The book *** 10, with 50 articles (originally divided into two parts, 25 articles each), is based on Confucius' aesthetic thoughts and adopts Taoist thoughts. It holds that Taoism is the origin of literature, and saints are examples for scholars to learn. Scripture? This is a model of the article. How is the writer's creative personality formed? Only? 、? Gas? 、? Study? 、? Xi？ Four aspects. "Wen Xin Diao Long" also systematically discusses the relationship between the form and content of literature, inheritance and innovation, and emphasizes the basic characteristics of the concrete image of artistic thinking activities in the process of exploring and studying the concept of literary creation, and initially puts forward the problem of image thinking in artistic creation; I have a more conscious understanding of the artistic essence and characteristics of literature, which has created a precedent for studying literary thinking with images. This paper comprehensively summarizes the aesthetic achievements before Qi and Liang Dynasties, and makes a detailed exploration and discussion on the aesthetic essence of language and literature and the aesthetic law of creation and appreciation.
Content introduction
Wen Xin Diao Long * *10, 50 articles. Divided into two parts, each part has 25 articles. This book includes four important aspects, written by Liu Xie (Xi? ) written in Nanshan, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province. In the first half, the five articles from the original Tao to the discrimination of Sao are the program of this book, and the core of this book is the original Tao, which requires saints and classics, and requires all things to be based on Tao, saints and classics. 20 articles from "Ming Poetry" to "Minister". Preface to the paper? Taking this as the center, this paper studies and evaluates the origins of various styles, writers and works one by one. In the case of verse? Thesis? Among them, Ming poetry, Yuefu and Shi Fu are more important. With blank verse? Foreword? Among them, Shi Zhuan, Zhuzi and The Analects are of great significance. In the second half, 20 articles from "thinking" to "looking for" (excluding "time series") are written in? Anatomical analysis? This is a creative theory that pays attention to all aspects of the creative process. Time Series, Tales Collection, Companion, and Masterpiece are mainly literary history and critical appreciation. The following two parts are the main essence of this book. There are 49 articles on the above four aspects, plus 50 articles on the author's motivation, attitude and principles in writing this book.
dominant thought
Put forward by Wen Xin Diao Long? Words are rich in meaning, and things are close, while metaphors are implicit in body and mind. The emphasis on the text outside the foreign language makes the players memorable and tireless? Although Liu Xie's thought is not completely original, it explains the aesthetic characteristics of the unity of finiteness and infinity, certainty and uncertainty in literary language more concretely than previous generations. Liu Xie also saw that the content of poetry is not the general classic Tao and reason, but related to reason, ambition and qi? Love? Its form is not ordinary words, but and? Elephant? With what? Words? What combinations are there? Pick? Words. The relationship between them is: Love, a classic of literature; Obedience is the latitude of reason. After the correction, the latitude line is formed, and the speech is smooth after the conclusion. ? The two complement each other and form a perfect art with the unity of quality and literature. And the unity in this creative process is through? Thinking? Has been reached. ? Thinking? It is Liu Xie's further exploration of thinking in images after Wen Fu. Liu Xie saw that it was essentially a kind of free imagination activity, gave a vivid description of it and said: the thought of literature is also far away, so it is silent and thoughtful, and has been thinking for thousands of years; Sad and moved, see through Wan Li. Between chanting, breathing the sound of pearls and jade; Before, the wind and cloud are comfortable. ? In his opinion? Thinking? Although it is dominated by acceptance, there is no concept such as abstract logical thinking to regulate it, but? God lives in his mind, but ambition is the key? , combined with things, images and words, always moves in perceptual images, accompanied by the experience and free expression of the subject's emotions. The book says? The husband thinks far. Wantu is actually cute, the rules are empty, and the lettering is invisible; Climbing mountains is full of emotion, while watching the sea is full of meaning. How old I am, I go hand in hand with the wind and cloud. ? It is believed that language and literature not only reproduce the physical appearance of the object, but also express the emotion, reason, ambition and spirit of the subject. So, what is Liu Xie's concern? Body? To divide the style of writing, that is, the so-called? Different talents, different styles? . Liu Xie also attached great importance to the form of literature. From the perspective of language and literature, this paper summarizes the laws of formal beauty such as balance, symmetry and unity of change.
