(1) nano coating
Nano-coating is the application of surface technology to coat some or all materials containing nano-powder. Due to the unique surface properties of nano-powder, the material has new characteristics.
(1) can be made into a surface coating to change the optical properties of the material surface, such as optical nonlinearity, light absorption, light reflection and light transmission. Nanoparticles have a good application in the light bulb industry. For high-pressure sodium lamp, 69% of the electric energy of iodine arc lamp is converted into infrared light, and only a small amount of light energy is visible light. Heating of lamp tube will also shorten the life of lamp tube. Nanoparticles provide a new solution for it. People use nano-particles SiO2 _ 2 and TiO2 _ 2 to make multi-layer interference films with a total thickness of micron lining inside the lamp tube, which not only has good transmittance, but also has strong infrared reflection ability. Can save electricity 15%.
(2) Nano-infrared coating, which has also been studied by many people, can strongly absorb infrared rays after being compounded with iron oxide and alumina nano-powder, making military uniforms, which can not only keep warm, but also avoid the enemy's hot frequency detection, reducing the weight by 30%.
(3) The nanometer ultraviolet coating can be used as a semiconductor ultraviolet filter by using the blue shift phenomenon of nanoparticles. It can also be coated on the plastic surface to slow down the aging of plastic, and can even be made into sunscreen to protect the skin.
(4) Nano-stealth technology, with more and more advanced detection methods, radar emits electromagnetic waves, and infrared detectors can detect heating elements. In the future military struggle, nano stealth technology becomes very important. On the one hand, because the size of nanoparticles is much smaller than the wavelength of infrared and radar waves, the transmittance of nanoparticles is much larger than that of conventional materials, thus reducing the reflectivity and avoiding detection; On the other hand, the surface energy of nanoparticles is much larger than that of conventional materials, which makes nanoparticles absorb electromagnetic waves very strongly, and makes the reflected electromagnetic waves slightly reduced and difficult to be found. Nano-borides, carbides and carbon nanotubes have great development prospects in this respect.
(2) Application in environmental protection
People are troubled by the shortage of mineral energy and environmental pollution. The application of nano-materials in environmental protection, environmental governance and pollution reduction presents a thriving scene. Nanoparticles can resist bacteria, prevent corrosion, deodorize, purify air, optimize environment and promote degradation. In addition, they can adsorb heavy metal ions to purify water, bacteria, viruses, toxic ions and so on.
(3) Photocatalysis of nanoparticles
Photocatalysis can be used for environmental protection, degradation of pesticides, organic matter and so on. Due to the small particle size, large specific surface area and high photocatalytic efficiency; In addition, most of the electrons and holes generated by nanoparticles will not recombine after reaching the surface, so the holes are low and the chemical reaction activity is high.