Chinese teaching should pay attention to methods.

abstract

Teaching methods:

First, the combination of reading and writing should be pragmatic.

Second, don't analyze the text out of context.

Third, teaching methods cannot be fixed on a statue.

Import method:

First, the main methods of introducing art into junior high school Chinese classroom teaching

Second, the problems that should be paid attention to in introducing art into junior middle school Chinese classroom teaching.

abstract

Chinese teaching should pay attention to methods. Teaching methods are both traditional and innovative, and whether they are good or not depends on the right use. You can't favor one over the other and you can't model it. We should choose teaching methods according to the laws and principles of teaching and the actual situation of teaching. Classroom lead-in is an important part of classroom teaching and a prelude to classroom teaching. Good lead-in can attract students' attention, just like a golden key to open the door of students' interest. Therefore, we should pursue the lead-in skills and create a good start for the overall artistry of classroom teaching. Key words: teaching methods, lead-in methods and classroom teaching skills. Talking about junior high school classroom teaching methods and lead-in methods, Chinese teaching should pay attention to methods. Teaching methods are both traditional and innovative, and whether they are good or not depends on proper use. You can't favor one over the other and you can't model it. We should choose teaching methods according to the laws and principles of teaching and the actual situation of teaching.

Let me talk about three points: first, the combination of reading and writing should be pragmatic. Under the new curriculum standard, a teacher teaches people to teach Yunnan Song Club. After guiding the students to analyze the content of the text and feel the emotion of the article, the teacher asked the students to describe a portrait and a teacher or student. After listening to the description, the students should know who it is. In order to give students an example of imitation, the teacher showed two portraits with multimedia: one is the content in the third paragraph of the text "Yunnan Song Club", and the other is a paragraph describing Cui Cui in the text "Border Town" (excerpt). Judging from the actual situation, the purpose of training has not been achieved. Students do not imitate the materials provided by teachers, but write in their own way. It is a normal teaching practice to practice fragments or whole articles with texts suitable for imitation. As long as we grasp it well, we can get practical results. However, we can't go through the motions for reading and writing, and combine reading and writing, regardless of whether the text content is suitable for imitation. If the imitation object is not selected, it will not only fail to achieve the purpose of training, but also waste time. The two clips selected by the teacher above are not suitable for junior two students to imitate. The portrait described in the third paragraph of Yunnan Song Club is not a specific Yunnan woman's, but a cosmetic portrait. There is no pure portrait description of Cui Cui in Border Town (excerpt). How to describe it, the teacher didn't analyze and guide it, which made the students a little embarrassed. Obviously, the teacher's teaching purpose is difficult to highlight, and the teaching effect is greatly reduced. The combination of reading and writing depends on whether reading and writing can be combined or not. To be able to combine, we must find the best fit point between the two, and also pay attention to the guidance of methods.

Second, don't analyze the text out of context. Listen to a teacher's "Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains" class. The teacher leads the students to analyze on the spot. Teacher-student interaction and teacher's guidance are very good. However, the teacher's analysis of "the laundry girl returns to the bamboo, and the lotus leaves are harvested before the fishing boat" is a bit far-fetched, saying that the poet cares about the sufferings of the working people, which reflects the poet's sympathy. I hope students can also learn to care about working people. Han Yu pointed out in "Teacher's Theory": "A teacher is a teacher, so the teacher's teaching is also." In the process of imparting knowledge and cultivating students' ability, teachers do not forget to cultivate students' emotions and values. This requires teachers to pay attention to the organic combination of the two in specific teaching, and must not be carried out mechanically regardless of the actual situation. Autumn Night in a Mountain is a famous piece describing mountains and rivers in ancient times, and the author describes a poetic artistic conception. This has both the beauty of the environment and the beauty of people's activities. "Bamboo language" depicts a group of village girls returning from washing clothes and stepping on the moon, and the sound of paddling downstream breaks the silence of the night. The poet wants to write about a group of carefree, hardworking and kind people. Describing such a pure and beautiful life scene is related to the feelings that the poet wants to express. There are many examples similar to those described in this poem in Tang poetry. For example, Wang Changling's Song of Picking Lotus: "Lotus leaves and skirts are the same color, and hibiscus blooms on both sides of the face. I can't see it when I enter the pool. I feel someone coming when I hear the song. " Wang Jian's Rain Over the Mountain Village: "One or two chickens crow in the rain, the roads and bridges in Zhuxi Village are inclined, the mother-in-law calls silkworms to take a bath, and gardenias are idle." And so on, are all good examples. However, if we insist on analyzing the relationship between the poet and the hardships of working people's lives from the above poems, it is somewhat inappropriate for the poet to have sympathy. It is not without this poem in ancient poetry, and the most representative one is the poem of poet and saint Du Fu. His famous poems include Three Officials, Three Farewells, Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage, etc. , fully reflect this feeling. We should not only educate students in their thoughts and feelings, but also teach them to accept this kind of education consciously from the text. It is also necessary to teach students to go deep into the essence of the text and feel different emotions from different contents. I have never read the feelings of caring for the working people from any words.

