still alive, which indicated that the immune cells in the patient's body had returned to normal level, and most of the HIV genes had been destroyed and almost completely recovered.
In September, researchers in the United States and Thailand announced that a "combined vaccine" jointly developed by the two sides could reduce the risk of human infection with HIV by 365,438+0.2%.
In February, 65438, the first clinical trial of a new AIDS treatment developed by researchers at McGill University in Canada was a complete success. This therapy may be more effective than the widely accepted cocktail therapy at present.
A research team led by Robert Bambara, a professor at the University of Rochester in the United States, may find genes that help HIV spread and replicate in the human body. This achievement will contribute to the development of vaccines or new drugs to treat AIDS.
Experts from the AIDS Research Institute of UCLA announced that they can find a stem cell that can kill HIV, which will effectively prevent and treat HIV. The research results make the prospect of successful treatment of AIDS brighter.
A research team composed of Czech and German scientists recently announced that they are developing a new compound. Animal experiments show that it can prevent the replication and spread of HIV. The compound may be used in the development of clinical drugs in the future.
20 10:
In June+10, 5438, several herbalists in Hunan Province, China developed a Chinese herbal medicine reagent. Preliminary tests showed that AIDS patients who received drug treatment did not relapse, and HIV did not replicate in their bodies. So as to achieve the effect of treating AIDS.
February
British and American scientists announced in the journal Nature on June 5438+1October 3 1 that their new research had discovered the three-dimensional structure of integrase. Integrases can be found in retroviruses, including HIV, and help HIV to replicate in the human body. This breakthrough will help scientists further solve a difficult problem in the field of AIDS research in the past 20 years, and then find a better way to treat AIDS.
Scripps Institute in the United States said on March 3rd that its scientists have discovered two compounds which can be used as new binding sites for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease, thus laying the foundation for developing new AIDS drugs with better efficacy and stronger drug resistance.
In March, American researchers found that banana lectin can attach to the sugar compound on the surface of HIV, "sealing" the genetic material of the virus, thus blocking the path of the virus entering the human body. According to this discovery, researchers may be able to develop new treatments that can effectively treat AIDS.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University in the United States have found that an antibiotic currently used to treat acne can effectively prevent the spread or replication of HIV.
The French National Research Center announced on June 5438+08 that its researchers have synthesized a molecule that can prevent the spread of HIV between cells.
Please give examples to illustrate the discoveries and inventions of modern science and technology. Since the founding of New China 52 years ago, especially since the reform and opening up, China has made brilliant achievements in science and technology.
1. A relatively complete system of scientific research and technological development has been formed, and the overall level of scientific and technological development ranks among the top in developing countries. Development of domestic scientific research and experiment in 2000 (R&; D) The total expenditure was 89.6 billion yuan, accounting for 1.0% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of that year, ranking first among developing countries. At R & ampd basic research accounts for 5.2% of the total expenditure; Applied research accounts for17.0%; Experimental development accounts for 77.8%. Among them, the expenditure of various enterprises accounts for the proportion of domestic R&; 60.3% of the total expenditure is close to the level of developed countries, indicating that enterprises have gradually become the main body of R&D activities in China.
At present, 2 17 national key laboratories (including 60 national defense science and technology key laboratories) and 188 national engineering centers have been built, and 294 national enterprise technology centers have been recognized; International authoritative retrieval institutions have collected 44,536 scientific and technological papers in China, and the number of patents granted by local residents is 92 1, 0 1, including 3,097 invention patents. In 2000, the export of high-tech products was $24.7 billion; The total income of technology, industry and trade in 53 national high-tech zones is 677.48 billion yuan, and the industrial added value is 654.38+047.62 billion yuan.
2. Breakthrough progress has been made in the reform of the science and technology system, and the phased goals set by the state for the reform of the science and technology system have basically been achieved. The strategic focus of scientific and technological work is shifting to the main battlefield of national economic construction, and the scientific and technological strength of enterprises is further enhanced. 242 state-level technology development research institutes have basically completed the transformation, and most scientific research institutions are directly oriented to market demand. The pilot of knowledge innovation has achieved initial results, the reform of university management system has been basically completed, and scientific and technological resources have been optimized. Private scientific and technological enterprises have risen rapidly and the technology market has developed rapidly; The macro science and technology management system was gradually improved, a new science and technology system adapted to the socialist market economy was initially formed, and the construction of the national innovation system was gradually launched.
