Graduation study, according to a course, is the last link of general secondary specialized schools, junior colleges, undergraduate colleges, higher education self-study examination undergraduate and postgraduate professional education. In order to enable students of this major to concentrate on scientific research and training, students are required to summarize and write papers independently before graduation. I brought the skills and methods of undergraduate thesis writing.

Writing Skills and Methods of Undergraduate Graduation Thesis 1 Part I Topic Selection

Simply put, choosing a topic is to determine the subject of your own scientific research, solve the problem of what to study, and clarify the goal and scope of the research. Choosing a topic is the first step in scientific research, and it is also a very critical step.

When entering the preparation stage of thesis writing, most students often worry about the topic of the thesis. Admittedly, in the preparation stage, topic selection is very important. Choosing a suitable topic for research will make the writing of the paper smoother.

The topic selection is a process from big to small, from concrete to concrete. We should determine the research direction according to our own knowledge structure and interests, consider the general direction and scope of future thesis topics, and gradually clarify the specific topics on the basis of our own course study, extensive reading and data accumulation.

Try to choose applied topics.

Generally speaking, the definition of applied research is vague. Generally, it refers to the application of theory to solve specific problems, which is often divided into theoretical application and quantitative application. Of course, in practice, the boundary between the two is not very clear, and more and more papers combine theory and quantitative application in analysis. We encourage students to choose applied research as the theme of their thesis.

make a fuss over/about a trifle

The quality of a paper depends on how the author supports his own views in the paper.

This requires the author to be clear about the problems he wants to study, and the scope of the study should not be too wide. Academic papers generally do not emphasize the width of research questions, but pay more attention to the depth. If a paper covers a wide range, it is certainly difficult for the author to go deep.

Part II Opening Report

First, the purpose of the opening report

The purpose of writing the opening report is to ask teachers and experts to help us judge whether this problem has research value, whether this research method is possible, and whether this argument logic has obvious defects.

Second, the structure of the opening report

It should be carried out in the following aspects: research purpose and significance, literature review and theoretical space, basic arguments and research methods, data collection methods and work steps. Among them, "literature review, basic arguments and research methods" is the focus. Many people often spend a lot of ink on literature review, but when it comes to their own research methods, they just say a few words and pass by.

1 the purpose and significance of the topic.

2. Literature review related to the theme

2. 1 Summary of related research literature

2.2 A brief evaluation of the existing literature

3 Logical thinking and research methods

4 paper structure and content arrangement

Five possible innovations

6. Existing research basis

7. Main references

Third, the research method of the subject.

Specific research methods can be selected from the following methods: observation method, investigation method, experiment method, experience summary method, case method, comparative research method, literature method and so on.

To study the present situation of enterprises, we must be inseparable from investigation methods; To study how to optimize, experimental method should be adopted; To study how to train employees, we can use the experience summary method; To study the interpersonal relationship of leaders, we can use case method and so on.

When determining the research method, it is necessary to make it clear what to do and how to do it. If the survey method is needed, the purpose, task, object, scope, survey method, questionnaire design or source should be explained.

Advocate the use of comprehensive research methods. A large project often needs many methods. A small project may be mainly one method, but other methods are also needed.

The third part is literature review.

Literature review is a style different from research papers after reading the literature on a certain topic before opening the topic, understanding, sorting, comprehensive analysis and evaluation.

1, the format of literature review (including four parts)

This paper mainly explains the purpose of writing and introduces related concepts, definitions and research scope.

Theme: Summarize, sort out, analyze and compare the collected literature, clarify the historical background, present situation and development direction of related topics, and comment on these issues.

Summary: Briefly summarize the topic.

References: show respect for the author of the cited documents and the basis of the cited documents.

2, literature review regulations

(1) In order to make the selected topic report have sufficient basis, literature review is required before the topic is opened.

(2) In the literature review, we should systematically consult the domestic and foreign literature related to our own research direction.

(3) Explain the development history of your research direction, the main research achievements of predecessors, existing problems and development trends.

(4) Be clear and concise.

(5) Use data appropriately and reasonably.

(6) Have your own opinions and opinions.

3. Preventive measures

① Literature collection should be as comprehensive as possible.

② Pay attention to the representativeness, reliability and scientificity of the cited documents.

③ Cite documents faithfully.

④ References cannot be omitted.

The fourth part is the writing of graduation thesis.