Third, the teaching method cannot be fixed on a Chinese teacher who has only worked for two years after graduating from a university. Some teachers say that she is unruly in class, which is different from ordinary teachers. The school leaders felt the same way after listening to her class. Recently, she arranged a teaching and research class, which is "Hutong Culture". She talked more time, but she also had questions to discuss with the students. Almost all teachers and leaders in class think that the classroom atmosphere is warm, but the teaching method is single and traditional. Judging from her teaching effect, it is still quite good. These two years, I am in two grades. Whether in the usual exam or the final exam, the results of the two classes are always among the best in more than a dozen classes in the grade they teach, which makes some teachers very confused. However, teachers' denial of teachers' teaching methods made teachers lose confidence. How to teach? The ancients said, "If you don't obey the rules, you can't be Fiona Fang". However, this "rule" is by no means a rigid teaching model. It refers to teaching rules and principles. As long as you follow its teaching method, it should be feasible, otherwise it will be bad, no matter how advanced the teaching method is. There is no difference between the old and new teaching methods, because "each method has its advantages and disadvantages." A teaching method is effective when it is used in the right place by the right people and produces the right effect, and vice versa. " The teacher's teaching method was accused of being unruly and different from that of ordinary teachers. In fact, that teacher's teaching method is just traditional. Her teaching may not be to the taste of some leaders and teachers In her class, there is no fancy form, no pursuit of excitement for the sake of beauty, but something of practical significance. Simple and true, clear teaching purpose, clear teaching focus and difficulty. Her classroom atmosphere is not cold and cheerless, on the contrary, it is "warm", which shows that students' enthusiasm for learning has been mobilized and students have devoted themselves to classroom learning, so the teacher's teaching effect is good. What's wrong with traditional teaching methods? Do you want to abandon all the traditional ones? That's not true. In today's classroom, the shadow of traditional teaching methods can be seen everywhere, requiring students to pay attention to memorization and accumulation; Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, step by step; Not angry, not angry, not angry and not angry are all good traditional teaching methods. As long as it is conducive to the improvement of students' Chinese literacy and the spiritual growth of students, it should be inherited and carried forward. We are not against the innovation of teaching methods, but against the formal pursuit of teaching methods. Of all the subjects, I am afraid that only Chinese has the most teaching methods. You work out a method of ×× today, and he will summarize the steps of ×× tomorrow. This teaching method is good and has been popularized, but the teachers have not adapted yet. Suddenly, a new teaching method was introduced, which dazzled the teachers. Teachers with personality and rich teaching experience are generally not affected, but many teachers, especially young teachers, are afraid that their self-confidence will be tossed, so they have to be on tenterhooks, keep up with the situation and be exhausted. Many teachers in China lament that they can't teach more and more, which is probably the reason. Is this a kind of sadness for Teacher China? That teacher is like this. Although his teaching effect is good, his teaching methods are not combined and are about to shake. She should stick to her own teaching methods and form her own teaching personality and style. Why should she be assimilated? In my old school, a political teacher spoke very fast in class, just like shooting a machine gun. At first, it was difficult for students to understand. Once you get used to it, everyone thinks that the teacher teaches well, and the results of the college entrance examination are the best proof. Later, the teacher was transferred to the provincial key middle school. The selection and use of all teaching methods should proceed from reality, which refers to the reality of teaching materials, teaching, students and teachers. Otherwise, it is meaningless to talk about teaching methods. Classroom lead-in is an important part of classroom teaching and a prelude to classroom teaching. Good lead-in can attract students' attention, just like a golden key to open the door of students' interest. Therefore, we should pursue the lead-in skills and create a good start for the overall artistry of classroom teaching. The following briefly discusses the introduction methods of junior high school Chinese classroom teaching:

First, the main methods of introducing art into junior high school Chinese classroom teaching According to the psychological characteristics of students, follow the teaching rules and combine the key contents of the text to design the introduction. I think there are the following methods:

(1) The method of "setting suspense" is appropriate and accurate, and it is a common import method in teaching, that is, the method of "reducing the burden". The ancients said, "Learning begins with thinking, and thinking originates from doubt". "Learning is expensive, knowing doubt, making small progress with small doubts, and making great progress with big doubts, and skeptics will have a chance to realize progress." Psychologically speaking, the thinking process usually begins with the need to cope with some difficulties and solve some problems. Generally speaking, thinking always starts with some questions. According to this principle, in the introduction of new courses, teachers should consciously set some interesting questions that reflect the teaching focus, induce students' desire for learning, create a situation of questioning and exploring, and stimulate students' thinking. For example, as soon as I started the class, I said, "Today, in Chinese class, I will test you with a math problem." The examination of mathematics in Chinese class suddenly aroused students' appetite. So, I hung a small blackboard with a pre-designed topic: on Sunday, Xiaoming's mother went out. When he left, he told Xiaoming to finish three tasks: cooking, doing homework and mopping the floor. If each task takes an hour to complete, please think about it: can you complete these three tasks in the shortest time? Students think and speak actively. After discussion, a new lesson, overall planning method, is introduced. The key content of this lesson is naturally solved. (2) The "straight to the point" lead-in method currently advocates a teaching method-target presentation method, also known as "one lesson and one method": students are required to correctly and completely master a key content within a limited time of 45 minutes. In order to really achieve "success", teachers are required to make clear the key points of the text and determine the goals. As soon as we talk about the class, we will go straight to the subject, that is, the introduction of "target display" For example, I wrote the words "the role of narrative in discussion" on the blackboard with colored chalk in my class on bones, clearly telling students that this is the key problem to be solved in this class. If we can solve this problem clearly, we will really achieve "one achievement" and the teaching task of this class will be completed. The introduction method of target display is eye-catching, straightforward and directed at the theme, which is a good introduction method.