3. Achievements have been made in the field of basic scientific research. Great achievements have been made in human gene sequencing, carbon nanotubes and nano-new materials, CAMBRIAN life explosion research, MEMS research, South China Sea ocean drilling and so on. Emerging interdisciplinary subjects such as surface science, nonlinear science, cognitive science and earth system science have developed rapidly. The construction of eight national scientific projects, such as China Continental Scientific Drilling Project and large-area multi-target optical fiber spectral astronomical telescope, has created good conditions for basic scientific research in China.
4. Breakthrough in high-tech research and industrialization. Major breakthroughs have been made in space high technologies such as manned space technology, launch vehicle and satellite technology. Breakthroughs in two-line hybrid rice, genetic engineering drugs, transgenic animals and plants, gene sequencing and diagnosis and treatment of major diseases have brought the overall level of biotechnology in China close to that of developed countries. Great achievements such as high-definition TV, "Shenwei" computer, large-size monocrystalline silicon material and panel stem cell regeneration technology have made China leap into the world's advanced ranks in corresponding fields. The development of national defense science and technology has laid a solid foundation for strengthening national defense strength and promoted the technological progress of national defense industry.
5. Industrial and agricultural science and technology have made progress. In agricultural science and technology, more than 600 new varieties were cultivated during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period alone, and the output per unit area increased by about 10%. Popularizing some important technologies, such as rice dry farming and sparse planting, water-saving technology, ABT plant regulator, plastic film mulching cultivation, etc. in the whole growth period of wheat dry land has effectively guaranteed the realization of China's grain yield increase goal.
Some major technological breakthroughs have been made in industrial science and technology, and the technical level of key industries has been improved. A series of important achievements have been made in the industrialization of digital program-controlled switches, oxygen-coal enhanced ironmaking technology, nickel-hydrogen batteries and amorphous materials. Combined with a series of major national construction projects such as the Three Gorges Project, national economic informatization, integrated circuit and Taishan Nuclear Power Station Phase II, through introduction, digestion, absorption and innovation, we have conquered a number of key technologies and mastered the design and manufacturing technologies of some major complete sets of technical equipment. The popularization and application of a number of important technologies such as computer aided design (CAD) and computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) have greatly improved the technological innovation ability of enterprises. The implementation of a number of major projects, such as innovative drugs, utilization and protection of water resources, well-off housing, dating projects in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and the construction of the second phase of China Science and Technology Museum and a number of popular science facilities, have promoted the development of social undertakings.
China has made great achievements in scientific and technological development.
(1) background materials
1. Great achievements have been made in human gene research.
(1)1999121A research team composed of scientists from Britain, the United States, Japan and other countries announced that the first human chromosome genetic code has been translated, which is another major breakthrough in the field of human science. The human genome project is one of the three major scientific projects in human history, which is as famous as Manhattan Atomic Bomb Project and Apollo Moon Landing Project, but its value and influence on human society will far exceed the first two projects.
(2) On June 26th, 2000, the first draft of the human genome was finally drawn, and China scientists participated in and completed the task of sequencing the draft of the human genome 1% with high quality, which showed that China scientists had the ability to rise to the forefront of international science and made important contributions.
(3) On February 12, 2000, scientists from six countries participating in the Human Genome Project jointly published the human genome map and its analysis results, and the complete map of the human genome will be drawn this year. Draw a complete human genome map and decipher all human genetic information. The implementation of this plan will continue to provide diagnosis and prevention of human diseases, bring immeasurable changes to the pharmaceutical industry, and promote the development of life science, information science and a number of high-tech industries.
2. Space technology has developed rapidly.
(1) On June 65438+February 2, 2000, the second Beidou navigation test satellite developed by China was successfully launched, which together with the first Beidou navigation test satellite launched on June 65438+1October 3, 2000 constituted the Beidou navigation system. This indicates that China will have the first-generation satellite navigation and positioning system independently developed. After the system is completed, it will mainly provide navigation services for highway transportation, railway transportation, offshore operations and other fields, and will play a positive role in China's national economic construction.