Confucian doctrine of the mean is the keynote that runs through the book Wen Xin Diao Long. The main aesthetic categories put forward by Liu Xie are all in pairs. Although the contradictory side is dominant, he emphasizes both sides, not one side. Put forward in the article? Break muscles, only compromise? When discussing Tao and writing, emotion and mining, truth and strangeness, China and reality, emotion and ambition, wind and bone, concealment and beauty, they all follow this criterion, which embodies the classical aesthetic ideal of harmonious unity of various artistic factors. Liu Xie especially emphasized the masculine beauty associated with Confucianism, showing a tendency to try to correct the style of writing. How is he? The power of character? This is reflected in his exposition, which has had an important impact on later generations.
With Confucianism and Taoism as the core, Wen Xin Diao Long has some influence, but it is Confucianism and Taoism that constitute its literary ideological program and core. It does not deny the authenticity of the existence of the material world, but thinks that there is a congenital outside the objective real world? Tao? Or? God? . This? Tao? Or? God? It is the intangible and final basis that determines all changes in the objective world. Liu Xie thinks? It turns out that the mind of Taoism is based on the application of rules and the study of divinity. (The Original Way) is the fundamental principle for saints to write scriptures. ? Shinto? Is it easy for the language to come out? Opinion? Hey ":? Saints believe in Shinto, and the world is convinced? . Supernatural, anthropomorphic? God? And its agent in reality-the emperor, is naturally regarded as the highest authority. According to this view, Wen Xin Diao Long not only further developed Xunzi, especially since Yang Xiong? So the Taoist scriptures are sacred? His views, which run through all important aspects of Wen Xin Diao Long, have become the fundamental basis for his argument, which has stained his theory with a layer of Confucian classics and brought many limitations. For example, he thinks all kinds of articles are classics? Branches? . At that time, there were all kinds of practical articles on special topics, but they were dismissive of the emerging novels.
However, when discussing the specific literary creation activities, Wen Xin Diao Long abandoned the abstract preaching of scholars and showed a simple materialistic literary view. Moreover, he put forward a series of ingenious and original opinions on literary creation and criticism, and the characteristics and laws of literature. Therefore, it occupies a very important position in the history of China's literary theory criticism.
Analysis of Famous Sentences in Wen Xin Diao Long
Happy with a needle, laughing with a medicine.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Nourish qi Acupuncture fatigue: diagnosis and treatment of fatigue. Drug fatigue: cure fatigue. The general idea of these two sentences is: eliminate fatigue through leisure, and cure fatigue through talking and laughing. People's physical or mental fatigue is mostly caused by continuous work and high tension in the brain and muscles. Let the body be free, unrestrained, chat with people, and look happy. This kind of active rest can relax the brain and muscles, make the spirit tend to be peaceful, and fatigue will be naturally eliminated. These two sentences can be used to guide people to eliminate fatigue.
Writers write with emotion, and audiences write with emotion.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? A bosom friend Editor: refers to the author. Audience: refers to readers. Essay: Read and analyze the article. Enter the artistic conception: enter the scene specified in the work, which means moving. The general idea of these two sentences is: only when the feelings are surging can the author think like a spring and form a work with words; Only by carefully reading and analyzing the works can readers have a * * * sound with the author and be moved by the feelings of the works. These two sentences discuss the whole process of aesthetic activities from three aspects: writer, work and reader, and emphasize the importance of true feelings to works. It can be quoted to show that only when the writer's feelings surge in his chest, such as in his throat, can he write good works and impress the readers. If you write just for the sake of writing, even if you barely write, it will not be infectious.
Know the sound after practicing a thousand songs, and know the instrument after watching a thousand swords.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? A bosom friend Fuck: Master. Sound: refers to music. Weapon: refers to a weapon. The general idea of these two sentences is: only by mastering thousands of songs can you be familiar with music; Only by observing thousands of swords can weapons be identified. The original intention of this passage by Liu Xie is that if you want to understand a literary work comprehensively and thoroughly, you must first read a lot of works. New words of Yilin quotations:? Ziyun (Yang Xiong) said; Being able to read ten thousand volumes of fu is a good fu; Junda (Wang Junda) said: If you can see a thousand swords, you will know a thousand swords. , Liu Xie language cover since then. Today, we still need to advocate Liu Xie's materialism in literary appreciation and criticism. To appreciate literary and artistic works, we should be good at identifying both fragrant flowers and poisonous weeds and gravel pearls. Advocate? Look at a thousand swords and know the device? , is to emphasize comparison. Liu Xie's viewpoint of emphasizing personal practice, accumulating a lot of perceptual materials and identifying the essence of things through full comparison can also be applied to other fields.