The basic components of paper:

original manuscript

abstract

key word

introduce

main body

conclusion

Notes and references

Graduation thesis is a summative academic thesis independently completed by recent college graduates.

By examining students' graduation thesis, we can examine students' ability to comprehensively apply what they have learned to solve practical problems.

What kind of requirements should the paper meet?

It embodies the author's solid professional basic knowledge, has certain ability to study science independently, and has his own unique views on the research topic, which has certain academic value.

I. Title

Titles are also called titles or titles. A title is a logical combination that reflects the most important specific content in a short passage with the most appropriate and concise words.

The topic of the paper is very important and must be carefully chosen. Some people use the following sentence to describe its importance: the title of the paper is half of the article.

The requirements of the thesis topic are:

Accurate and decent; Short and pithy; catch sb's attention

The requirements of these three aspects are as follows:

Accurate and decent

The title of the paper requires accurate expression of the content of the paper and appropriate reflection of the scope and depth of the research. Can't be too general, the topic is not deducted.

Concise refining

Try to keep the number of words in the topic as small as possible, and the words need to be carefully selected, generally no more than 20 words. Of course, we should not blindly pursue fewer words and affect the proper reflection of the content. If the short topic is not enough to express the content of the paper, it can be solved by the method of positive subtitle.

noticeable

Whether the words used in the topic are eye-catching or not, the effect is far from the same.

Second, the content overview

Papers generally have Chinese abstracts and English abstracts. It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments or comments. Its function is to obtain the necessary information without reading the full text of the paper.

The abstract shall include the following contents

1, what is the main content of learning, and indicate what work has been completed;

2. The basic conclusions and research results highlight the novelty of the paper;

3, the significance of the conclusion or result.

The number of words in the abstract generally does not exceed 5% of the number of words in the paper; Don't quote examples, don't talk about the research process, don't use charts, and don't make self-evaluation. Don't copy the subtitle or conclusion of the paper.

Third, key words

It is a word or term selected from a paper to express the main content information of the full text in order to achieve the purpose of document indexing. A paper can choose 3 to 8 words as keywords.

Four. introduce

Also known as the preface, it belongs to the introduction part of the whole paper, and its writing content includes the following three points:

1. problem statement: research motivation, purpose and problem statement.

2. Literature review

3. Research framework and content description

Verb (abbreviation for verb) text

The writing of the main part can be changed according to different topics.

As a complete paper, readers should have a comprehensive understanding of the problem, the analysis process and the solution of the problem, so as to accurately judge the quality of the paper.

The content of the main part of the paper is generally divided into several parts to describe. In writing, in addition to using words to describe, we should also be good at using various charts, tables, curves and so on to explain the problem. A well-organized, illustrated and clearly demonstrated paper is a good one.

Conclusion of intransitive verbs

This section is not long. First of all, I will make a simple summary of the whole paper, then I will list my contribution to research and development or the results of independent research, and then I will make a realistic evaluation of my work progress and level. However, we should be cautious when using self-evaluation such as "first proposal", "major breakthrough" and "important value".

Seven. refer to

This part reflects the author's academic style.

Eight, postscript

In the postscript, I mainly express my gratitude to the tutor and other related teachers and classmates. In this regard, it is still necessary to seek truth from facts, and excessive praise will bring negative effects. The title of this section can also be "Thank you".

Writing skills and methods of undergraduate graduation thesis 2 mba graduation thesis writing is an important part in the process of mba learning, which is not only a summary of relevant knowledge of mba learning, but also another collision and combination of practice and theory. On the one hand, the writing of mba graduation thesis is similar to other papers, and there are also topics, arguments and arguments. On the other hand, mba thesis has its own characteristics and requirements, and there is an obvious tendency: to study the real economic and management problems, especially the micro-problems and practical problems in work, is to test and excavate students' comprehensive application ability.

Generally speaking, the writing of mba thesis mainly includes the steps of selecting topics, collecting data, investigating, summarizing others' achievements, applying relevant theories, sorting out data, analyzing data, putting forward opinions and writing papers. In the process of writing a thesis, we need to pay attention to some concepts, methods and approaches:

First, the positioning of mba thesis is different from that of Master of Management (Doctor) thesis.

