Analysis of preschool children's health education. The first paper, "On Children's Mental Health Education in Preschool Education Stage"
Abstract: Mental health is one of the key issues in modern education, and the unstable state of college students' mental health is becoming more and more prominent, which has aroused social concern about children's mental health. Especially the mental health of preschool children will have a far-reaching and even irreversible impact on their future emotional, moral and personality development. Preschool education is the most basic stage of national quality education, the preparatory stage of primary school and the initial stage of life development. With the development and progress of society, new requirements are constantly put forward for talents. Facing the increasing competitive pressure, the next generation is required not only to have good intellectual conditions, but also to have certain psychological quality conditions to face various challenges. Starting with the definition of preschool children's mental health, this paper discusses the main ways of preschool children's mental health education, as well as the existing problems and related countermeasures of preschool children's mental health education in China at present.
Keywords: preschool education; Children's mental health; Problems; Countermeasures
At present, there is no uniform standard to measure children's mental health in the world, but after long-term research, we can judge whether their mental health is healthy from some specific performances: (1) Normal intellectual development is one of the important signs of mental health, that is to say, children's intellectual development matches their age. Children with normal intellectual development are often curious, have excited inquiry behavior about things they are interested in, and have normal memory; (2) Emotional stability. Mental health is largely reflected and expressed through emotions. Although they sometimes have some negative emotions, they will soon be attracted to other things after expressing them. They are more optimistic and cheerful. (3) gregarious and not withdrawn. In front of their peers, they show strong interest in communication, sympathy and friendliness. (4) Honesty and self-esteem. When doing something wrong, you can admit your mistake, feel ashamed when facing criticism, and long for recognition and praise from others. These manifestations can be used as the basis for judging children's mental health, which accords with the age characteristics of preschool children.
First, the main ways of preschool children's mental health education
1. Respect the psychological rights and interests of preschool children and inject psychological education into their daily behavior.
In the teaching activities of pre-school education, teachers' educational behavior should be amiable, try to dispel children's inferiority and timidity, encourage them in words, and be absolutely soft in eyes, because children's psychology is the most sensitive, and they can often judge whether teachers like them from their words and deeds and even from their eyes, eager to get their praise and love.
2. Infiltrate education in the campus environment
The environment of preschool children's mental health education includes school environment, family environment and community environment. Only the joint efforts of the three can play a guiding role in preschool education. In the campus environment, it is mainly to create a warm and romantic activity space for children, thus creating a good atmosphere for cultivating psychological quality: colorful classrooms, various extracurricular activities facilities, amiable teachers and so on. Create a friendly partnership and a warm and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, so that preschool children have a sense of psychological security in kindergarten, and then promote their psychological healthy growth.
3. Mental health education in preschool children's life
The life of preschool children always runs through games. In the whole game process, children learn how to get along with other peers through game selection, role-playing and other plot activities, which is undoubtedly very helpful for the individualized development of children's personality. However, not all games have a positive effect on children's mental health. We should choose some games that are helpful to children's unity and cooperation and mental health education, and these games should also be interesting. In teaching activities, combined with the psychological characteristics and development needs of preschool children, we use teaching to educate children's mental health. Resolutely oppose teaching children blind indoctrination, or separating various teaching sections.
Second, there are many factors that affect children's mental health, which can basically be divided into two categories: one is congenital factors and the other is acquired factors.
The study of human genetics proves that many human behaviors and psychology are developed under the interaction of heredity and living environment. Many psychological behaviors of human beings are influenced by heredity, such as mood fluctuation, introversion or extroversion of personality, etc. It must be said that genetic factors are the premise of psychological development, and its role in mental health has been affirmed in the study.
Family is the most basic social unit, the earliest living environment for children and an important place for the formation of children's personality. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to children's mental health. Studies have confirmed that children who grew up in divorced families are much more withdrawn and indifferent than those who grew up in a complete family environment, and their characteristics are also obvious. Such children are insecure and unsociable, and it is difficult to form a sound personality. Therefore, a stable family environment plays an important role in children's mental health development.
Third, the current problems of mental health education for preschool children in China
1. The concept of education is outdated and backward, and the mental health education of preschool children has not attracted enough attention.
Although the state and the government have got a certain understanding of this aspect, issued relevant documents, and made clear plans for preschool children's mental health education, it has not attracted enough attention in actual operation, and there are still many defects in its application in teaching. Generally speaking, the actual situation attaches importance to subjective understanding, but the combination with children's mental health needs is ignored in the actual situation, and mental health education is not effectively combined. A large part of the reason for this situation is that there is no unified understanding among educational institutions, teachers and parents of children, and the lack of understanding leads to the lack of action. In fact, mental health is a comprehensive reflection of many aspects, not just children's personality or ideological morality. Many kindergartens and other educational institutions confuse it, pursue it too unilaterally, and fail to analyze it from the correct angle. In addition, the particularity of preschool children's psychology is not recognized, and mental health education draws lessons from the experience and theoretical knowledge of primary and secondary schools, which lacks pertinence and guidance in education.
2. Preschool education lacks mental health education teachers.
At present, many preschool education lacks new teachers, and the original educational theory stays at a relatively low level, which can not well analyze children's psychological characteristics, solve problems through correct means, correct children's bad psychology, let alone foresee and intervene possible mental health problems. Therefore, preschool education urgently needs to inject new strength and vitality, improve the current unreasonable situation, and let children's psychological problems get enough attention in the actual education process.
Fourthly, the countermeasures to improve preschool children's mental health education.
1. Improve teachers' quality
As a pre-school educator, one should master certain knowledge and skills of psychopedagogy and apply them flexibly and reasonably in practical teaching. In addition, as a preschool teacher, we should have a good mental state to ensure mental health. Because children's imitation ability is strong, teachers' psychological state can easily affect the surrounding teaching environment, and children in this environment are of course more susceptible to infection and influence. If teachers have mental health problems or psychological defects, they will be accepted by children intentionally or unintentionally in teaching activities, and this unhealthy psychological factor will be passed on to children, thus causing mental health problems and affecting the healthy development of children's psychology.
2. Strengthen the communication between schools and parents, and realize the unity of cognition.
In family education, parents should not only care about their children's physical health, but also pay attention to their psychological development, master certain psychological knowledge, understand their psychological needs, and create a good family atmosphere for their children. Parents should communicate with kindergartens more, understand their children's school situation, and criticize or praise their children's performance in time. Only with the joint efforts of both schools and parents can education be more conducive to the healthy growth of children. So is mental health education. Only when the two sides reach a unified understanding height can the mental health problems be solved scientifically and reasonably.
Mental health education is a new thing in the new situation of modern education in recent years. As a preschool teacher, we must attach importance to the significance of children's mental health education, understand the needs and existing practical problems of children's mental health education, and explore active and effective methods to solve practical problems in our work. Only in this way can we implement quality education, promote children's mental health development, and finally realize children's all-round development, which is in line with modern education and teaching concepts.
References:
Ping Xu. On the Effective Ways of Children's Mental Health Education [J]. New Curriculum: Primary School, 20 10.
[2] Yao Benxian, Deng Mingren. Objectives, tasks, contents and approaches of children's mental health education [J]. Educational Science Research, 2004.
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