(2) 20011China's "Shenzhou II" was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in China and successfully entered the scheduled orbit. On June 65438+1October16th, the "Shenzhou II" unmanned spacecraft returned accurately and landed successfully. This is the first launch of China space flight in the new century and the second flight test of China's manned spaceflight project, which marks an important step for China to realize manned flight.
3. Great achievements have been made in the field of nanotechnology.
Scientists in China are at the forefront of international science and technology in nanotechnology research. Recently, scientists in China directly discovered the "strange" property of nano-metal-superplastic ductility for the first time in the world. Nano-copper can be stretched more than 50 times at room temperature, which is called "a breakthrough in this field, showing people for the first time how nano-materials without cavities are deformed". Generally speaking, China ranks fourth in the world in the total number of nano-papers, and has occupied a place in the international research of nano-materials.
Supercomputers are intelligent.
On June 29th, 2000, the first humanoid robot independently developed by China, which has human appearance characteristics and can simulate human walking and basic operation functions, made its debut at Changsha University of National Defense Technology. The appearance of humanoid robot indicates that China robot technology has entered the international advanced ranks.
5. The National "863" Plan15th Anniversary Achievement Exhibition was held.
In March, 20001,the state held the "863" project 15 anniversary exhibition in Beijing Exhibition Hall. Since the implementation of1986 "863" project in March, * * * has obtained more than 2,000 patents at home and abroad, published more than 47,000 papers, created a cumulative new output value of more than 56 billion yuan, and generated indirect economic benefits of more than 200 billion yuan. The overall gap between the R&D level in the high-tech field supported by the 863 Program and the world advanced level has obviously narrowed, and it has begun to occupy a place in the world high-tech field. More than 60% of the technology has grown from scratch, and now it has entered or approached the international advanced level, and 25% still lags behind the international advanced level, but it has also made great progress on the original basis.
(B) Analysis of the combination with teaching materials
1. From the common sense of economics:
(1) Science and technology are the primary productive forces. Nowadays, science and technology play a decisive role in the development of productive forces; The competition in today's world is, in the final analysis, the competition between science and technology and talents.
(2) the great role of finance. Economic development depends on science, scientific progress depends on talents, and talent training depends on education. The development of these institutions must rely on financial support, and a large number of scientific and technological achievements listed in the background materials are inseparable from financial support.
(3) The internationalization of the international economy, the internationalization of the development and application of science and technology is one of the important manifestations. The draft human genome was an international cooperation project from the very beginning, initiated by the United States, with the participation of scientists from Britain, Japan, France, Germany and China.
2. From the philosophical common sense:
(1) The relationship between objective laws and people's subjective initiative. A series of scientific and technological achievements have been achieved on the one hand because scientists respect objective laws, and on the other hand, they are the result of tenacious struggle, pioneering and enterprising, and giving full play to their subjective initiative.
(2) Everything is divided into two parts, so we should adhere to the dichotomy and dichotomy. For example, a breakthrough in human genetic research will certainly promote the development of life science, information science and a number of high-tech industries. At the same time, people are also facing new problems such as gene monopoly and excessive use of gene results in pursuit of commercial interests.
(3) Understand the viewpoint of deepening development. On the basis of practice, people should deepen and expand their understanding of the suite and push it forward. The research process of human gene technology and the development of space technology in China are the inevitable results of deepening and developing understanding.
3. From the point of political common sense:
(1) The essence of international competition. The essence of today's world competition is the contest of comprehensive national strength based on economic and scientific and technological strength. Whether we can gain advantages in the development of science and technology and enhance the comprehensive national strength based on economy and science and technology will ultimately determine China's position in the international arena.
(2) The function of the state to lead and organize socialist modernization and socialist spiritual civilization.
The function of architecture. The state vigorously develops high and new technologies and applies them to economic construction to promote economic development.
Economic development.
What are the characteristics and trends of the development of modern science and technology? 1. Main features of modern science and technology
Modern science is closely related to modern technology, and its rapid development is leading to drastic changes in global politics, economy and society. Modern science and technology have greatly promoted social progress, showing new characteristics different from any previous historical period.
Second, the main trends of modern science and technology development
The development of modern science and technology and its influence have reached unprecedented breadth and depth, and become one of the important determinants of a country and social development. At the same time, under the influence of various factors, modern science and technology have also undergone tremendous changes, showing a new development trend, mainly in the following four aspects.