Generally speaking, there are two main types of master's (doctor's) thesis in management: one is theoretical research, which mainly proves an economic or management hypothesis by mathematical methods, or proves existing conclusions by new methods; The other is empirical research, which mainly uses statistical data and econometric models to test a theoretical hypothesis. The essence of these two kinds of papers needs innovation. At present, there are some other forms of master's (doctoral) thesis in China, some of which are mainly summary, and some of which apply theory to a practical problem. No matter what form, the master's (doctor's) thesis of economic management requires innovation and has a strong theoretical tendency. However, Mba graduation thesis has a significant tendency to solve practical economic and management problems, focusing on actual combat, research and cases, and focusing on solving practical problems. Of course, theoretical analysis is still essential. On the one hand, it reflects the level of the thesis, on the other hand, it makes the mba graduation thesis different from the work report and report of the unit.

Second, the title of mba graduation thesis

Correct topic selection is a key step in mba thesis writing. The success or failure of the thesis depends largely on the topic selection. Therefore, several reference principles for choosing a theme can be considered:

1. Academic value and practical requirements.

The academic value of mba thesis lies in revealing the laws in the process of economic life and management, seeking truth, finding methods and countermeasures to solve problems, promoting enterprise growth and promoting economic development. Therefore, in this sense, all subjects with academic value should be among the choices. At the same time, we must pay attention to the tendency of mba thesis to face reality and micro, and try our best to solve practical problems with what we have learned.

2. The topic should not be big. We should consider our own subjective and objective conditions, proceed from reality and do what we can. Subjective conditions mainly refer to personal theoretical basis, knowledge, knowledge level, writing skills, hobbies and scientific research ability. The objective conditions are the familiarity with the topic, the possession of materials and the guidance of teachers. The topic should not be too big, or it will be very vague. The bigger the topic, the wider the coverage. You want to say everything, but you can't say it clearly when you are tired. For example, topics such as "Research on China" are not suitable for mba thesis selection, while topics such as "Strategic Research on xx Enterprises" and "Strategic Analysis on xx Development Zone" are more suitable and easier to write.

3. Write familiar objects. Mba students have a certain period of work experience and social experience. You will encounter all kinds of economic management problems in your work and life, and dealing with these problems may be your specialty, so writing a topic is not only much easier, but also full of practical significance.

4. Learn from others' achievements. China has been carrying out mba education for more than ten years, and our school has enrolled seven mba students and several graduates. A large number of excellent graduation theses became the reference materials for later graduates to write papers. Choosing an ideal topic can examine other people's topics from a broader perspective and a higher angle, and extract similar problems that you are familiar with. Choose a topic that suits you, and you can consider the following methods:

(1) expansion method. That is to say, to further broaden or deepen the research on a certain issue, such as marketing strategy, we can write characteristics on the basis of what others have already discussed, combined with our own special problems, or conduct in-depth research on some issues or aspects that others have not yet studied or have not fully studied.

(2) Angle transformation method. That is, discuss the same research object from different angles. For example, the problem of housing credit can be discussed from the perspective of consumers, or only from the perspective of consumer credit rating, or from the perspective of financial institutions or credit system.

(3) Comparative method. That is to say, by comparing several research objects or several aspects of the same object, we can find the law and find the relationship, so as to achieve a profound understanding of the problems to be studied and put forward targeted solutions.

Third, look for relevant materials.

A clever woman can't cook without rice. After the topic is determined, it is very important to find relevant materials. Generally speaking, there are three ways to search for relevant information.

1. Consult related magazines.

Generally speaking, it is an authoritative magazine in related fields in China in recent three years. Some less influential magazines should be careful when quoting materials because some articles published in these magazines are wrong or imprecise.

2. Search online. There are a lot of related materials that can be seen on the Internet, and the speed is fast, but you should read them carefully, choose and quote them carefully.

3. refer to the previous mba graduation thesis. Previous graduates' papers contain a lot of refined materials, and some papers have their own characteristics in analyzing and processing the original data and materials, which can be said to be a database with great reference value. You can not only find relevant information, but also learn from other people's methods.

Fourth, build a framework and write a paper.

If choosing a topic and collecting relevant information are regarded as the first and second stages of mba graduation thesis, then building a framework and writing a thesis under the guidance of a tutor is the third stage. Excellent papers generally have similar characteristics: the topic is novel and has certain theoretical and practical significance; The paper has clear thinking, distinct views and prominent center; Clear hierarchy and rigorous logical structure; Sufficient arguments, reliable data, reasonable handling and proper use; Have the ability to analyze problems independently and have certain opinions, and have certain depth; The proposed scheme or countermeasure has certain practical reference value, and so on.

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