(3) The introduction of "intuitive teaching AIDS" is still in adolescence, emphasizing perceptual knowledge, and thinking is in the transition period from image thinking to abstract thinking. According to this psychological characteristic, we should boldly use visual teaching AIDS in teaching. This method uses visual teaching AIDS such as objects, objects, models or wall charts to attract attention and stimulate interest. Visual teaching AIDS can use ready-made materials or make their own. For example, learning seven matches, I will directly bring seven matches into the classroom and introduce new lessons to guide students to understand the Red Army's sincerity to the party. In the lesson of "The Story of the Nuclear Ship", I also introduced several peach stones that can be picked up everywhere to enter the new lesson. Ordinary peach stones have stimulated students' appreciation of ancient art.

(4) "Language sense transmission" is the main means to express feelings by introducing French. In teaching, teachers use beautiful and vivid language to bring students into the context of teaching materials through emotional recitation. Japanese psychologist Takeshi Takizawa has used a large number of experimental results for a long time to show that once students lose their feelings about learning, their cognitive functions such as thinking understanding and memory will be suppressed and hindered. Strong emotions can improve students' learning effect. Therefore, language emotion is very important for the introduction of a class.

(5) "Hands-on operation" lead-in method Teenagers' thinking activities often start with actions, which can stimulate their thinking development and improve their intelligence level. The introduction of "hands-on operation" in class can greatly enliven the classroom atmosphere. For example, learning the poem "Fishing Songs" requires students to prepare brushes and pigments in advance. At the beginning of the class, I said, "Students, today we are going to draw a picture in a competition. Please draw a picture according to the poem "Fishing Songs" to see who can draw quickly and well. " Hearing this, the students were very excited, sketching and coloring, and they were very busy. It mobilized the atmosphere of the whole class and solved the understanding of poetry content. Another example is "small orange lamp", let students make their own small orange lamp and understand its meaning. Let the students operate, which fully embodies the "vividness" of importing art and the "mobility" of students. Doing a good job of "living" and "moving" can not only improve the interest in learning Chinese, but also deepen the understanding of what you have learned.

(6) The story of "beautiful expression" is very attractive to students because of its vivid plot and rich connotation. Infect students by telling stories or examples vividly, so as to introduce new lessons smoothly and vividly. For example, the introduction of "People's Public Servant" tells the story of Lei Feng's childhood, and the introduction of "The Fair in the Sky" tells the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. Attract students' attention through stories, which not only introduces new lessons smoothly, but also expands students' knowledge.

(7) "Getting Better" lead-in music music can produce a happy mood and cultivate people's sentiment. The introduction of music method will make students happily enter the text and accept new knowledge. For example, in "Spring", I played the famous song "Spring Comes" with the guzheng, so that students were immersed in the beautiful scenery of spring. In "Watching the Theatre", I introduced the cassette music of "Selected Pieces of Mei Lanfang's Peking Opera", and the students were immediately attracted by China's artistic treasure-Peking Opera. Introducing music infection can make students really "enjoy" learning.

(8) Introduction of "modern technology" This is a way of introducing advanced scientific and technological means, and schools with good conditions can make full use of it. For example, The Great Hall of the People and The Immortality of People's Heroes can all be imported with ready-made projection materials. The introduction method of "slide projection" can "turn static into dynamic", "turn virtual into reality" and "simplify complex", strengthen vision and enhance learning effect. Second, the problems that should be paid attention to when art is introduced into junior middle school Chinese classroom teaching should be targeted first, and different introduction methods should be adopted according to the content of teaching materials and students' acceptance, instead of copying mechanically, it should be flexible, rigid and single. For example, in commemoration of Bethune, we can use the method of "language sense transmission", intuitive graphic method and introduction of Bethune's deeds. We should adopt the best ways and means according to the actual needs, and truly achieve both "writing style" and "heartstrings". Secondly, we should make clear the relationship between "lead-in" and "the whole classroom", and we should not let "lead-in" drown the whole classroom teaching. Imports can only be the fuse. The time should also be controlled at about 5 ~ 6 minutes, not too long. Thirdly, for the operational lead-in, in order to ensure the quality of the classroom, we should carefully design and sometimes rehearse and imitate, so as to be "foolproof". In short, a good Chinese teacher should carefully study the syllabus, deeply understand the guiding ideology of current teaching, carefully design the lead-in, and give full play to the role of catalyst and lubricant of lead-in. At the same time, it should be clear that all aspects of the teaching process should be handled well to make it a compact organic unity, so that classroom teaching can be successful.

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