First, the main characteristics of modern science and technology
1, the rapid development of science and technology, showing the phenomenon of knowledge explosion.
2. The cycle of applying science and technology to production is greatly shortened.
3. Socialization characteristics
4. Various disciplines and technical fields penetrate, cross and merge with each other.
Second, the main trends of modern science and technology development
1, high-tech continuous penetration
2. Software is highly valued.
3. Technology and Science * * *
4. The era of military guidance is coming to an end.
Seeking the true questions of introduction to modern science and technology from self-taught exams over the years
You can try this.
What do things in modern science and technology mean? Things in modern science and technology refer to the relationship between science and technology;
1, science and technology and science and technology:
Science and technology are the remarkable characteristics of modern science and technology. At present, the development of technology is inseparable from the breakthrough and guidance of science, and the deepening of science needs the support and guarantee of various technologies. Science and technology depend on each other, promote each other and combine closely, which leads to the development of science and technology.
Many emerging technologies since the 1940s, such as laser technology, superconducting technology and gene recombination technology, are the direct products of modern science. The more new technology, the more scientific knowledge it contains. High-tech is a technology with intensive scientific knowledge. Now it is not clear in science, and it is almost impossible to achieve it in technology. Even technologies with a long history and developed by experience, such as agricultural production technology and construction technology, cannot be separated from the guidance of scientific theory. As a rational understanding of natural things, natural science has penetrated into all fields of technology and become the key to the development of modern technology, making technology truly become science and technology.
The research object of modern science is not limited to the macro field, but also goes deep into the micro field, expanding packaging to the macro field. To explore the laws of material movement in these fields, we need powerful technical means, especially sophisticated experimental instruments and complete sets of technical equipment. In fact, without microwave technology, there would be no radio telescope, no modern astronomy, no ultra-low temperature and ultra-high pressure technology, and no superconducting microscopic theory. Without X-ray diffraction technology, there would be no modern genetics.
2. Science, technology and production are increasingly integrated into a unified system:
The scientificization of science and technology has greatly strengthened the position and role of contemporary science and technology in material production and has become the first factor in the development of productive forces in modern society. Contemporary natural science is no longer the result of production promotion, but follows production practice and develops in the order of production, technology and science. Instead, it walks in front of production, opens up various possible ways for the development of production, prepares various preconditions and forms the development order of science, technology and production. At the same time, the cycle of the whole process, from the acquisition of basic scientific knowledge, through the realization of technological death, and then applied to production, has received economic benefits and greatly shortened, making science and technology quickly become direct productive forces. Therefore, in the development of modern production, the scientific and technological development trend of scientific production has gradually formed a unified system of science, technology and production. The high penetration and function of science and technology in production make science and technology a realistic direct productive force.
What's the difference between modern technology and primitive technology? Modern science and technology have four characteristics:
1, knowledge explosion
In the 30 years since 1950s alone, there have been more new scientific and technological achievements than the previous two thousand years combined.
The steam engine took 80 years from its invention to its application, and only 6 years from the discovery of nuclear fission to the atomic bomb explosion.
The computer developed in 1945 has improved the information processing speed by tens of thousands of times in just a few decades.
Now about 10 years, 30% of new industrial technologies will be eliminated. In five years, half the knowledge of modern engineers will be out of date.
/kloc-in the 0/9th century, the world's scientific and technological knowledge will increase l times every 50 years; In the middle of the 20th century, it increased by 1 times every 10 year; Today, it has increased by 1 times in three to five years.
2. The integration trend of modern science: natural science and social science permeate and influence each other.
3. Science and technology and science and technology.
Science and technology: without microwave technology, there would be no radio telescope, no modern astronomy, no ultra-low temperature and ultra-high pressure technology, and no superconducting microscopic theory; Without X-ray diffraction technology, there would be no modern genetics.
Science and technology: Laser technology, superconducting technology and gene recombination technology since 1940s are the direct products of modern science.
Science, technology and production are increasingly integrated into a unified system.
Original mode: develop in the order of production, technology and science.
The current model: the development sequence of science-technology-production makes science and technology quickly become direct productive forces.
Who has information about the history of modern science and technology? :::: I have.