It is difficult to make an article by changing a chapter, and it is difficult to replace a sentence by changing a word.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Additional meeting. Chapter: chapter. Yi: Transformation. Generation: replacement. Modifying a chapter is more difficult than writing an article, and replacing a word is more difficult than replacing a sentence. It's really hard to revise an article, not only to keep the original content style, but also to choose words carefully and strive for perfection. Sometimes it takes more labor to rewrite an article in order to modify a word or a sentence. It can be quoted to reflect the difficulty of article revision.
Weigh the gains and losses, consider the shade, cut down the filth and relax the burden.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Network cutting ". Weigh: measure. Benefits: decrease and increase. Consider: consider. Yi (shān Mountain): Broken leg. Relax: release. The general idea of these sentences is: measure where words should be increased and how much should be reduced; Consider where the pen and ink should be heavy and where it should be light, delete redundant words and cut off the vulgar rhyme content, which can reduce the burden of the article and avoid verbosity and fatigue. ~ a few words tell us: after writing, the article should be revised repeatedly, eliminating the rough and keeping the essence, deleting the complicated and simplifying it, so that the text is concise and the center is prominent. This is a creative experience, which is worth remembering. If you act in haste, it will be difficult to succeed.
People who are good at deleting words leave meaning, while those who are good at using words have different meanings.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Melt and cut. Application: layout and arrangement. Special: different. The general idea of these two sentences is: those who are good at deleting, although some redundant words have been removed from the article, their meaning still exists; People who are good at arranging stories use different words in their articles, and their meanings become more and more obvious. The ancients paid attention to refinement in writing articles, that is, using as few words as possible to express as many meanings as possible. At the same time, they also pay attention to communication and diffusion, that is, express their feelings to the fullest. So good articles sometimes splash ink like clouds, and sometimes cherish ink like gold. Visible? Delete? And then what? Apply? Is the unity of opposites, complementary opposites. When it is simple and when it is complicated depends on the content of the article. These two sentences can be carefully tailored for discussion and simplification, and quoted at that time.
Sentences can be cut, indicating sparse; A word can't be agreed, and its secret is well known.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Wenxin carved dragons? Melt and cut. Sparse: coarse food means that the relationship between text and meaning is not close, and there are redundant and irrelevant words in the middle. The general idea of these two sentences is: there are sentences that can be deleted in the article, which shows that it is very rough; Only if there is not a word in the article that can be deleted can we know its accuracy. The ancients said, Wen is not afraid of change? When revising, we should pay attention to removing those redundant or dispensable words as much as possible, so that the article will be concise and detailed. These sentences can be quoted when discussing the basic principles of article deletion.
Words with little meaning are meaningless, and long sentences are obstacles.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Secretary ". Incubation (Qu): Lack. None of the meanings of these two sentences is incomplete, and one more sentence will hinder it. You can't write more than one word in the article, so the explanation is concise and clear. If you can reach the above level, the language of the article will not be changed.
Take a few hundred words and fight for a strange price; Love must be extremely beautiful to write something, and words must be completely new.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Ming poetry. Li: Duality. Adoption: Choose words. Hundred words: twenty five-character poems, referring to the whole article. The general idea of these sentences is: pay attention to the dual rhetoric of the whole article and strive for unique strategies; Be sure to describe the scene as much as possible and try to be novel in wording. "Wen Xin Diao Long? Poetry in Ming Dynasty is a special topic of poetry. This paper discusses the poems of each generation respectively, points out the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each generation, and has many incisive opinions. ~ It is about the characteristics of the poetic style in the early period of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties: paying attention to duality, paying attention to diction, meticulous description and novel diction. It inherits and innovates the poetic style of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Especially? Cai Li? These two sentences give a typical summary of the poetic style of paying attention to words and sentences, so they are often quoted by people.
Looking for the best and love.
Southern dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long? Looking for it. Looking for: scenery. The general idea of this sentence is: the scenery description is very detailed and the emotional expression is very implicit. China's lyric poetry works in ancient times always pay attention to lyricism on the spot and the blending of scenes. At the same time, most of the blanks pay attention to the poor modeling when writing the scenery, so that they are full, while the lyricism is implicit and implicit, so that it can be achieved. Endless opinions cannot be expressed in words? . This sentence can be quoted to discuss the relationship between emotion and scenery in the works, and can also be used to express rich and implicit rhetoric.